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Geometric variations and uncertainty are generally observed on every manufactured workpiece and have a critical influence on the functional performance of mechanical parts. In computer-aided tolerancing, the Skin Model Shapes framework is recognized as a novel paradigm to embed the expected and observed geometric variations of mechanical products based on discrete geometry representation schemes. Currently, the generation of Skin Model Shapes is still limited due to the lack of knowledge-based parameter settings in the design process, and the consideration of enriched simulation and measurement data. In this paper, a novel method based on two distinct techniques, namely Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) and Hessian Locally Linear Embedding (HLLE), is proposed to generate Skin Model Shapes without any explicitly defined parameters. A Wasserstein GAN structure is trained for generating patterns of geometric deviations based on simulation data. Geometric deviations on planar and cylindrical surfaces are considered in a training process since both types of surfaces are widely used in mechanical engineering. HLLE is used in the paper to extend the implementation of the proposed deviation mapping process from planar/cylindrical surfaces to other types of surfaces scattered in 3D space. The proposed Skin Model Shapes generation process enables the efficient generation of part representatives with geometric deviations without the need for extensive deviation modeling. Meanwhile, the proposed method overcomes the common limitation of simulating different types (e.g. rotational and freeform) of non-ideal surfaces on Skin Model Shapes. The implemented case studies show that our method can be used to generate hundreds of distinct Skin Model Shapes within seconds while the distributions of simulated geometric deviations on the surfaces are consistent with the measurement results. Meanwhile, the generated Skin Model Shapes can be used for further applications such as assembly simulation and tolerance analysis to obtain more realistic simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the application of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology in anti-electromagnetic radiation maternity wear. The review commences with an elaboration of the electromagnetic shielding principles of traditional materials and the principle of anti-electromagnetic radiation. Subsequently, the role of MEMS in maternity clothing is detailed, including the real-time monitoring of radiation via sensors, the enhancement of fabric shielding through electrospinning and material deposition, and the realization of intelligent functions such as micro-actuators and communication modules. Furthermore, the review considers the optimization of performance, taking into account factors such as electromagnetic shielding, air permeability and comfort. Furthermore, the article addresses the challenges of ensuring comfort and power supply. The article concludes by emphasizing the potential of MEMS in protecting pregnant women and fetuses and proposes future research directions, including an in-depth exploration of the working principles, technical specifications, and performance characteristics of key MEMS components (sensors and micro-actuators), as well as research on the combination and The combination of MEMS technology with existing anti-radiation technologies, such as traditional metal fiber fabrics and nanomaterials, has the potential to yield significant synergistic effects. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of performance optimization, including durability and washing stability of maternity clothes, is essential. Additionally, the exploration of emerging technologies, such as bubble electrospinning in maternity clothes, could lead to innovative applications in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rising energy demand, coupled with increased integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and fluctuating renewable generation, underscores the need for effective load management within energy communities. This paper addresses these challenges by implementing effective, constraint-aware load shifting within microgrid-based energy communities. Specifically, the goal of this study is to flatten the electrical load profile of a High-Voltage (HV)/Medium-Voltage (MV) power transformer. The load of a central power transformer includes (a) the diverse, fluctuating electrical and thermal demands of buildings within the energy community and (b) the load of the area supplied by the substation excluding the energy community loads. To achieve a flattened load profile, we apply time shifting to both electrical and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) loads of the energy community, allowing for a redistribution of energy consumption over time. This approach entails shifting non-critical loads, particularly those related to HVAC and other building operations, to off-peak periods. The methodology considers critical operational constraints, such as maintaining occupant thermal comfort, ensuring compliance with building codes, and adhering to technical specifications of HVAC and electrical systems and microgrid organized energy communities. Detailed simulations were conducted to prove the effectiveness of this constraint-aware load-shifting approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explored the potential for membrane materials to reduce energy and carbon requirements for the separation of aliphatic hydrocarbon feedstocks and products. We developed a series of fluorine-rich poly(arylene amine) polymer membranes that feature rigid polymer backbones with segregated perfluoroalkyl side chains. This combination imbues the polymers with resistance to dilation induced by hydrocarbon immersion without the loss of solution-based membrane fabrication techniques. These materials exhibit good separation of liquid-phase alkane isomers at ambient temperatures. The integration of these polymeric membranes into fuel and chemical feedstock separation processes was investigated in a series of experiments. Technoeconomic analyses based on these experiments indicate that the best-performing membrane materials can substantially reduce the energy costs and associated carbon emissions of hydrocarbon separations (two to 10 times, depending on product specifications). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the steelmaking slag, secondary metallurgy slag (SMS) is the most problematic to be recycled. Several attempts to recover such slag as lime replacement, slag flux, pozzolanic materials have been made for long time with pros and cons. However, the amount of recyclable slag is limited and often their employment requires higher energy demand than traditional materials. Nevertheless, the use of SMS in agriculture is poorly or never considered. In this article, the legal and technical evaluation of SMS as raw material for fertilizers production is investigated. Compliance of technical specification, toxic metals concentration, and leaching behavior allows to confirm the technical feasibility of SMS use as a raw material for fertilizers manufacture. Both from the literature data and the experimental results on 16 industrial SMS samples, the requirements for calcium‐magnesium‐sulfur‐based fertilizers, soil correctives and for sanitizing agricultural sewage sludge, appear fully satisfied. The CaO concentration in SMS (35–60 wt%) is abundantly higher than the requirements (≥15 wt%) and CaO is present in most part as water‐soluble complexes such as calcium aluminates (70 wt%), silicates (10 wt%), and sulfide (4 wt%). The pH of the SMS samples leachate is comparable to that of fresh lime (12.35 vs 12.46), highlighting a better behavior for sewage sludge sanitation with respect to limestone (9.98). The measured toxic metals and leachate elements concentration over the corresponding admittable threshold are always lower than 0.5 and 1.0 (mg kg−1/mg kg−1) for liming materials. Finally, these results lead to officially approve the use of SMS as soil corrective according to the Italian Fertilizer Regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the past 30 years, progress in the automation of control processes in the nuclear industry has been much slower compared to other industries. In the same timeframe, other complex industrial and/or high-risk processes (e.g., aviation) have been revolutionized by the exponential increase of technology capability in computing and information systems. The reason for the relatively slow trickling of technology advancements in the nuclear field is multi-faceted: i) resistance to change from a traditionally proven solution (partially due to very specific regulation requirements); ii) the cost to adopt Computerized Procedure Systems for existing NPPs, without having a quantified and proven safety benefit; iii) relatively low number of new NPPs being built following the Chernobyl and Fukushima disasters; iv) possible negative impact on the human factors aspect. After a short introduction to automation in another high-risk industry (aviation), this paper focuses on the practical approach required for automating Surveillance Procedures, and at the same time taking into consideration the human factors impact of this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Electrically conductive tape (ECT) was characterized and used to assemble shingled cell strings at low temperature to achieve high reliability Pb‐ and Ag‐free interconnections. The volume resistivity for two considered ECTs are 0.13 ± 0.06 mΩ·cm and 0.47 ± 0.20 mΩ·cm and specific contact resistances, 6.85± 2.00 mΩ·cm2 and 6.30 ± 0.37 mΩ·cm2 using the emerging IEC 62788‐8‐1 Technical Specification for assessment of electrically conductive adhesives (ECA). Durability and performance of the technology in glass–glass mini modules were evaluated with temperature cycling, damp heat testing, and combined‐accelerated stress testing (CAST). Through temperature cycling (−40°C to 85°C) applying five times the mini module short‐circuit current in forward bias and in the multi climate CAST protocol, there was negligible degradation of fill factor after replacing connectors at the modules' cable leads; however, CAST resulted in short circuit current loss attributed to degradation in light collection by the cells, not the ECT. The IEC 61215‐2 85°C, 85% relative humidity damp heat testing showed susceptibility of the HJT cells to effects of humidity in the electroluminescence intensity around the module perimeter that degraded power performance by 4% (relative). Contrasting the IEC 61215‐2 qualification testing‐based damp heat testing with CAST, factors such as the optical stress of CAST may precipitate the degradation of the modules whereas the humidity levels and duration of IEC 61215‐2 damp heat testing may lead to excessive levels of humidity diffused into the modules, potentially resulting in degradation that is unrepresentative of the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Train monitoring device (LKJ) is an important equipment used to prevent train overrunning signal, over speeding accident and assist drivers to improve control ability. Braking distance calculation is the basis of LKJ mode control, which is directly related to traffic safety and transportation efficiency. This paper compares the provisions of different versions of LKJ technical specifications for the calculation of braking distance, summarizes the basis of calculation formula of braking distance and parameters, and analyzes the reasons for the excessively long braking distance of freight trains under the current specifications. By studying the relevant standards and provisions such as " Technical Management Regulations for Railway" and " Train Traction Calculation Regulations", the parameters such as converted friction coefficient, train conversion braking rate and braking calculation coefficient are studied, and an optimization scheme of LKJ braking distance calculation is proposed. Finally, the simulation calculation of the scheme is verified in terms of the braking distance and speed limit curve. The results show that the proposed scheme can effectively shorten the braking distance of LKJ and optimize the speed limit curve, so as to improve the transportation efficiency of the general speed railway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To meet the needs of overseas projects such as "the Belt and Road" of China's railway and improve the internationalization level of China standards, this paper compares and analyzes design standards for traction power supply of China and the European Union railways, which can provide reference for international railway projects. Based on the research on technical schemes, design principles, evaluation standards and other key contents of China standards and European standards such as the Technical Specification for Interoperability, 13 main comparative technical indicators are determined, including the voltage of traction power supply system, main wiring of traction substation, catenary geometry, simulation of pantograph catenary interaction and so on. The differences analysis of the above key technologies is carried out and applicability suggestions are proposed. The overall design principles and methods of railway traction power supply standards in China and the European Union are basically the same, but the detailed technical adjustments to local conditions make some standards not completely equivalent. The Chinese design standards provide clear recommended values, with strong adaptability and operability. While the EU standards focus on theoretical analysis, calculation methods and simulation, with strong flexibility. Based on the research on the differences of railway traction power supply standards between China and EU, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the international formulation and revision of China traction power supply design standards: suggestions for the international formulation and revision of China traction power supply design standards are proposed; standards with larger margins can further highlight economy and flexibility; for regions with significant differences in natural environment, the indicators of each region can be further detailed in the appendix; unified variable definition and detailed design methods can be included in the standard to facilitate parameter migration and adaptive modification; compatibility with other systems should be further considered and relevant interface requirements specified; common or specific scene design algorithms should be summarized for reference in specific engineering applications; and the application of China intelligent traction power supply system and other advanced technology experience in international standards should be actively promoted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction projects are frequently used to boost local economic development without consideration of the long-term sustainability impacts. Via implementing circularity approach in public procurement, the research sought to identify best practices for greening construction projects by conducting in-depth interviews with stakeholders to collect their views about green public procurement (GPP) criteria in an EU country. The paper demonstrates how circular public procurement can be implemented for construction projects and which phases of procurement are more promising in terms of minimizing environmental impacts. Our results show that the design and build phases should be procured separately in order to successfully reduce environmental impacts in circular construction projects. The planning phase should ideally be carried out by an interdisciplinary team that establishes the right green public procurement criteria for selecting the designer, the construction firm and developing technical specifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technical specifications (TS) comprise all the items of a construction project. Each TS must have seven primary sections providing adequate and accurate information for the project's execution. However, construction delays and over costs have been reported as being generated by deficiencies in TS definition during the planning phase of the construction projects. Despite the project's effects, the quality of TS has been scarcely studied to establish its main failures. This research aimed to evaluate the quality of the TS in civil works based on the expectation-reality relationship. For this purpose, an on-site evaluation was carried out during working days in a total of 176 items being executed or recently executed in 30 projects located in Zone 3 of Ecuador. SPSS software was used to process and interpret data. The results show a 39.81% quality of the TS for the analyzed sample, which could cause the increase in cost and term that has been evidenced in many public construction contracts.

The letter published in Clinical Chemistry & Laboratory Medicine highlights the need for improved information on the metrological traceability of in vitro diagnostic calibrators, using plasma ethanol measurements as an example. The study compares the measurement uncertainties of different commercial measuring systems and emphasizes the importance of accurate estimation of quality in laboratory measurements. The authors discuss the challenges in obtaining complete information from manufacturers and suggest the selection of appropriate reference materials to enhance uncertainty estimation for clinical utility. The article underscores the significance of understanding calibration hierarchies and the potential biases introduced by different procedures, advocating for better coordination and information sharing among manufacturers to improve traceability implementation. [Extracted from the article]

Given the increasing interest in novel and powerful Human–Machine Interaction modalities, as well as the role that eXtended Reality (XR) plays in the contemporary societal framework, this paper proposes a metrologically sound method for the experimental characterization of innovative XR-based Human–Machine Interfaces (HMIs). The aim is to thoroughly analyze the interaction between users and the digital content rendered within the XR environment, focusing on two hands-free HMIs, namely eye- and head-tracking. Starting from the acquisition of eye gaze and head pose, the proposed method encompasses the analysis of metrics such as horizontal and vertical offsets, and Euclidean distance with respect to digital reference points. From these metrics, the proposed method yields a novel figure of merit, named Maximum Number , providing insight into the optimal configuration of the XR content to maximize the information transfer. As a case study, but without loss of generalization, the XR head-mounted display Microsoft HoloLens 2 is considered. Experimental findings, derived from a campaign involving 16 subjects, contribute to a deeper understanding of the accuracy and precision in content selection, along with the number of objects that can be accommodated within the XR environment for the developed HMIs. This addresses a critical gap in current knowledge and offers valuable insights, compensating for the lack of information available in technical specifications, paving the way for the development of reliable hands-free applications in contexts with stringent requirements, such as industry or healthcare inspection tasks. • A method for the metrological characterization of XR-based Natural Human–Machine Interfaces is presented. • Method developed in compliance with GUM guidelines. • Specific focus on eye- and head-tracking interfaces. • Analysis of intra- and inter-individual variability of the interaction. • A representative case study with Microsoft HoloLens 2 is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A risk-effectiveness framework is developed based on previously proposed RAM model. • The model includes aging, test-caused degradation, test efficiency, and maintenance effectiveness. • The risk-effectiveness framework is applied for ST&M planning of safety-related components in NPPs. • The maintenance regime for a MOV in HPIS, subjected to periodic tests and imperfect repairs, is optimized. In this study, the risk-effectiveness framework proposed in NUREG/CR-5775 is developed based on the authors' previously proposed Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability (RAM) model, which comprehensively considers all significant factors, including aging effects, test-caused degradation, test efficiency, and maintenance effectiveness. The developed RAM-based risk-effectiveness criterion, along with the Risk Management Technical Specification (RMTS) framework (RG 1.174 and 10 CFR 50.65(a)), is incorporated as a constraint in the optimization problem of surveillance test and maintenance (ST&M) planning for safety-related components in NPPs. As an application, the maintenance regime for a Motor-Operated Valve within the High-Pressure Injection System of a VVER/1000-V446 NPP, subjected to periodic tests and imperfect repairs, is optimized based on equipment RAM and its risk impact (Δ C D F) at the plant level. The results demonstrate that the most rational optimal ST&M planning must be determined as harmonizing and simultaneously positioning within the broad risk-effectiveness margin while also satisfying the criteria outlined in the RMTS framework. The proposed framework can provide valuable insights to maintenance decision-makers to evaluate and select appropriate maintenance strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrial batch processes employ similar or identical equipment to manufacture various specification products, hence multi-batch data exhibit common characteristics. Additionally, complex characteristics exist within each batch. In this paper, a multi-level monitoring method based on slow independent component analysis-tensor decomposition (SICA-TD) is proposed considering the characteristics of industrial batch processes. In the first-level monitoring model, SICA is used to identify whether the current batch is faulty. An integrated control limit is constructed to enhance robustness. When a fault is detected, fault and normal data features are combined into a tensor. Subsequently, the second-level monitoring model extracts common features through TD. The disparity in common feature distribution between normal and fault conditions is measured via Bhattacharyya distance (BD) statistics to ascertain whether the fault affects all batches. The method is validated through an actual hot strip mill process (HSMP) and implemented in a process monitoring platform for a steel manufacturing company. • A multi-level process monitoring method for industrial batch processes is proposed. • An integrated control limit is designed for level 1 monitoring to enhance robustness. • Bhattacharyya distance is adopted to construct the level 2 monitoring statistics. • The monitoring graphs can improve the interpretability of batch process monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CO 2 capture, utilization, and storage is a key technology to mitigate the climate crisis, and the development of a CO 2 infrastructure is critical for its future large-scale implementation. Successful deployment of a CO 2 infrastructure depends largely on the compatibility between industry links, which is currently limited by unaligned CO 2 purity specifications. Therefore, there is a need to understand the economic and technical implications of purity specifications throughout the whole value chain. This work presents, a highly detailed study encompassing the entire CO 2 conditioning system, including compression, dehydration, liquefaction, and purification. A single, common CO 2 conditioning system derived from operational facilities and designed for post-combustion CO 2 feeds was applied for conditioning of four different feed gases. The investigation includes a techno-economic analysis considering capital and operational expenses for twelve different combinations of CO 2 feed streams and outlet product specifications. The feed sources represent a range of CO 2 purities from high purity to low purity and were derived from post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion processes, while the considered product specifications include CO 2 storage in depleted gas fields, saline aquifer, and utilization in the food industr. For the investigated systems, it is found that low-purity CO 2 was the most expensive source gas to condition to commercial specifications due to a high content of non-condensable gases. The levelized costs for CO 2 conditioning amounted to approximately 25 EUR/t CO 2 , 27 EUR/t CO 2 , 34 EUR/t CO 2 , and 46 EUR/t CO 2 for the investigated high purity, medium-high purity, medium-low purity, and low purity CO 2 cases, respectively. In the investigated cases, only the specifications of low-volatile species were relevant. The impurity limit specifications were relatively close across the investigated commercial specifications, therefore, these did not show significant cost differences. The study clarifies the economic impact on the CO 2 conditioning process from imposing equivalent purity constraints on CO 2 from different sources. [Display omitted] • Common CO 2 transport infrastructure needs aligned industrial CO 2 purity standards. • In-depth study on CO 2 conditioning: Compression to purification and liquefaction. • Techno-economic analysis in elaborate detail for high precision cost estimates. • Feed gas impurity level was primary driver of cost rather than CO 2 specifications. • Cost of conditioning from low-purity CO 2 was twice that of high-purity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myocardial infarction can cause irreversible damage to the heart muscle, which can lead to heart failure. The difficulty of the treatment mainly arises from the anisotropic behavior of the myocardium fibrous structure. Patches or cardiac restraint devices appear to be a promising approach to post-infarction treatment. In this study, we propose a new model-assisted method to design patterned membranes. The proposed approach combines computer experiments and statistical models to optimize the design parameters and to meet the requirement for the post-infarction treatment. Finite element model, global sensitivity analysis, random forest model and response surface model are the key components of the strategy implemented in this study, which is applied to design a real membrane. The metamodel-based design method is able to estimate the equivalent Young's modulus of the membrane in a few seconds and optimization results have been validated a posteriori by laboratory measurements. This solution opens up new prospects for the design of customized membranes with technical specifications tailored to each patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The supporting structure of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGR) comprises over 3000 carbon/graphite components, necessitating computed tomography (CT) non-destructive testing before operational deployment as per reactor technical specifications. However, CT images are frequently marred by severe ring artifacts due to the response non-uniformity and non-linearity of detector units, which diminishes the ability to detect defects effectively.To address this issue, we propose a physics-based ring artifacts reduction method for CT that employs pixel response correction. This method physically accounts for the cause of ring artifacts and leverages the prior knowledge of the detected object to enhance the accuracy of the detection process.Our proposed method achieved a notable reduction in ring artifacts, as evidenced by a 37.7% decrease in ring total variation (RTV) values compared to the originals, significantly enhancing image quality. It also surpassed traditional and machine learning methods in artifact reduction while maintaining image details. The lower RTV scores confirm our method's superior effectiveness in minimizing ring artifacts.We believe that our research contributes to the enhancement of defect inspection performance in detection systems, which is crucial for ensuring the safety of reactors. The proposed method's effectiveness in mitigating ring artifacts while maintaining image quality highlights its potential impact on the reliability of non-destructive testing in the context of HTGR components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tata Steel UK manufactures hot rolled strip products designed for a wide range of market applications. Typical mechanical properties for hot rolled strip products comprise: yield strength (Rp0.2), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation (A80). Physical tensile testing of a representative sample taken from each coil is generally used to measure these mechanical properties. As an alternative, artificial neural network (ANN) models have been developed to predict these tensile properties. This article describes the development and integration of ANN models for two hot rolled strip products: a low carbon steel for cold forming, DD11, and a high strength low alloy, S355MC. The current work proposes to combine the ANN model with a product release criteria to ensure high prediction confidence after deployment into the industrial environment. Following a period of 6-month implementation of the ANN models, predicted mechanical properties for both products were shown to be well within product specification requirements. The average predicted mechanical properties for DD11 were 241 MPa for Rp0.2, 351 MPa for UTS and 38.1% for A80. The average predicted mechanical properties for S355MC were 400 MPa, 488 MPa and 31.4% for Rp0.2, UTS and A80, respectively. Input parameters with relatively high Pearson correlation coefficient value showed that Rp0.2 increases monotonically as Mn content increases or coiling temperature decreases for DD11. Whereas for S355MC, Rp0.2 increases as Nb content increases, but coiling temperature did not show a linear relationship with Rp0.2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Adaptive energy and flexibility market is designed for wholesale and local markets. • The market can adapt to changing conditions of TSO and DSOs. • The market operator prioritizes demands and receive energy and flexibility from TSO and DSO. The aim of this paper is to present the design of an energy and flexibility market that operates in coordination with both wholesale and local markets. By utilizing greater flexibility through the integration with transmission and distribution networks, the market can adapt to changing operational conditions over time. The market operator uses information from the TSO-DSO to implement the necessary submarket type based on network conditions.The market operator, in turn, will select the proper sub-market based on technical and economic specifications, from the operators, i.e., the required energy, flexibility, and associated costs. The proposed method offers a decentralized and non-iterative coordinated market for energy and flexibility at both the transmission and distribution levels, guided by the principle that, electricity flows naturally from low-cost to high-cost nodes in an uncongested network. The market operator directs energy and flexibility to higher cost buses using an appropriate market mechanism. Consequently, the existing network is oriented towards being congestion-free. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed market not only aligns with TSO-DSO operational priorities but also approaches the outcomes of a centralized market in terms of optimality. Also, the proposed method requires less calculation time for than previously coordinated market execution methods, such as TSO-leader and DSO-leader. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Quantum well detectors achieve NETD below 5 mK. • DROIC with high charge-handling capacity reduces NETD limitations. • Pixel-level ADC circuits eliminate interference noise introduced by analog circuits. • Enhanced circuit SNR reduces the NETD of QWIP IRFPAs. QWIP based on the GaAs/AlGaAs material system are commonly used to achieve LWIR FPA. This detector is constrained by the integration charge capacity of conventional integral-readout-reset mode CMOS readout integrated circuits. As a result, the technical specification for the temperature resolution of the infrared detectors, known as NETD, typically ranges from 20 mK to 30 mK. In this paper, we present a 320 × 256 LWIR QWIP FPA, which is formed by bonding quantum well detectors and a pixel-level DROIC. Notably, the NETD achieved by this detector is superior to 5 mK, with the DR exceeding 100 dB, and it operates effectively within a temperature range of 40 K to 80 K, demonstrating excellent adaptability to varying environmental temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Develop high entropy ceramics with excellent microwave dielectric properties. • Severe lattice distortion affects the mechanical properties of ceramics. • The low oxygen vacancy content and high band gap width promote the ceramic to achieve a high Q × f value. • A dielectric resonant antenna was designed using this ceramic material. Microwave dielectric ceramics are favored materials for microwave devices because of their stable dielectric properties. However, balancing the interdependent relationships among the dielectric constant (ε r), quality factor (Q × f), and temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τ f) to meet the technical specifications of microwave dielectric components (low ε r , high Q × f , and near-zero τ f) remains a significant challenge. This paper reports a type of high-entropy spinel ceramic Mg 3 AlGaTi 0.5 Sn 0.5 O 8. The relationships between configuration entropy, mechanical properties, and microwave dielectric properties (MDPs) of the ceramic were systematically investigated. Adjusting configuration entropy enhances phase stability, attributed to the high disorder in the ceramic caused by Ga3+ ion doping. With an entropy value of 1.56R, the ceramic achieved optimal MDPs, including a low ε r of 9.87, a high Q × f of 132,564 GHz, and a near-zero of τ f –10.8 ppm/°C. Designing a dielectric resonant antenna with high-entropy ceramic Mg 3 AlGaTi 0.5 Sn 0.5 O 8 as the resonator can meet 5G/6G communication requirements. This study demonstrates that a high-entropy strategy can significantly improve the MDPs of spinel ceramics, expanding the materials suitable for microwave device applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]