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Background Discharge preparation can help patients smoothly transition from one health care environment to another. In the medical institutions of foreign countries, discharge preparation is one of the main responsibilities of medical social workers. However, in China, there is currently relatively little involvement of social workers in discharge preparation. Objective To understand the intervention space and realistic challenges faced by medical social workers in the field of discharge preparation, and provide reference basis for improving social work in discharge preparation. Methods Using purposive sampling method from March to June 2023, based on a multidisciplinary perspective, adopt the qualitative interview method to conduct in-depth interviews with 20 medical personnel (including doctors, nurses, medical social workers, and medical management personnel). The interview data is organized and analyzed using Nvivo 12.0 software and the Colaizzi seven step analysis method. Results Medical social workers mainly carry out psychological and social assessments, develop professional service plans, provide social work interventions, and conduct follow-up in the field of discharge preparation services. While accumulating some local practical experience, they also face many realistic challenges, including insufficient access to social resources, multiple obstacles to the linkage between hospital and community, the lack of a standardized mechanism, inadequate interdisciplinary collaboration, a shortage of human resources for social workers, the need to improve their comprehensive abilities. Conclusion Promote the development of social work services for discharge preparation in China, by advocating for the construction of the social policy system and mechanism, building a multidisciplinary cooperation platform for hospitals, promoting the comprehensive capacity building of medical social workers.

Beijing is a city on the North China Plain with severe land subsidence. In recent years, Beijing has implemented effective measures to control land subsidence. Since this implementation, the development of time-series land subsidence in Beijing has slowed and has shown nonlinearity. Most previous studies have focused on the linear evolution of land subsidence; the nonlinear evolutionary patterns of land subsidence require further discussion. Therefore, we aimed to identify the evolution of land subsidence in Beijing, based on Envisat ASAR and Radarsat-2 images from 2003 to 2020, using permanent scatterer interferometric synthetic aperture radar (PS-InSAR) and cubic curve polynomial fitting methods. The dates of the extreme and inflection points were identified from the polynomial coefficients. From 2003 to 2020, the subsidence rate reached 138.55 mm/year, and the area with a subsidence rate > 15 mm/year reached 1688.81 km2. The cubic polynomials fit the time-series deformation well, with R2 ranging from 0.86 to 0.99 and the RMSE ranging from 1.97 to 60.28 mm. Furthermore, the subsidence rate at 96.64% of permanent scatterer (PS) points first increased and then decreased. The subsidence rate at 86.58% of the PS points began to decrease from 2010 to 2015; whereas the subsidence rate at 30.51% of the PS point reached a maximum between 2015 and 2019 and then decreased. The cumulative settlement continued to increase at 69.49% of the PS points. These findings imply that groundwater levels are highly correlated with the temporal evolution of subsidence in areas with pattern D (Vs+-, S+), with increasing and then decelerating rates and increasing amounts. In regions with a thickness of compressible clay layer over 210 m, subsidence follows pattern E (Vs+, S+), with increasing rates and amounts. Fractures such as the Gaoliying and Sunhe fractures significantly influence the spatial distribution of subsidence patterns, showing distinct differences on either side. Near the Global Resort Station, pattern E (Vs+, S+) intensifies in subsidence, potentially due to factors like land use changes and construction activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]