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Impurities and isomerized polysaccharides affect the analytical accuracy of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) structure and bioactivity, hindering their application in food and medicine. Preparing homogeneous GAGs components is essential for exploring structure-potency relationships and facilitating industrial production. This review primarily summarizes research on animal-derived GAGs preparation over the past five years, standardizing the preparation process into four operational units: pre-extraction treatment, extraction of crude polysaccharides, refinement of crude polysaccharides, and separation of GAGs components. Analyzed for scientific research and industrial production, the principles and application conditions of traditional means and novel techniques to preparing GAGs are comprehensively emphasized, exploring the effects of different treatments on biological activity and structure. Current challenges and development trends are illuminated. This review aims to lay a foundation for the in-depth study of GAGs structure, bioactivity, and function, providing theoretical references for the comprehensive utilization of animal raw materials and the development of animal polysaccharide deep-processing industries. [Display omitted] • Extraction and purification mean for glycosaminoglycans are summarized. • Novel eco-friendly physical technologies become the trend. • Providing a foundation for the structure-activity relationship study. • Processing by-products can be re-used to prepare glycosaminoglycans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examined the stability of emulsions made from native and thermally denatured myofibrillar proteins with inulin, using ultrasound treatments ranging from 200 to 800 W. After ultrasound treatment, the droplet size decreased, especially the particle size of MPs-600 W-inulin emulsion reached 1 μm. In addition, by measuring the oxidation stability of oil, it was found that ultrasound could inhibit emulsion oxidation, and the PV of MPs-600 W droplets reached 5.37 ± 0.18 mmol/Kg and TBARS reached 2.37 ± 0.19 μmol/Kg. However, at the same ultrasound power, the dispersion of TMPs-inulin droplets is not as good as that of MPs-inulin droplets, indicating that thermal denaturation is not conducive to emulsion stability. Therefore, the introduce of ultrasound to ameliorate the stability of MPs/TMPs-inulin emulsion is effective, especially at 600 W ultrasound, the emulsion showed good stability., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)