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Key questions remain about the atmospheric response to variability in the oceanic western boundary currents (WBCs). Here we exploit a unique high‐resolution slab‐ocean coupled climate model to investigate how ocean heat transport (OHT) anomalies in the major WBCs of both hemispheres affect the atmospheric circulation. Prescribed OHT anomalies lead to robust changes in convective precipitation anomalies equatorward of the maximum surface warming. The response is deepest and most pronounced over the Northern Hemisphere (NH) WBCs, where it is associated with significant changes in upper tropospheric vertical motion, condensational heating and geopotential heights. The response is relatively shallow over the Southern Hemisphere (SH) WBCs. The findings reveal the robustness of the atmospheric response to OHT anomalies and highlight key hemispheric differences: in the NH, OHT anomalies are balanced by deep atmospheric vertical motion; in the SH, they are balanced primarily by shallow horizontal temperature advection. We study how ocean heat transport (OHT) influences the atmospheric circulation in the major western boundary currents (WBCs) of both hemispheres, including the Gulf Stream, Kuroshio‐Oyashio Extension, Brazil‐Malvinas Confluence, and Agulhas Currents. We find that the heating due to anomalous ocean heat transport causes air to rise on the equatorward side of the largest surface heating in all WBC regions. The regions of rising air are also associated with more intense convective precipitation. The effect is strongest in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) where the atmospheric response extends to the upper troposphere, leading to significant heating and atmospheric circulation anomalies aloft. The findings highlight the robustness of the atmospheric response to ocean dynamical processes in the western boundary currents, although differences in the hemispheric responses are noteworthy. In the NH WBCs, the atmospheric response to OHT anomalies is balanced primarily through vertical air movement, whereas in the Southern Hemisphere, the response is balanced primarily by low‐level horizontal temperature advection. The atmospheric response to ocean heat transport (OHT) anomalies in the western boundary currents (WBC) is examinedAnomalous OHT drives robust changes in the atmospheric circulation and convective precipitation over the WBCs of both hemispheresThe Northern Hemisphere responses extend to the upper troposphere; the Southern Hemisphere responses are limited to the lower troposphere The atmospheric response to ocean heat transport (OHT) anomalies in the western boundary currents (WBC) is examined Anomalous OHT drives robust changes in the atmospheric circulation and convective precipitation over the WBCs of both hemispheres The Northern Hemisphere responses extend to the upper troposphere; the Southern Hemisphere responses are limited to the lower troposphere

A comprehensive quantitative analysis is provided of the potential applications of energy harvesting (EH) technologies tailored to high-speed railway infrastructure. The study compares the various energy sources within railway infrastructure and identifies suitable EH technologies. Feasible designs and scales of EH are assessed based on the installation location; the overall power availability and energy yield are compared for a notional high-speed railway. For resonant EH devices an assessment is also given of the optimal tuning frequency. Vibration-based EH, when applied to the track or bridge structures, can provide sufficient power for individual low-power sensors; however, its output is insufficient for higher-power applications or for data transmission unless energy storage devices are incorporated. Despite the elevated noise levels generated by high-speed trains, the energy available from this acoustic source is negligible and impractical for EH. Small vertical axis wind turbines installed close to the track and driven by passing trains show great potential, capable of harvesting several orders of magnitude more energy than vibration-based EH. Solar photovoltaic panels can generate significantly more energy than other methods, although their output is confined to daylight conditions and is contingent upon weather conditions