123 results on '"Silva AR"'
Search Results
2. Child Opportunity Index and clinical characteristics at diabetes diagnosis in youth: type 1 diabetes versus type 2 diabetes
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Silva Arslanian, Ingrid Libman, Kim Hoyek, Nkeiruka Mkparu, Yong Hee Hong, and Mary Ellen Vajravelu
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Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Introduction Among youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D), longitudinal poor glycemic control is associated with adverse socioeconomic conditions at the neighborhood level. Child Opportunity Index (COI), which encompasses measures of education, health, environment, social, and economic factors, is associated with obesity in youth but has not been evaluated in youth with new-onset T1D or type 2 diabetes (T2D). We hypothesized that lower COI would be associated with adverse clinical outcomes at diabetes diagnosis, and due to differing risk factors and pathophysiology, that youth with new-onset T2D would have lower COI than youth with T1D.Research design and methods Retrospective cohort of youth with new-onset diabetes admitted to a large academic pediatric hospital. COI was compared by diabetes type using t-tests and Χ2 tests. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between COI and clinical characteristics, stratified by diabetes type and adjusted for age and sex.Results The cohort (n=484) differed in race and age by diabetes type (T1D: n=389; 10.0% black, 81.2% white; age 9.6±0.2 years; T2D: n=95; 44.2% black, 48.4% white; age 14.8±0.3 years). Youth with T2D had lower COI (p more...
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- 2024
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3. Updated range distribution of the non-native Asian green mussel Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758) at Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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de Messano LVR, Gonçalves JEA, Kassuga AD, da Silva AR, Masi BP, Messano HF, Fardin D, and Coutinho R
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- Animals, Brazil, Environmental Monitoring methods, Animal Distribution, Perna, Bays, Introduced Species
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Guanabara Bay, located at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is a highly urbanized and polluted estuary that houses different port areas, shipyards, and marinas of intense maritime traffic. This infrastructure is widely associated with the introduction and spread of non-native sessile species. A rapid assessment of non-native benthic sessile species conducted in the bay in late 2022 across 19 sites identified a total of 83 taxa, both native and non-native, classified into the following main groups: one Cyanophyta, 13 Macroalgae, 14 Porifera, 11 Cnidaria, six Bryozoa, five Annelida, 10 Mollusca, six Crustacea, 10 Echinodermata, and seven Ascidiacea. Our findings revealed the proliferation of the Asian green mussel ( Perna viridis Linnaeus, 1758), a species noted for its exceptional ability to achieve extremely high biomass levels globally. In Brazil, the bivalve was first reported less than 6 years ago in 2018 at Guanabara Bay, on a mariculture farm at Arraial do Cabo (200 km away) in 2023 and more recently in the south (Paranaguá Bay), besides two coastal islands outside Guanabara Bay on natural rocky shores. The present survey recorded P. viridis at 17 sites, including natural substrata, co-occurring with native species. No Tubastraea spp. were observed in Guanabara Bay. Controlling and mitigating the consequences of bioinvasion events can be challenging, but biosafety protocols should be adopted in the near feature to minimize the risks and impacts caused by species dispersal., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© 2024 de Messano et al.) more...
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- 2024
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4. Predictive factors for arteriovenous fistula maturation: A prospective study.
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Correia AL, Silva AR, Mira F, Pinto R, Ferreira E, Guedes Marques M, Romãozinho C, and Alves R
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Introduction: Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation failure remains common despite preoperative ultrasound mapping. Identifying predictive biomarkers can help anticipate primary failure and reducing invasive procedures. Our study aimed to identify clinical and analytical risk factors for primary AVF failure or delay., Methods: A prospective study (October 2022-March 2023) included adult patients scheduled for AVF creation. In all patients, a preoperative ultrasound mapping was conducted and AVF maturation assessed at least 6 weeks post-surgery. Clinical, analytical, and demographic data were collected., Findings: Eighty patients were included, 62.5% male, and mean age 66.3 years. For distal anastomosis, preoperative vein (3.8 ± 1.2 vs. 2.8 ± 0.6 mm; p 0.002) and supply artery (2.5 ± 0.4 vs. 2.0 ± 0.3 mm; p 0.001) diameters were significant factors impacting primary failure. Also, for proximal anastomosis, the artery diameter (2.4 ± 0.4 vs. 2.0 ± 0.4 mm; p 0.01) had an impact on AVF maturation. ROC curves established for distal AVF a vein diameter cutoff of 3.25 mm (AUC 77.2%) and artery cut-off of 2.35 mm (AUC 74.6%) and for proximal AVF an artery cutoff of 2.25 mm (AUC 76.5%). Distal AVF creation correlated with higher primary failure risk (p < 0.001). No correlation was found between the primary failure rate and the presence of central venous catheter or serum results. In a sub analysis, we found that patients with central venous catheter had higher levels of inflammatory markers., Discussion: Our study highlights the importance of preoperative evaluation, ultrasound mapping, and careful AVF site selection. Recognizing vein and artery diameter thresholds for optimal outcomes is crucial. Avoiding central venous catheters in suitable patients can positively impact AVF results., (© 2024 International Society for Hemodialysis.) more...
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- 2024
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5. Prognostic Factors in Head and Neck Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 3052 Patients in Brazil.
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Mores AL, Bonfim-Alves CG, López RVM, Rodrigues-Oliveira L, Palmier NR, Mariz BALA, Migliorati CA, Kowalski LP, Santos-Silva AR, Brandão TB, and Prado-Ribeiro AC
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Objective: Evaluate the sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics at head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) diagnosis and their impact on overall survival (OS) across different anatomical sites., Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study (2011-2021) at Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, involving 3052 HNSCC patients. Survival analyses utilized the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals, incorporating significant variables from univariate analysis., Results: The five-year OS for all HNSCC sites (n = 3052) was 31.4%, with specific rates of 37.0% for laryngeal cancer (n = 935), 35.8% for oral cancer (n = 762), 26.6% for oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) (n = 1189), and 14.8% for hypopharyngeal cancer (n = 166). HPV-positive OPC had a higher five-year OS (59.3%; n = 127) compared to HPV-negative (35.4%; n = 226). Multivariable analysis identified older age (≥ 70 years) and advanced TNM stage (IV) as adverse prognostic factors for oral cavity, oropharynx, and larynx sites. Male gender was associated with poorer prognosis in the oral cavity, while alcohol consumption was linked to worse outcomes in oropharynx and larynx sites., Conclusion: HNSCC OS remains low at a public cancer center in São Paulo. Older age, advanced tumor stage, and alcohol consumption are independent adverse prognostic factors, particularly in oropharynx and larynx sites., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.) more...
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- 2024
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6. Evaluation of the Participation of Brazilian Women in Research in Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine.
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Ferreira LM, Nascimento JPS, de Sousa ÁAD, de Oliveira FES, Martelli DRB, Santos-Silva AR, and Martelli-Júnior H
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Background: Despite recent advancements, women still encounter significant challenges in various fields, including dentistry. However, the increasing interest in female participation in science acknowledges its fundamental role in the advancement of knowledge. This study aims to assess indicators of women's involvement in Brazilian research in the areas of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine., Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 197 professionals affiliated with the Brazilian Society of Stomatology and Oral Pathology in 2023. Data were collected from publicly available Lattes curriculum and organized into three sets of information: researcher profile, scientific production and human resources formation. Both the data from the researcher's entire career and from the last 5 years (2019-2023) were assessed separately. Descriptive analyses of categorical variables were performed, while the Mann-Whitney test was employed to compare the numerical variables regarding researchers' gender., Results: Of 197 professionals, 117 (59.4%) were female. Although there was no significant difference in scientific production between genders, men had more publications, received approximately twice as many citations, and exhibited higher H-index values compared to women. Notably, women surpassed men in undergraduate student supervision, while men predominated in supervising master's and PhD students., Conclusions: This study highlighted the relevance of female participation in Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine research in Brazil. However, disparities persist regarding women participation, especially in scientific article citations and postgraduate students' supervision., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.) more...
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- 2024
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7. Prevalence of Human Polyomaviruses in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma From Patients Treated at a Cancer Center in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Gomes RT, Sobrinho JS, Pimentel DRN, López RVM, Uno M, Silva ACPRE, Santos-Silva AR, Sichero L, and Tomimori J
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- Humans, Brazil epidemiology, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Oropharynx virology, Mouth virology, Tumor Virus Infections epidemiology, Tumor Virus Infections virology, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck virology, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck epidemiology, Polyomavirus isolation & purification, Polyomavirus genetics, Polyomavirus classification, Polyomavirus Infections epidemiology, Polyomavirus Infections virology, Mouth Neoplasms virology, Mouth Neoplasms epidemiology, Oropharyngeal Neoplasms virology, Oropharyngeal Neoplasms epidemiology, DNA, Viral genetics, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell virology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell epidemiology
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Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) predisposing factors include smoking and alcohol consumption. However, other agents have been investigated, including viruses. We aimed to investigate the presence of DNA of four different types of human polyomavirus (HPyV) in the oral cavity and oropharyngeal SCC samples from an oncology center in Brazil and evaluate the association between HPyV detection and clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. Sixty fresh frozen samples from three different anatomical sites (tongue, floor of the mouth, and oropharynx, 20 samples for each region) were retrospectively selected. Data from medical records such as age, sex, alcohol consumption, smoking, tumor staging and death in less than 5 years of diagnosis were collected. DNA was extracted for the identification of MCPyV, BKPyV, JCPyV, and TSPyV using PCR followed by Sanger sequencing of positive samples. The identity of the generated DNA sequences was confirmed by alignment reference sequences. The investigation of the presence of HPyV DNA showed positivity of 5% for MCPyV (n = 3), 0% for both BKPyV or TSPyV, and 60% for JCPyV (n = 36). No association was found between the positivity of any HPyV in samples with any clinical or sociodemographic characteristics of the patients, nor with a certain anatomical site, except for the association between death in less than 5 years after diagnosis and positivity for JCPyV (p = 0.009). Positivity for HPyV in oral cavity and oropharyngeal SCC was low for MCPyV, high for JCPyV and null for BKPyV and TSPyV. Further studies should be carried out to better understand the high prevalence of JCPyV found in oral cavity and oropharyngeal SCC., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.) more...
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- 2024
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8. Advancing arteriovenous fistula needling: The role of physical exam and doppler ultrasound.
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Pinto R, Barros J, Ferreira R, Alves P, Sousa R, Oliveira L, Pereira L, Correia AL, Silva AR, Henriques A, Magda Guerra, Mata F, Salgueiro A, Fernandes I, Alves R, and Sousa C
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- Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Male, Middle Aged, Aged, Portugal, Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical nursing, Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical methods, Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical adverse effects, Adult, Renal Dialysis methods, Renal Dialysis nursing, Ultrasonography, Doppler methods, Ultrasonography, Doppler instrumentation, Physical Examination methods, Physical Examination instrumentation, Physical Examination standards
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Background: The success of haemodialysis (HD) critically depends on the effective use of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). The precise needling technique is vital to minimise complications and ensure functional vascular access., Objective: This study assesses the effectiveness of a nursing consultation protocol, which integrates physical examination (PE) with Doppler Ultrasound (DUS), in preparing patients for the first AVF needling., Design/participants: A cross-sectional analysis at a Portuguese National Health Service Hospital engaged thirty new HD patients, four HD needling experienced nurses and one HD vascular access nurse. This study examines the accuracy of PE in assessing the matured AVF by the four nurses compared to a trained vascular access nurse encompassing systematic PE and DUS., Measurements: The primary data incorporated AVF characteristics derived from PE (inspection, palpation, and auscultation) and DUS findings (vein depth, diameter, and blood flow). A secondary focus was evaluating the change in nurses' perceived needling complexity following the nursing consultation., Results: The nursing consultation significantly enhanced the identification of crucial AVF features, such as accessory veins (p = 0.002), and improved the accuracy of AVF morphology assessments. This led to identifying longer needling tracks (p = 0.031) and a higher number of safe needling points (p = 0.016). Nurses reported a notable reduction in perceived complexity and potential adverse events following this method (p = 0.027)., Conclusions: Integrating structured PE with DUS in a nursing consultation framework significantly improves the preparation for AVF needling. This approach enhances the efficiency and safety of AVF needling and boosts nurse confidence and patient care in HD settings., (© 2024 European Dialysis & Transplant Nurses Association/European Renal Care Association.) more...
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- 2024
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9. Evaluating the cognitive effects of interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness in older adults: a systematic review.
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Baptista C, Silva AR, Lima MP, and Afonso RM
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- Humans, Aged, Loneliness psychology, Social Isolation psychology, Cognition
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Objectives: Social isolation and loneliness among older adults present serious public health challenges linked to increased dementia risk. This systematic review analyzes interventions addressing social isolation and loneliness in older adults and their cognitive effects to inform future dementia prevention programs., Method: We systematically searched databases (PUBMED, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, EBSCO, and SAGE Journals) from February to May 2023 and updated from August to November 2023 using terms like social isolation, loneliness, intervention, and cognitive outcome. We included studies that assessed cognitive outcomes (such as global cognition or specific domains) and non-cognitive outcomes (including depression, well-being, and functionality). Study quality was assessed using Cochrane's RoB 2, ROBINS-I, and other appraisal tools, with results synthesized narratively., Results: Nine studies (1025 participants) were included, with a high risk of bias in most randomized trials (except one) and a low-to-moderate risk in non-randomized studies. Six studies showed improved cognitive function post-intervention, five of which involved technology. Two studies demonstrated reduced loneliness and improved cognition., Conclusion: Technological interventions promise to reduce social isolation and loneliness, positively impacting cognitive function. Despite this, these interventions did not directly impact social isolation, which requires future and larger studies to understand more in-depth the role of these approaches for individuals with social isolation. The interventions promoting social interactions could lead to higher social identification, well-being, and interest in life. Multidomain interventions, including technology, are effective. Limitations include study scarcity and heterogeneity, highlighting the need for more robust research on interventions to alleviate social isolation and loneliness and enhance cognitive function. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO CRD42023460933. more...
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- 2024
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10. How do clinicians prescribe photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT)? Harmonizing PBMT dosing with photonic fluence and Einstein.
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Esteves-Pereira TC, Rawat N, Bensadoun RJ, Arany PR, and Santos-Silva AR
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- 2024
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11. Clinicopathological, Prognostic and Molecular Profile of Salivary Gland Intraductal Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.
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de Paiva JPG, Roldán DG, Leite ÉGS, de Andrade MMP, Santos-Silva AR, de Oliveira Sales A, Soares CD, and Jorge J
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- Humans, Prognosis, Male, Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating pathology, Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating genetics, Middle Aged, Biomarkers, Tumor genetics, Biomarkers, Tumor analysis, Female, Salivary Gland Neoplasms pathology, Salivary Gland Neoplasms genetics
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Purpose: This study aimed to conduct a systematic review summarizing the clinicopathological, prognostic, and molecular features of salivary gland intraductal carcinoma (SGIC)., Methods: This study followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was registered in the PROSPERO database. It included case reports, case series studies, and cohort studies of SGIC indexed in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases published between 1983 and 2024. Collected variables underwent descriptive analysis, association analysis using Fisher's tests, and Kaplan-Meier analysis. The quality assessment of the included studies was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute tools., Results: This systematic review yielded 59 studies, comprising 186 SGIC cases. Most of cases involved the parotid gland of male patients around 60 years old. Lesions predominantly exhibited noninvasive growth, an intercalated duct phenotype, and minimal pleomorphism. Most of the patients did not develop recurrent or metastatic disease, indicating a good prognosis. However, male sex, invasive lesions, adjuvant treatments, high-grade lesions, as well as lymph node or distant metastasis negatively affected the survival rates. Overall SGIC cases showed S100, mammaglobin, SOX10, AR, CK7, p63, calponin, CK14, SMA, and p40 positivity and a low Ki67 index. Common molecular alterations included NCOA4-RET, TRIM33-RET, and TRIM27-RET fusions, and HRAS, PIK3CA, and BRAF V600E mutations., Conclusion: SGIC is a histopathologically and molecularly heterogeneous lesion with an overall excellent prognosis. The presence of invasive lesions, as well as lymph node or distant metastasis, has emerged as one of the most critical prognostic factors in SGIC patients., Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.) more...
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- 2024
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12. Disease Severity Staging System for NOTCH3-Associated Small Vessel Disease, Including CADASIL.
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Gravesteijn G, Rutten JW, Cerfontaine MN, Hack RJ, Liao YC, Jolly AA, Guey S, Hsu SL, Park JY, Yuan Y, Kopczak A, Rifino N, Neilson SJ, Poggesi A, Shourav MMI, Saito S, Ishiyama H, Domínguez Mayoral A, Nogueira R, Muiño E, Andersen P, De Stefano N, Santo G, Sukhonpanich N, Mele F, Park A, Lee JS, Rodríguez-Girondo M, Vonk SJJ, Brodtmann A, Börjesson-Hanson A, Pantoni L, Fernández-Cadenas I, Silva AR, Montanaro VVA, Kalaria RN, Lopergolo D, Ihara M, Meschia JF, Muir KW, Bersano A, Pescini F, Duering M, Choi JC, Ling C, Kim H, Markus HS, Chabriat H, Lee YC, and Lesnik Oberstein SAJ more...
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Importance: Typical cysteine-altering NOTCH3 (NOTCH3cys) variants are highly prevalent (approximately 1 in 300 individuals) and are associated with a broad spectrum of small vessel disease (SVD), ranging from early-onset stroke and dementia (cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy [CADASIL]) to nonpenetrance. A staging system that captures the full NOTCH3-SVD severity spectrum is needed and currently lacking., Objective: To design a simple disease severity staging system that captures the broad clinicoradiological NOTCH3-SVD severity spectrum., Design, Setting, and Participants: A cohort study was performed in which the NOTCH3-SVD severity staging system was developed using a discovery cohort (2019-2020) and validated in independent international CADASIL cohorts (1999-2023) and the UK Biobank. Clinical and imaging data were collected from participants originating from 23 international CADASIL cohorts and from the UK Biobank. Eligibility criteria were presence of a NOTCH3cys variant, availability of brain magnetic resonance imaging, and modified Rankin Scale score. The discovery cohort consisted of 195 NOTCH3cys-positive cases from families with CADASIL; the validation set included 1713 NOTCH3cys-positive cases from 15 countries. The UK Biobank cohort consisted of 101 NOTCH3cys-positive individuals. Data from 2-year (2019-2023) and 18-year (1999-2017) follow-up studies were also analyzed. Data analysis was performed from July 2023 to August 2024., Main Outcomes and Measures: Percentage of cases following the sequence of events of the NOTCH3-SVD stages, and the association between the stages and ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, global cognition, processing speed, brain volume, brain microstructural damage, and serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) level., Results: The NOTCH3-SVD staging system encompasses 9 disease stages or substages, ranging from stage 0 (premanifest stage) to stage 4B (end stage). Of all 1908 cases, which included 195 in the discovery cohort (mean [SD] age, 52.4 [12.2] years) and 1713 in the validation cohorts (mean [SD] age, 53.1 [13.0] years), 1789 (94%) followed the sequence of events defined by the NOTCH3-SVD staging system. The NOTCH3-SVD stages were associated with neuroimaging outcomes in the NOTCH3cys-positive cases in the CADASIL cohorts and in the UK Biobank and with cognitive outcomes and serum NfL level in cases from the CADASIL cohorts. The NOTCH3-SVD staging system captured disease progression and was associated with 18-year survival., Conclusions and Relevance: The NOTCH3-SVD staging system captures the full disease spectrum, from asymptomatic individuals with a NOTCH3cys variant to patients with end-stage disease. The NOTCH3-SVD staging system is a simple but effective tool for uniform disease staging in the clinic and in research. more...
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- 2024
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13. Analysis of anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustment in women of different age groups using surface electromyography.
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Moura LA, Scardovelli TA, Fernandes da Silva AR, da Palma Valério M, Barreto Campos H, de Camargo MLA, Moraes IT, Martini SC, da Silva Boschi SRM, de Oliveira Gonzalez T, and Pereira da Silva A
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- Humans, Female, Adult, Aged, Young Adult, Posture, Aging physiology, Middle Aged, Movement, Age Factors, Lower Extremity physiology, Electromyography methods, Postural Balance physiology, Muscle, Skeletal physiology
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Postural balance is crucial for daily activities, relying on the coordination of sensory systems. Balance impairment, common in the elderly, is a leading cause of mortality in this population. To analyze balance, methods like postural adjustment analysis using electromyography (EMG) have been developed. With age, women tend to experience reduced mobility and greater muscle loss compared to men. However, few studies have focused on postural adjustments in women of different ages using EMG of the lower limbs during laterolateral and anteroposterior movements. This gap could reveal a decrease in muscle activation time with aging, as activation time is vital for postural adjustments. This study aimed to analyze muscle activation times in women of different ages during postural adjustments. Thirty women were divided into two groups: young and older women. A controlled biaxial force platform was used for static and dynamic balance tests while recording lower limb muscle activity using EMG. Data analysis focused on identifying muscle activation points and analyzing postural adjustment times. Results showed significant differences in muscle activation times between the two groups across various muscles and platform tilt conditions. Younger women had longer muscle activation times than older women, particularly during laterolateral platform inclinations. In anteroposterior movements, older women exhibited longer activation times compared to their laterolateral performance, with fewer differences between the groups. Overall, older women had shorter muscle activation times than younger women, suggesting a potential indicator of imbalance and increased fall risk., (© 2024 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.) more...
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- 2024
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14. Accumulation of lipid droplets induced by Listeria monocytogenes in macrophages: implications for survival and evasion of innate immunity.
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Pereira-Dutra FS, Souza EK, Souza TS, Goltara-Gomes TC, Ferraro-Moreira F, Palhinha L, Cunha-Fernandes T, Rajão MA, Silva AR, and Bozza PT
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- Animals, Mice, Immune Evasion, Listeriosis immunology, Listeriosis metabolism, Listeriosis microbiology, Microbial Viability, Hemolysin Proteins metabolism, Mice, Inbred C57BL, RAW 264.7 Cells, Bacterial Toxins immunology, Bacterial Toxins metabolism, Heat-Shock Proteins, Listeria monocytogenes immunology, Macrophages immunology, Macrophages metabolism, Macrophages microbiology, Lipid Droplets metabolism, Lipid Droplets immunology, Immunity, Innate
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Listeriosis, caused by Listeria monocytogenes (L.m.), poses a significant public health concern as one of the most severe foodborne diseases. The pathogenesis of L.m. involves critical steps such as phagosome rupture and escape upon internalization. Throughout infection, L.m. influences various host processes, including lipid metabolism pathways, yet the role of lipid droplets (LDs) remains unclear. Here, we reported a rapid, time-dependent increase in LD formation in macrophages induced by L.m. LD biogenesis was found to be dependent on L.m. viability and virulence genes, particularly on the activity of the pore-forming protein listeriolysin O (LLO). The prevention of LD formation by inhibiting diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) significantly reduced intracellular bacterial survival, impaired prostaglandin E2 synthesis, and decreased interleukin-10 production. Additionally, inhibiting LD formation led to increased levels of tumor necrosis factor α and interferon β. Collectively, our data suggest a role for LDs in promoting L.m. cell survival and evasion within macrophages., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement. None declared., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for Leukocyte Biology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.) more...
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- 2024
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15. The conserved active site aspartate residue is required for the function of the chloroplast atypical kinase ABC1K1.
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Turquand M, Justo Da Silva AR, Pralon T, Longoni F, Kessler F, and Collombat J
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Introduction: The Arabidopsis abc1k1/pgr6 (Activity of BC1 complex/proton regulation 6) mutant is characterized by photosynthetic and conditional developmental phenotypes triggered by stressful red as well as high light. The Arabidopsis ABC1-like kinases belong to the atypical kinase family and contain conserved ATP-binding and hydrolysis motifs, but their physiological requirement has never been investigated., Methods: By mutation to asparagine, we demonstrate that the highly conserved active site aspartate residue within ATP-binding motif VIIb is required for the physiological functions of ABC1K1., Results: Complementation of the abc1k1 knock out mutant with ABC1K1 D400N, failed to restore the wildtype phenotype., Discussion: These results provide in vivo evidence for a critical role of the active site aspartate residue (D400) of ABC1K1., Competing Interests: Author TP was employed by company CDC-LAB. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Turquand, Justo Da Silva, Pralon, Longoni, Kessler and Collombat.) more...
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- 2024
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16. Investigating the safety of photobiomodulation in oral carcinogenesis: insights into cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis via the 4NQO model.
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Schuch LF, Campagnol D, Schmidt TR, Michel CHT, Garcez TNA, Velho VR, Wagner VP, Castilho RM, Silveira FM, Bologna-Molina R, Martins MAT, Danilevicz CK, Santos-Silva AR, Vargas PA, and Martins MD
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- Animals, Rats, Male, Low-Level Light Therapy methods, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 metabolism, Disease Models, Animal, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Apoptosis radiation effects, Cell Proliferation radiation effects, Mouth Neoplasms pathology, Mouth Neoplasms radiotherapy, Rats, Wistar, 4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide, Carcinogenesis radiation effects, Carcinogenesis pathology
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The present investigation aimed to assess the safety of photobiomodulation (PBM) on the oral carcinogenesis process induced by 4NQO, focusing on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Sixty-six Wistar rats received systemic 4NQO for 12 (n = 33) and 20 weeks (n = 33), divided into Control group, PBM 0.3 J, and PBM 1 J. Applications for PBM occurred three times a week. At weeks 12 and 20, the animals were euthanized. The immunoreactivity for anti-ROS1 and anti-p53 antibodies was also assessed. Statistical analysis was assessed by multiple t-tests, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman's correlation. At 12 weeks, PBM 1 J group had nodular lesions, distinct from control and PBM 0.3 J groups (p = 0.005). At 20 weeks, nodular lesions were common in control and PBM 0.3 J groups. Histopathological characteristics did not significantly differ between groups at 12 (p = 0.30) and 20 weeks (p = 0.58). Epithelial dysplasia (n = 21) was common at 12 weeks. After 20 weeks, most of the cases revealed squamous cell carcinoma (n = 24). No differences were observed in the immunostaining of p53 and ROS1 among the control and experimental groups and there was no correlation of these proteins with clinicopathological data. During the carcinogenesis process, the PBM did not modify the development of oral lesions and the expression of proliferative and apoptosis proteins., Competing Interests: Declarations Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s).) more...
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- 2024
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17. Effects of nanocapsules containing lumefantrine and artemether in an experimental model of cerebral malaria.
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de Moraes BPT, da Silva KP, Paese K, Sinhorin AP, Guterres SS, Pohlmann AR, Moraes-de-Souza I, de Oliveira Rodrigues S, SouzaSouza KFCE, da Cunha CMC, de Almeida MAP, Bozza PT, de Castro-Faria-Neto HC, Silva AR, Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF, and Ferrarini SR more...
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Background: Malaria, a tropical neglected disease, imposes a significant burden on global health, leading to the loss of thousands of lives annually. Its gold standard treatment is a combination therapy of lumefantrine (LUM) and artemether (ART). Nanotechnology holds significant potential for improving drug bioavailability and potency while reducing adverse effects., Objectives: This study aimed to develop lipid-core nanocapsules containing ART and LUM and evaluate their effects in an experimental cerebral malaria model (ECM)., Methods: The polymeric interfacial deposition method was used to develop lipid-core nanocapsules (LNCs) containing ART and LUM (LNC
ARTLUM ) and were characterized using micrometric and nanometric scales. Male C57BL/6 mice were infected with Plasmodium (P.) berghei ANKA (PbA, 1 × 105 PbA-parasitized red blood cells, intraperitoneally). On day 5 post-infection, PbA-infected mice were orally administered with ART + LUM, LNCARTLUM , blank nanocapsules (LNCBL ), or ethanol as a control. Parasitemia, clinical scores, and survival rates were monitored throughout the experiment. Organ-to-body weight ratios, cytokine quantification, and intravital microscopy analyses were conducted on day 7 post-infection., Results: LNCs were successfully developed and characterized. The treatment with LNCARTLUM in ECM resulted in complete clearance of parasitemia at 10 dpi, decreased clinical scores, and maintained 100% survival rates. Thereated mice exhibited splenomegaly and reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, and MCP1 levels in the brain. Furthermore, the LNCARTLUM treatment protected the brain microvasculature, reducing the number of cells in the rolling process and adherent to the microvasculature endothelium., Conclusion: Nanoformulations can potentially improve the efficacy of antimalarial drugs and be considered a promising approach to treat malaria., Competing Interests: Declarations Competing interests The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2024. The Author(s).) more...- Published
- 2024
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18. Feline Infectious Peritonitis Effusion Index: A Novel Diagnostic Method and Validation of Flow Cytometry-Based Delta Total Nucleated Cells Analysis on the Sysmex XN-1000V ® .
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Lopes R, Sampaio F, Carvalho HL, Garcês A, Fernandes C, Neves CV, Brito AS, Marques T, Sousa C, Silva AR, Martins Â, Cardoso L, Coelho AC, and Duarte EL
- Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led the medical and scientific community to explore the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of coronaviruses. In felines, a widespread coronavirus known as feline coronavirus (FCoV) can lead to feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a highly fatal disease characterised by severe systemic inflammation. Diagnosing FCoV remains challenging due to the limited accuracy of the available methods. The present study introduces the FIP Effusion Index, a novel diagnostic method that combines the albumin-to-globulin (ALB/GLOB) ratio with the delta total nucleated cell (∆TNC) count obtained via flow cytometry using the Sysmex XN-1000V
® analyser in effusions. Samples from cats ( n = 50) with suspected FIP were analysed for ∆TNC, with findings showing that a ∆TNC ≥ 2.1 is highly indicative of FIP and a ∆TNC ≥ 4.9 can be considered diagnostic. The FIP Effusion Index enhanced diagnostic precision in our group of samples, achieving 96.3% sensitivity and 95.7% specificity for values ≥ 5.06, and reaching perfect specificity (100%) with 96.3% sensitivity for values ≥ 7.54. This combined approach surpasses the accuracy of individual parameters, establishing the FIP Effusion Index as a superior diagnostic tool for FIP, with potential applications in both veterinary and human medicine for related coronavirus diseases. more...- Published
- 2024
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19. Single essential oils and their binary mixtures protect against ethanol-induced defects in a zebrafish fetal alcohol spectrum disorder model at the same level as folic acid.
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Lima Silva AR, Silva MLSCD, Silva JFD, Falcão E Falcão KE, Marrs JA, Cadena MRS, and Cadena PG
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This study evaluated protective effects of clove (SEO), thyme white (TEO), oregano (OEO), and caraway (CEO) essential oils (EOs), and their binary mixtures, in a zebrafish fetal alcohol spectrum disorder model. Furthermore, folic acid (FA) was used for comparison as it had previously shown protection against ethanol (EtOH)-induced defects. The co-exposure of zebrafish embryos to EtOH (150 mM) and FA (75 μM) or EOs and their binary mixtures (0.5-1 mg/L) was carried out during 6 or 22 hours postfertilization (hpf). Different developmental endpoints (epiboly measurement, survival rate at 24 hpf, embryonic developmental progression measurement at 24 hpf, larval development at 48-96 hpf, and hatching rate at 72-96 hpf) were evaluated at 8-96 hpf. EtOH exposure reduced epiboly. Only FA and the SEO + TEO binary mixture protected against these defects, and SEO and TEO single exposure showed partial protection. Therefore, these groups were chosen for subsequent experiments. At 24 hpf, EtOH showed developmental delay and hatching rate was delayed at 72 hpf. FA, SEO, TEO, and SEO + TEO partially protected against these defects. This study supports the conclusion that FA partially protects against EtOH-induced defects. SEO and TEO single exposure partially protect against EtOH-induced defects. However, the binary mixture of SEO + TEO was more effective, showing similar efficacy as FA., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The Authors report no known competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) more...
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- 2024
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20. Correction to: MASCC/ISOO Clinical Practice Statement: Management of salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia in cancer patients.
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Hong C, Jensen SB, Vissink A, Bonomo P, Santos-Silva AR, Gueiros LA, Epstein JB, and Elad S
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- 2024
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21. Clinicopathologic characteristics of young patients with lip squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective study.
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Curioso PA, Correia-Neto IJ, Souza LL, Santos ED, Vargas PA, Santos-Silva AR, and Lopes MA
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- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Young Adult, Survival Rate, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell pathology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell mortality, Lip Neoplasms pathology, Lip Neoplasms mortality
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Background: This retrospective study investigates the clinicopathological features and outcomes of young and elderly patients diagnosed with lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC)., Material and Methods: Data from LSCC patients from Dr. Luiz Antonio Hospital in Natal, Brazil (2000-2015) were analyzed, grouping individuals below 40 and above 60 years old. Demographics, lifestyle habits, clinicopathologic characteristics, and treatment outcomes were examined using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Fisher's tests, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis., Results: A total of 47 patients was analyzed, being 20 younger and 27 older, finding significant age-related differences (p = < 0.0001). Although in both groups the tumor was more common in males, older patients had a higher rate of females (29.6%) (p=0.0358) and smoking (70.4%) (p = 0.0043) and underwent more modalities of treatments (p = 0.0027). There were no significant differences in the other analyzed clinicopathologic factors, and survival rates did not differ significantly, though younger patients showed slightly better survival metrics in univariate analysis., Conclusions: LSCC exhibits some distinct clinicopathological features across different age groups, with significant differences in treatment modalities and progression rates. Age-specific approaches may be required to optimize treatment outcomes. more...
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- 2024
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22. Histopathological risk assessment in multisite epithelial dysplasia: A meta-analysis.
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Ferraz DLF, Dos Santos ES, Pedroso CM, Silva BSF, Kujan O, Salo TA, Malki MI, Juteau S, Vargas PA, Lopes MA, and Santos-Silva AR
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- Humans, Risk Assessment, Precancerous Conditions pathology, Male, Anus Neoplasms pathology, Female, Neoplasm Grading, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic pathology, Penile Neoplasms pathology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms pathology, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local pathology, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia pathology, Mouth Neoplasms pathology
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Objective: Histopathological grading of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) is the current standard for stratifying cancer progression risk but is associated with subjectivity and variability. This problem is not commonly seen regarding the grading of epithelial dysplasia in other sites. This systematic review aims to compare grading systems for oral, anal, penile, and cervical epithelial dysplasia to determine their predictive accuracy for recurrence and malignant transformation (MT) outcomes., Methods: The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023403035) and was reported according to the PRISMA checklist. A comprehensive search was performed in the main databases and gray literature. The risk of bias in individual studies was analyzed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for each study design., Results: Forty-six studies were deemed eligible and included in this systematic review, of which 45 were included in the quantitative analysis. Meta-analysis revealed that the binary system demonstrated a higher predictive ability for MT/recurrence of OED compared to multilevel systems. Higher predictive accuracy of MT was also observed for binary grading systems in anal intraepithelial neoplasia., Conclusions: No significant difference was found between the current grading systems of epithelial dysplasia in different body parts. However, binary grading systems have shown better clinical outcomes., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.) more...
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- 2024
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23. Head and neck myofibroma: A case series of 16 cases and literature review.
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Souza LL, Fonseca FP, Cáceres CV, Soares CD, Gurgel AD, Rebelo Pontes HA, Corrêa Pontes FS, Paradela CA, Correia-Neto IJ, Kalinin Y, Lopes MA, Santos-Silva AR, Almeida OP, Vargas PA, Robinson L, and van-Heerden WF more...
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- Humans, Female, Male, Child, Adult, Child, Preschool, Adolescent, Young Adult, Infant, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Myofibroma pathology, Myofibroma diagnosis, Head and Neck Neoplasms pathology, Head and Neck Neoplasms diagnosis
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Background: This study aimed to explore the clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical characteristics of myofibromas (MFs) affecting the head and neck region., Material and Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of patients diagnosed with MFs in the head and neck were retrieved from the archives of three oral and maxillofacial pathology laboratories. Data including clinical, radiographic, microscopic and immunohistochemical findings, treatment employed, and follow-up status were retrieved from the patient's medical records or pathology reports., Results: Sixteen cases were included in the study. Females were slightly more affected than males. The first and second decades of life were more prevalent. The most common locations were the alveolar ridge and cheek. Although rare, some of the patients were presented with intraosseous lesions. Microscopically, tumors consisted of plump, spindle-shaped myofibroblasts arranged in whorls or fascicles with varying degrees of differentiation. Immunohistochemically, diffuse positivity for vimentin and α-SMA was observed, while Ki-67 mostly showed low immunoreactivity (<5%). Treatment primarily involved complete excision., Conclusions: MFs in the head and neck region are rare and predominantly affect female patients during the second decade of life. Despite their rarity, central MFs should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intraosseous lesions in infants. more...
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- 2024
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24. Skin pigmentation as landmark for arteriovenous fistula cannulation in hemodialysis.
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Pinto R, Ferreira E, Sousa C, Barros JP, Correia AL, Silva AR, Henriques A, Mata F, Salgueiro A, and Fernandes I
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- Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Longitudinal Studies, Treatment Outcome, Predictive Value of Tests, Catheterization adverse effects, Time Factors, Ultrasonography, Interventional, Risk Factors, Aged, 80 and over, Upper Extremity blood supply, Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical adverse effects, Renal Dialysis, Skin Pigmentation, Anatomic Landmarks
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Background: The cannulation of the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for hemodialysis (HD) has traditionally depended on the nurse's tactile sensation, which has been associated with suboptimal needle placement and detrimental effects on vascular access (VA) longevity. While the introduction of ultrasound (US) has proven beneficial in mapping the AVF outflow vein and assisting in cannulation planning, aneurysmal deformations remain a common occurrence resulting from various factors, including inadequate cannulation techniques. Within this context, the utilization of skin pigmentation as a clinical landmark has emerged as a potential approach to enhance cannulation planning in HD., Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was undertaken to investigate the correlation between the occurrence of venous morphological deformations and the cannulation technique guided by skin pigmentation after a 2-month period of implementation., Results: Thirty patients were enrolled in the study with 433 cannulations being described within the first 2 months of AVF use. The overall rate of cannulation-related adverse events was 21.9%. Comparative analysis demonstrated a statistically significant relationship ( p < 0.001) between aneurysmal deformation and non-compliance with the proposed cannulation technique, resulting in cannulation outside the designated points. Non-compliance was primarily attributed to nurse's decision (57.1%)., Conclusion: The integration of US mapping of the AVF outflow vein and the utilization of skin pigmentation as a guiding tool have shown promising results in enhancing cannulation planning over time. Consistent adherence to a cannulation technique other than the area technique has been found to reduce the risk of AVF morphological deformation. These findings underscore the potential benefits of incorporating skin pigmentation as a clinical landmark in cannulation practices, highlighting its ability to impact positively cannulation outcomes., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. more...
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- 2024
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25. The multidimensional impact of burning mouth syndrome on patients and their families.
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Santos-Silva AR and Villa A
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- 2024
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26. Local anesthesia nerve block for managing burning mouth syndrome: a scoping review.
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Calderipe CB, Kirschnick LB, Esteves-Pereira TC, Dos Santos ES, Vasconcelos ACU, Lopes MA, Treister NS, and Santos-Silva AR
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- Humans, Anesthesia, Local methods, Lidocaine administration & dosage, Burning Mouth Syndrome therapy, Nerve Block methods, Anesthetics, Local administration & dosage
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Objective: To assess the clinical scenarios in which nerve blocks are employed in the context of burning mouth syndrome (BMS)., Study Design: This scoping review followed the PRISMA-ScR. A protocol was generated on Open Science Framework. Electronic searches were performed in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS, and Cochrane, in addition to the grey literature and citations from Grémeau-Richard et al. (2010)., Results: Nerve blocks were used for treatment purposes in all cases. The mandibular nerve and the stellate ganglion were both blocked in 50% studies, while the maxillary nerve and lingual nerve were blocked in 25% study each. The anesthetics used were lidocaine (50%) and bupivacaine (50%). Relief was generally reported after immediate block, and at a mean follow-up of 4.5 weeks, there was considerable improvement compared to the initial conditions when the mandibular and/or maxillary nerve were targeted., Conclusions: The use of nerve blocks has been employed in the treatment of patients with refractory BMS. Clinical studies with standardized methodology are necessary to validate and understand the potential role of mandibular and maxillary nerve block in this setting., Competing Interests: DECLARATION OF COMPETING INTEREST None., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) more...
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- 2024
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27. Human oncogenic viruses: a focus on head and neck carcinogenesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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de Moraes ATL, Dos Santos ES, Pedroso CM, Gomes RT, Ferrarotto R, and Santos-Silva AR
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Objective: This systematic review aimed at identifying oncoviruses associated with head and neck malignant neoplasms (HNC)., Study Design: Five databases and grey literature sources were searched following PRISMA guidelines. The risk of bias in individual studies was analyzed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool., Results: One hundred and 19 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Gathered results of 57 studies were combined in a meta-analysis revealing a significant link between oncoviruses and the development of head and neck cancer, with the most common viruses identified were human papillomavirus (HPV)-16, HPV-18, and Epstein-Barr virus. More studies are needed to clarify the association of human cytomegalovirus and Merkel Cell Polyomavirus with HNC., Conclusions: Although the role of viruses in cancer onset has been studied for years, our results demonstrated using a meta-analysis that these viruses are associated with HNC., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) more...
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- 2024
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28. Brazilian Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine: current state of the study of rare diseases.
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Machado RA, Martelli DRB, Santos-Silva AR, and Martelli-Júnior H
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- 2024
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29. Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Accurate Classification of Myofibroblastic Lesions on Patch-Based Images.
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Giraldo-Roldán D, Dos Santos GC, Araújo ALD, Nakamura TCR, Pulido-Díaz K, Lopes MA, Santos-Silva AR, Kowalski LP, Moraes MC, and Vargas PA
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- Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted methods, Deep Learning, Sensitivity and Specificity, Head and Neck Neoplasms pathology, Head and Neck Neoplasms classification, Neural Networks, Computer
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Objective: This study aimed to implement and evaluate a Deep Convolutional Neural Network for classifying myofibroblastic lesions into benign and malignant categories based on patch-based images., Methods: A Residual Neural Network (ResNet50) model, pre-trained with weights from ImageNet, was fine-tuned to classify a cohort of 20 patients (11 benign and 9 malignant cases). Following annotation of tumor regions, the whole-slide images (WSIs) were fragmented into smaller patches (224 × 224 pixels). These patches were non-randomly divided into training (308,843 patches), validation (43,268 patches), and test (42,061 patches) subsets, maintaining a 78:11:11 ratio. The CNN training was caried out for 75 epochs utilizing a batch size of 4, the Adam optimizer, and a learning rate of 0.00001., Results: ResNet50 achieved an accuracy of 98.97%, precision of 99.91%, sensitivity of 97.98%, specificity of 99.91%, F1 score of 98.94%, and AUC of 0.99., Conclusions: The ResNet50 model developed exhibited high accuracy during training and robust generalization capabilities in unseen data, indicating nearly flawless performance in distinguishing between benign and malignant myofibroblastic tumors, despite the small sample size. The excellent performance of the AI model in separating such histologically similar classes could be attributed to its ability to identify hidden discriminative features, as well as to use a wide range of features and benefit from proper data preprocessing., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.) more...
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- 2024
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30. Authors' Reply: Oral Leukoplakia Treated With Laser and Scalpel: Interim Trial Results of Recurrence and Malignancy.
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Pedroso CM and Santos-Silva AR
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- 2024
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31. Development and Evaluation of a Convolutional Neural Network for Microscopic Diagnosis Between Pleomorphic Adenoma and Carcinoma Ex-Pleomorphic Adenoma.
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Sousa-Neto SS, Nakamura TCR, Giraldo-Roldan D, Dos Santos GC, Fonseca FP, de Cáceres CVBL, Rangel ALCA, Martins MD, Martins MAT, Gabriel AF, Zanella VG, Santos-Silva AR, Lopes MA, Kowalski LP, Araújo ALD, Moraes MC, and Vargas PA more...
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Aims: To develop a model capable of distinguishing carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma from pleomorphic adenoma using a convolutional neural network architecture., Methods and Results: A cohort of 83 Brazilian patients, divided into carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (n = 42) and pleomorphic adenoma (n = 41), was used for training a convolutional neural network. The whole-slide images were annotated and fragmented into 743 869 (carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenomas) and 211 714 (pleomorphic adenomas) patches, measuring 224 × 224 pixels. Training (80%), validation (10%), and test (10%) subsets were established. The Residual Neural Network (ResNet)-50 was chosen for its recognition and classification capabilities. The training and validation graphs, and parameters derived from the confusion matrix, were evaluated. The loss curve recorded 0.63, and the accuracy reached 0.93. Evaluated parameters included specificity (0.88), sensitivity (0.94), precision (0.96), F1 score (0.95), and area under the curve (0.97)., Conclusions: The study underscores the potential of ResNet-50 in the microscopic diagnosis of carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma. The developed model demonstrated strong learning potential, but exhibited partial limitations in generalization, as indicated by the validation curve. In summary, the study established a promising baseline despite limitations in model generalization. This indicates the need to refine methodologies, investigate new models, incorporate larger datasets, and encourage inter-institutional collaboration for comprehensive studies in salivary gland tumors., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.) more...
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- 2024
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32. Oral/Perioral Reactions to Injectable Soft Tissue Fillers: A Clinicopathological Multicentric Study.
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Pires FR, Said AMT, Netto JNS, da Cruz Perez DE, Bonan PRF, Martins HDD, Kaminagakura E, Alves FA, Martelli Júnior H, Machado RA, Lopes MA, Santos-Silva AR, Vargas PA, Louredo BVR, Vega-Memije ME, Cano-Aguilar LE, Toussaint-Caire S, Monteiro MDS, Fonseca TC, Romañach MJ, Abrahão AC, Aguirre-Urizar JM, Lafuente Ibáñez-de-Mendoza I, Olmedo-Campos M, and Mosqueda-Taylor A more...
- Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of a series of oral reactions to injectable soft tissue fillers., Materials and Methods: Cases diagnosed as oral reactions to injectable soft tissue fillers were selected from eight Pathology laboratories. Information was retrieved from the laboratory charts and from the review of the hematoxylin and eosin-stained histological slides., Results: The 151 patients showed a mean age of 54.9 years, and 136 (90.1%) were females. Mean time of onset was 20.4 months, and the lips were the most frequent location (72.8%). Most cases presented as asymptomatic isolated nodules, with a mean size of 17.4 mm. Silicone (38.5%), polymethylmetacrylate (33%), and hyaluronic acid (11.9%) were the three most common fillers. Granulomas, foamy macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells were observed in 44%, 51.5%, and 65.3% of the cases, respectively. Time of onset was shorter for males (p = 0.033), and symptoms were common in the upper lip, buccal mucosa, and lower vestibule (p = 0.010). Foamy macrophages were more common in association with silicone and collagen (p < 0.001), whereas multinucleated giant cells were more common in association with polymethylmetacrylate, hydroxiapatite, and polylactic acid (p = 0.012)., Conclusion: Clinicians should consider reactions to injectable soft tissue fillers when evaluating asymptomatic submucosal nodules affecting the lips of adult/older females., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.) more...
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- 2024
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33. Yellowish nodule at the midline of the maxillary vestibule in a man.
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Corrêa Santos B, Bezerra HKF, Vargas PA, Santos-Silva AR, and Lopes MA
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Competing Interests: Disclosures None of the authors reported any disclosures.
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- 2024
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34. Underexplored Areas of Photobiomodulation in Oral Oncology: An Expert Analysis.
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Gueiros LA, Gobbo M, Santos-Silva AR, Merigo E, Miranda-Silva W, Fregnani ER, Ottaviani G, Kauark-Fontes E, Bensadoun RJ, and Arany P
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- Humans, Trismus radiotherapy, Trismus etiology, Mouth Neoplasms radiotherapy, Xerostomia etiology, Xerostomia radiotherapy, Stomatitis radiotherapy, Stomatitis etiology, Deglutition Disorders radiotherapy, Deglutition Disorders etiology, Dysgeusia etiology, Low-Level Light Therapy
- Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to review the current body of literature on underexplored areas of photobiomodulation (PBM) for preventing and/or treating oral adverse events. Background: Recent studies suggest that PBM may offer potential benefits in managing cancer-related toxicities other than oral mucositis. Nevertheless, further research to establish conclusive evidence is still missing. Methods: A panel of specialists conducted a narrative review to evaluate the evidence on PBM therapy for oral mucositis, xerostomia, dysgeusia, dysphagia, and trismus/fibrosis. Each topic was reviewed by two specialists who discussed treatment rationale, summarized current evidence, evaluated risk/benefit ratio, and identified future research directions. Results: The current evidence suggests promising outcomes in nonroutine uses of PBM for xerostomia, dysgeusia, odynophagia, oral mucositis (extraoral PBM and the pediatric population), and trismus/fibrosis. However, the primary studies are often small and may have biases that require further evaluation, particularly regarding treatment safety. Conclusion: Despite the overall positive impression of PBM therapy for oral adverse events of cancer treatment, robust evidence from large multicentered studies is necessary to support its widespread clinical use. more...
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- 2024
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35. Towards an optimal design of acoustic Luneburg lenses.
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da Silva AR and Duarte VM
- Abstract
Although the concept of acoustic Luneburg lenses was first proposed more than 50 years ago, its physical realization became feasible only in the last decade, owing to advancements in metamaterials research. Since then, numerous studies have explored the potential of these devices from the acoustic perspective. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms associated with the optimal performance of these lenses remains underexplored in the literature. This study conducts numerical investigations to identify parameters enhancing acoustic gain in Luneburg lenses. The analyses are conducted with the results obtained from a flattened Luneburg lens model based on the lattice Boltzmann method. Results, scaled with the Helmholtz number, He, indicate that the maximum acoustic gain occurs at He = 1.3, with performance sustained over a wide range of Helmholtz values. Analysis of surface impedance reveals underperformance for Helmholtz values below 0.5 due to viscous dissipation and above 2.0 due to Bragg reflections. These results provide a basis for evaluating the Helmholtz parameters that optimize the acoustic gain of Luneburg lenses., (© 2024 Acoustical Society of America.) more...
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- 2024
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36. Oral leukoplakia treated with laser and scalpel: Interim trial results of recurrence and malignancy.
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de Pauli Paglioni M, Faustino ISP, Pedroso CM, Martins MD, Vargas PA, Lopes MA, and Santos-Silva AR
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- Humans, Mouth Neoplasms surgery, Mouth Neoplasms radiotherapy, Female, Middle Aged, Male, Leukoplakia, Oral surgery, Laser Therapy methods, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
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- 2024
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37. Barriers to early diagnosis and management of oral cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Martínez-Ramírez J, Saldivia-Siracusa C, González-Pérez LV, Cuadra Zelaya FJM, Gerber-Mora R, Cabrera OFG, Bologna-Molina R, Gilligan G, Delgado-Azañero W, Rajendra Santosh AB, González-Arriagada WA, Villarroel-Dorrego M, Rojas BV, Gallagher KPD, Tager EMJR, Aranda-Romo S, García-Heredia GL, Garcia EC, Hurtado I, Turcios CA, Espinal LPS, González RAM, Prado Ribeiro AC, Ribeiro-Rotta RF, Kowalski LP, Curado MP, Toporcov TN, Sollecito TP, Carvalho AL, Lopes MA, Warnakulasuriya S, and Santos-Silva AR more...
- Subjects
- Humans, Latin America, Cross-Sectional Studies, Caribbean Region, Surveys and Questionnaires, Telemedicine, Female, Health Services Accessibility, Male, Referral and Consultation, Adult, Attitude of Health Personnel, Mouth Neoplasms diagnosis, Mouth Neoplasms therapy, Early Detection of Cancer
- Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to explore perceived barriers to early diagnosis and management of oral cancer, as well as potential pathways for improvement in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)., Methods: This cross-sectional study used a self-administered online questionnaire created via the Research Electronic Data Capture platform. The survey was distributed to health professionals trained in Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Dentists with clinical and academic expertise in oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) and oral cancer. Data obtained were systematically organized and analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel., Results: Twenty-three professionals from 21 LAC countries participated. Major barriers included the limited implementation of OPMD and oral cancer control plans (17.4%), low compulsory reporting for OPMD (8.7%) and oral cancer (34.8%), unclear referral pathways for OPMD (34.8%) and oral cancer (43.5%), and a shortage of trained professionals (8.7%). Participants endorsed the utility of online education (100%) and telemedicine (91.3%)., Conclusion: The survey highlights major perceived barriers to early diagnosis and management of OPMD and oral cancer in LAC, as well as potential avenues for improvement., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.) more...
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- 2024
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38. Cryopreservation and passaging optimization for Galea spixii (Wagler, 1831) adult skin fibroblast lines: A step forward in species management and genetic studies.
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Aquino LVC, Olindo SL, Silva YLFE, Oliveira LRM, Moura YBF, Rodrigues ALR, Praxedes ÉA, Oliveira MF, Silva AR, and Pereira AF
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- Oxidative Stress, Cell Survival, Cell Line, Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, Humans, Cryopreservation methods, Fibroblasts metabolism, Fibroblasts cytology, Skin cytology, Skin metabolism
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Background: In vitro culture of fibroblasts is a technique based on cell isolation, physiological characterization, and cryopreservation. This technique has not been described for Galea spixii, therefore, it can be used to learn about its cellular biology and genetic diversity., Objective: We established fibroblast lines of six G. spixii individuals from several passages (second, fifth, eighth, and tenth) and cryopreserved them., Methods: Fibroblasts recovered from skin biopsies were identified based on morphology, immunocytochemistry, and karyotyping. The cells were analyzed for morphology, ultrastructure, viability, proliferation, metabolism, oxidative stress, bioenergetic potential, and apoptosis before and after cryopreservation., Results: After the eighth passage, the fibroblasts showed morphological and karyotypic changes, although their viability, metabolism, and proliferation did not change. An increase in oxidative stress and bioenergetic potential from the fifth to the eighth passages were also observed. Post cryopreservation, cell damage with respect to the ultrastructure, viability, proliferative rate, apoptotic levels, oxidative stress, and bioenergetic potential were verified., Conclusion: Fibroblasts up to the tenth passage could be cultured in vitro. However, cells at the fifth passage were of better quality to be used for reproductive techniques. Additionally, optimization of the cryopreservation protocol is essential to improve the physiological parameters of these cells., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare having no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.) more...
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- 2024
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39. Repeated Administration of a Full-Spectrum Cannabidiol Product, Not a Cannabidiol Isolate, Reverses the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depressive-Like Behavior and Hypolocomotion in a Rat Model of Low-Grade Subchronic Inflammation.
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Ribeiro de Novais Júnior L, Vicente da Silva T, da Silva LM, Metzker de Andrade F, da Silva AR, Meneguzzo V, de Souza Ramos S, Michielin Lopes C, Bernardo Saturnino A, Inserra A, and de Bitencourt RM
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Background: Mounting evidence suggests that the phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) holds promise as an antidepressant agent in conditions underlined by inflammation. Full-spectrum CBD extracts might provide greater behavioral efficacy than CBD-only isolates and might require lower doses to achieve the same outcomes due to the presence of other cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. However, investigations in this area remain limited. Methods: We evaluated the behavioral response to the administration for 7 days of 15 and 30 mg/kg of a CBD isolate and a full-spectrum CBD product in a rat model of subchronic lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.5 mg/kg/day/7 days, intraperitoneal)-induced depressive-like and sickness behavior. The forced swim test was used to assess depressive-like behavior, the open field test (OFT) to assess locomotion, and the elevated plus maze to assess anxiety-like behavior. Results: The full-spectrum CBD extract at both doses, but not the CBD isolate, reversed the LPS-induced depressive-like behavior in the forced swim test. Moreover, the full-spectrum CBD extract at the higher dose but not the CBD isolate restored the subchronic LPS-induced hypolocomotion in the OFT. Repeated administration of both formulations elicited an anxiogenic-like trend in the elevated plus maze. Conclusion: Full-spectrum CBD products might have greater therapeutic efficacy in resolving inflammation-induced depressive and sickness behavior compared to a CBD-only isolate. more...
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- 2024
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40. Head and Neck Cancer in Pan-American Notable People: An International Survey.
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Martínez-Ramírez J, Saldivia-Siracusa C, Pérez-de-Oliveira ME, Normando AGC, Kowalski LP, Curado MP, Arboleda LPA, Prado-Ribeiro AC, González-Pérez LV, Fernandes GA, Cuadra-Zelaya FJM, Vargas PA, Lopes MA, Magalhaes MAO, Sankar V, Villa A, and Santos-Silva AR more...
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Background: The study of notable people as advocates for raising cancer awareness began in the latter decades of the 20th century. This research aimed to identify Pan-American notable people with head and neck cancer (HNC) and to explore senior health professionals' perspectives on communicating stories of notable patients with HNC to promote prevention. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using an online questionnaire designed in REDCap and administered to 32 senior health professionals with long-standing academic and clinical backgrounds in HNC. In addition, a structured literature review was performed on PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS, and gray literature. Results: 18 notable figures were successfully identified from the survey, and 24 from the literature review. These individuals came from the United States, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, El Salvador, Chile, Colombia, and Peru, and were recognized primarily for their performances as actors, artists, musicians, and athletes. The professionals' outlooks were positive, with 31 (96.9%) agreeing that disseminating these stories can contribute to reducing risk behaviors. Furthermore, all participants (100%) agreed that such stories can promote early detection of HNC, primarily through social media, followed by the internet, and television. Conclusions: The study identified notable individuals and gathered positive perspectives from professionals. Our results suggest that notable people could serve as potential advocates for HNC prevention. Further research is warranted to explore the potential of this prevention strategy. more...
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- 2024
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41. Brazilian Society of Oral Medicine (Stomatology) and Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology: half-century of collaboration with the AAOM and the AAOMP.
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Santos-Silva AR, Ribeiro ACP, Esteves-Pereira TC, Simonato LE, Lopes MA, and Vargas PA
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- 2024
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42. Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of conventional and unicystic canalicular adenoma: a case series.
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Aquino SN, Bezerra HKF, Louredo BVR, Amaral-Silva GKD, Gaetti-Jardim EC, Antunes DM, Santos-Silva AR, Lopes MA, and Vargas PA
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Objective: To describe a well-documented series of 10 new cases of conventional and unicystic canalicular adenoma (CAD)., Study Design: This was a retrospective study in which the original hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical slides of all cases of CAD diagnosed between 2014 and 2024 were re-evaluated. Clinical data regarding age, gender, clinical presentation, evolution time, and related symptoms were retrieved from the patients' medical records., Results: Ten CADs were identified. Most patients were female (n = 6), with a mean age of 61.2 years. Most tumors presented as a solitary asymptomatic nodule, particularly on the upper lip (n = 7), and two patients reported slight pain or sensitivity. All tumors were well-delimited with a connective tissue capsule. A bosselated or lobulated appearance and cystic formation were observed in all cases. Other features were also observed, such as solid areas, clear cells, beading, morules, and pseudostratification. Eight cases were classified as conventional and two as unicystic. All cases were positive for CK7, S100 protein, and SOX10, while negative for p40 and p63., Conclusions: This paper described 10 additional cases of CAD, with classic and uncommon microscopic findings, including unicystic. We highlighted the importance of an immunohistochemical panel in differentiating CAD from other salivary gland tumors., Competing Interests: DECLARATIONS OF INTEREST None., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) more...
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- 2024
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43. Estimating the burden of care for oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer in Brazilian dental practice.
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Paiva JP, Jorge J, Santos ES, Migowski A, Cohen-Goldemberg D, Kowalski LP, Brandão TB, Ribeiro AC, Lopes MA, Vargas PA, Silva EA, Warnakulasuriya S, and Santos-Silva AR
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- Humans, Brazil epidemiology, Prevalence, Cost of Illness, Precancerous Conditions epidemiology, Mouth Neoplasms epidemiology
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Background: Oral cancer (OC) and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) pose significant challenges to public health in Brazil. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of oral cancer (OC) and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) among patients who would be treated by Brazilian dentists during their careers., Material and Methods: Data on the number of dentists in Brazil were extracted from the 2022 census data, while incidence rates for OC cases were sourced from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA). Population estimates for Brazil and data on dental check-up rates were obtained from relevant national sources., Results: Our analysis indicates that a general dentist in Brazil can expect to encounter on average two to three OC patients and on average 675 patients with OPMDs over a 35-year career. Regional disparities were observed, with certain regions showing higher than the average number of encounters due to low density of dentists in some rural districts., Conclusions: Brazilian dentists are likely to confront a substantial number of OC and OPMD cases during their professional tenure, emphasizing the need for public health policies aimed at enhancing dental surgeons' education in oral cancer prevention and early detection. more...
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- 2024
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44. The emerging meanings of spirituality in oral medicine practice.
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Santos-Silva AR and Bernabé DG
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- Humans, Oral Medicine, Spirituality
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- 2024
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45. Synergistic effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and base-medium on in vitro culture of testicular tissue derived from prepubertal collared peccary.
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Silva AMD, Pereira AG, Bezerra LGP, Brasil AV, Pereira AF, de Oliveira MF, Rodrigues APR, Ñaupas LVS, Comizzoli P, and Silva AR
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- Male, Animals, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Carica, Tissue Culture Techniques methods, Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor pharmacology, Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor metabolism, Testis cytology, Testis drug effects, Cell Survival drug effects, Culture Media pharmacology, Culture Media chemistry
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We evaluated the influence of different media plus various concentrations of Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) during the in vitro culture (IVC) of testicular tissues from prepubertal collared peccary. Testes from 5 individuals were collected, fragmented and cultured for 28 days (34°C and 5% CO
2 ). Culture media were Dulbecco's modified essential medium (DMEM) or stem cell serum free media (StemPro-34™ SFM), both supplemented with various concentrations of GDNF (0, 10, or 20 ng/mL). Fragments were cultured on the flat surface of 0.75% agarose gel and were evaluated every 7 days for fragment area, histomorphology, cellular viability, and proliferative activity. Data were expressed as mean ± standard error and analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis's and Tukey test. Fragments area decreased over the 28 days-culture, regardless of the treatment. For morphology, the StemPro-37 SFM medium plus 10 ng/mL GDNF provided higher scores at all time points in comparison to DMEM using any GDNF concentration (p < .05). After 28 days, similar cellular viability (~70%) was observed in all treatments (p > .05). For proliferating cell nuclear antigen assay, only DMEM plus 10 ng/mL GDNF improved (p < .05) cellular proliferation on Days 14 and 28. Looking at argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions, after 28 days, there were no differences among treatments regarding cell proliferative capacity for both spermatogonia and Sertoli cells (p > .05). In summary, the DMEM and StemPro-34 SFM are adequate medium for IVC of prepubertal peccary testicular tissue. Supplementation with GDNF, especially at a 10 ng/mL concentration, appears to be essential for the maintenance of cell survival and proliferation., (© 2024 International Federation of Cell Biology.) more...- Published
- 2024
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46. Evaluating AI models in head and neck cancer research: the use of NCI data by ChatGPT 3.5, ChatGPT 4.0, Google Bard, and Bing Chat.
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de Souza LL, Santos-Silva AR, Hagag A, Alzahem A, Vargas PA, and Lopes MA
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- Humans, Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute (U.S.), United States, Artificial Intelligence, Head and Neck Neoplasms
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- 2024
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47. Prevalence of oral diseases in patients under palliative care: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Silva M, Santos ES, Pedroso CM, Epstein JB, Santos-Silva AR, and Kowalski LP
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- Humans, Prevalence, Quality of Life, Male, Female, Aged, Palliative Care methods, Mouth Diseases epidemiology, Mouth Diseases etiology
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Purpose: Oral alterations are frequently observed in patients undergoing palliative care and are linked to the direct or indirect effects of the primary medical condition, comorbidities and medical management, leading to oral pain, impacting oral intake, and affecting quality of life. This systematic review aims to assess the prevalence of oral disease in palliative care patients., Methods: The protocol was registered at the PROSPERO database, and a systematic review of the literature was performed based on the PRISMA statement. A thorough evaluation of studies from five databases and gray literature was conducted. The risk of bias in each study was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for cross-sectional and case-control studies. A quantitative analysis was conducted on five studies using meta-analysis, and the degree of certainty in the evidence was determined using the GRADE tool., Results: The sample consisted of 2,502 patients, with a slight male predominance (50.43%). The average age was 66.92 years. The prevalence of oral diseases among palliative care patients was as follows: caries 32% (95% CI, 0.11-0.56; I
2 = 93%), and oral candidiasis 17% (95% CI,0.11-0.25; I2 = 74%). Gingivitis and stomatitis were also reported, but with less frequency., Conclusion: Dental intervention should take place as early as possible, ideally from the time of the patient's initial admission to palliative care, with regular monitoring of oral health. This approach can enhance the patient's comfort and quality of life and help prevent more severe complications in the future., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.) more...- Published
- 2024
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48. Surgical protocols for oral leukoplakia and precancerous lesions across three different anatomic sites.
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Pedroso CM, do Santos ES, Alves FA, Martins MD, Kowalski LP, Lopes MA, Warnakulasuriya S, Villa A, and Santos-Silva AR
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Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the risk of recurrence and cancer progression after surgical treatment for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and precancerous lesions in different anatomical sites., Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in nine databases and grey literature. We included randomized controlled trials assessing surgical treatment efficacy for OPMD and precancerous lesions of cervical, vaginal, anal, and penile sites. Excision or ablation surgical treatments were considered., Results: Overall, 12 studies met the eligibility criteria for oral leukoplakia (OL), proliferative verrucous leukoplakia, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia, and anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). In qualitative analysis of surgical protocols, the lack of margin description impacts the clinical outcomes of OL and AIN, and the ablative protocols were heterogeneous in both OPMD and precancerous lesions. No significant difference in OL (risk ratio 0.82 [95% CI: 0.59-1.15]) and CIN (risk ratio 0.31 [95% CI: 0.09-1.09]) for recurrence was observed when cold-knife was compared with ablative protocols. OL exhibited higher recurrence and cancer progression rates compared to CIN and AIN., Conclusion: There is no difference in recurrence risk post-surgical treatment for OL and CIN. Surgical protocols for oral leukoplakia and CIN/AIN lack standardized approaches., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.) more...
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- 2024
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49. Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Acute Oral Toxicity of Saline Extract and Protein-Rich Fraction from Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves.
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Alves RRV, de Oliveira AM, Dos Prazeres GB, da Silva AR, Costa FF, Barros BRDS, Souza TGDS, Coelho LCBB, de Melo CML, Ferreira MRA, Soares LAL, Chagas CA, Macedo MLR, Napoleão TH, Fernandes MP, and Paiva PMG more...
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Moringa oleifera Lam. (horseradish tree) leaves demonstrate high nutritional value, are rich in proteins, and are widely used in folk medicine and food. This study investigated the presence of secondary metabolites and antinutritional proteins in leaf extract (LE) and the protein-rich fraction (PRF) derived from M. oleifera leaves, as well as the cytotoxicity to human cells, hemolytic activity, and in vivo acute toxicity and genotoxicity in mice. The flavonoids rutin and vitexin as well as trypsin inhibitors and lectins were detected in LE and PRF. Neither sample demonstrated toxicity against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and both showed low hemolytic action. In vivo, LE and PRF did not show antinutritional effects and caused no death. The hematological parameters of the animals in the treated group were similar to those of the control. A significant increase in the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and a discrete leukocyte infiltration with cytoplasmic vacuolization of the hepatocytes in the liver were detected in LE-treated animals. The preparations were not genotoxic or mutagenic. This study shows that LE and PRF are not antinutritional agents and presented low acute toxicity and no genotoxicity or mutagenicity. The present study contributes to the determination of the safety of using M. oleifera leaf proteins. more...
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- 2024
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50. Investigating the safety of antibiotics added to collared peccary ( Pecari tajacu ) semen extender through a multiparametric thermoresistance test.
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Santos CS, Cavalcante YCDS, Campos LB, da Silva AM, Feijó FMC, and Silva AR
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The effects of antibiotics on sperm longevity in collared peccary ( Pecari tajacu ) fresh diluted semen was evaluated. Semen samples from six adult males were collected by electroejaculation and diluted in Tris-citrate-fructose alone (control) and plus streptomycin-penicillin (2 mg/ml-2000 IU/ml) or gentamicin (70 µg/ml). Membrane integrity and functionality, mitochondrial activity and sperm morphology were assessed subjectively. Sperm motility and other kinetic parameters were objectively assessed using CASA (computer-assisted semen analysis). The semen diluted according to the treatments were submitted to the thermoresistance test, incubated at 37 ° C, and the sperm parameters analyzed at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min. The average values of the treatments were compared with each other and between the times. There were no differences (P > 0.05) between treatments until the end of the test. Control and streptomycin-penicillin samples maintained sperm function for up to 180 min (with total motility of 24.3 ± 7.1% and 28 ± 8.7%, respectively). Gentamicin aliquots retained most parameters until the end of the incubation, except for membrane integrity and mitochondrial activity that declined (P < 0.05) at 180 min (53.1 ± 7.1% and 50.7 ± 6.2%, respectively) compared to 0 min (80.5 ± 4.7% and 86.3 ± 3.4%, respectively). In conclusion, a multiparametric thermoresistance test proved that Tris-based extenders used for collared peccary semen can be effectively supplemented by streptomycin-penicillin (2 mg/ml-2000 IU/ml) or gentamicin (70 µg/ml), especially during 180-min incubation at 37 °C., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare., (Copyright © The Author(s).) more...
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- 2024
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