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Background: Sarcopenia is common in chronic pancreatitis (CP) and has been associated with unfavorable outcomes; however, it is not well studied in acute pancreatitis (AP)., Aims: To evaluate risk factors for sarcopenia among individuals with AP or CP., Methods: A cross sectional analysis was performed among subjects with AP or CP seen in a tertiary care Pancreas Clinic. TeraRecon software was used to calculate the cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle, visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat at the level of the L3 vertebrae. Sarcopenia was classified using sex-specific skeletal muscle index. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to assess differences between groups and associations with sarcopenia., Results: A total of 49 subjects with AP and 54 subjects with CP were included. Sarcopenia was more frequently observed in CP compared to AP (83.3% vs. 46.9%, p < 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression demonstrated CP, male sex, increased age, and decreased subcutaneous fat were independently associated with sarcopenia., Conclusion: Sarcopenia is observed in both CP and AP. In addition to traditional risk factors (including male sex, older age, and decreased subcutaneous fat), CP is independently associated with sarcopenia. Further investigations are necessary to gain deeper insights into sarcopenia pathogenesis, which could inform potential intervention strategies., Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Institutional Review Board (IRB); all experiments were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The IRB waived the need for written informed consent as all study activities met the criteria for minimal risk. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2025. The Author(s).)