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This study aimed to investigate the effects of different proportions of dietary fermented sweet potato residue (FSPR) supplementation as a substitute for corn on the nutrient digestibility, meat quality, and intestinal microbes of yellow-feathered broilers. Experiment 1 (force-feeding) evaluated the nutrient composition and digestibility of mixtures with different proportions of sweet potato residue (70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%) before and after fermentation. In Experiment 2 (metabolic growth), a total of 420 one-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly allocated to 4 groups and fed corn-soybean meal-based diets with 0, 5%, 8%, and 10% FSPR as a substitute for corn. The force-feeding and metabolic growth experiments were performed for 9 and 70 d, respectively. The treatment of 70% sweet potato residue (after fermentation) had the highest levels of crude protein, ether extract, and crude fiber and improved the digestibility of crude protein and amino acids (P

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and incurable disorder associated with higher cancer risk and currently faces unsatisfactory treatment outcomes. Ferroptotic cells secrete damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that recruit and activate immune cells, particularly macrophages. Magnolin has excellent antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties, but its effect on IBD has not yet been clearly understood. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of magnolin in IBD. For this purpose, in vivo and in vitro colitis models were established using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), followed by optimization of magnolin concentration 2.5 μg/mL in vitro and 5 mg/kg in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis identified potential magnolin target sites and evaluated ferroptosis‐associated gene expressions. Body weight, food intake, disease activity index (DAI), pathological changes, and inflammation levels were assessed. The effect of magnolin on ferroptosis and macrophages was evaluated using quantitative real time‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), immunofluorescent staining, flow cytometry, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and western blotting. Results indicated that magnolin at a lower dose (5 mg/kg) alleviated DSS‐induced colitis symptoms and reduced inflammation in mice. The bioinformatics analysis showed arachidonate 5‐lipoxygenase (ALOX5) as a potential magnolin target. Furthermore, magnolin inhibited the expression of ALOX5 with no effect on GPX4. Moreover, magnolin regulated macrophage differentiation into the M2 phenotype and suppressed pro‐inflammatory factors, that is, interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor‐α (IL‐6 and TNFα). These results suggested that magnolin possesses significant therapeutic potential in treating IBD by suppressing ALOX5‐mediated ferroptosis, inhibiting M1 while promoting M2 macrophages, which is envisaged to provide novel strategies for treating IBD.

Effects of pre-treatment (either pre-deformation or composed of pre-aging and pre-deformation prior to aging) on the dislocation morphologies and subsequent precipitation, corrosion behaviors, and mechanical properties of a novel Al-8.26Zn-1.95Mg-1.89Cu-0.08Sc-0.17Zr (wt.%) alloy were investigated. Pre-existing Al3(Sc, Zr) dispersoids can pin dislocations induced by pre-deformation before aging to form dislocation cells and cell walls. As a result, bimodal microstructures are formed during the subsequent aging process, with coarse precipitates dispersed along dislocation walls and fine precipitates inside dislocation cells. Meanwhile, dislocations pinned by Al3(Sc, Zr) dispersoids nearby grain boundaries inhibit the diffusion of solutes towards grain boundaries, which can modify grain boundary features by decreasing the potential difference between grain boundaries and grain interiors, and reducing precipitation-free zone width and grain boundary precipitate size. In particular, pre-aging prior to pre-deformation makes the dislocation distribution more uniform, which increases the volume fraction of nanoprecipitates without significant coarsening and further improves the grain boundary characteristics. Compared with the traditional T74 treated sample, these multiple microstructures significantly enhance the corrosion resistance of the alloy with less strength degradation. This study offers novel insights into the strengthening and corrosion mechanisms of pre-treated Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloys with Zr and Sc microalloying.

【Objective】The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of associated chives on bacterial wilt and microecological characteristics of tomato rhizosphere, and to reveal the mechanism of reducing incidence of tomato bacterial wilt.【Method】Two treatments of tomato monoculture and tomatoes with chives were set for field experiments, and rhizosphere soils of diseased tomatoes in tomato monoculture treatment (QK), healthy tomatoes in tomato monoculture treatment (NBS) and tomatoes with chives treatment (BS) were collected. And the effects of companion chives on the micro-ecological characteristics of tomato rhizosphere were investigated by using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.【Result】The results of field experiments showed that the average disease incidence of tomato bacterial wilt were 50.48% in tomato monoculture treatment and 31.43% in companion chives treatment. The control effect of companion chives on tomato bacterial wilt was 37.74%. According to the resulyts of 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing, the relative abundance and diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soils of BS and NBS were significantly higher than those of QK. Compared with QK, the relative abundance of Ralstonia in the rhizosphere soils of BS and NBS was significantly lower than that of QK, and the relative abundance of Bacillus was higher than that of QK. Moreover, compared with NBS, the relative abundance of Ralstonia in the rhizosphere soil of BS was reduced, and the relative abundance of Bacillus was significantly enhanced. A total of 586 metabolites in tomato rhizosphere soil were identified by using LC-MS, including 320 positive ion mode metabolites and 266 negative ion mode metabolites. The functions of metabolites were annotated to metabolic pathways such as metabolism, genetic information processing and environmental information processing. Compared with NBS, the contents of valine, L-asparagine and citric acid in BS rhizosphere soil were significantly lower than those in NBS, and the contents of L-lysine, glutamic acid, D-glutamine and isoleucine in rhizosphere soil of BS were also lower than those of NBS, though, the difference was not significant.【Conclusion】The companion chives significantly reduced the disease incidence of tomato bacterial wilt in the field, and changed the bacterial community structure and metabolite contents in tomato rhizosphere soil.

Abstract Premature ovarian failure (POF) caused by chemotherapy is a growing concern for female reproductive health. The use of metformin (MET), which has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, in the treatment of POF damaged by chemotherapy drugs remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the impact of MET on POF caused by cyclophosphamide (CTX) combined with busulfan (BUS) and M1 macrophages using POF model mice and primary granule cells (GCs). Our findings demonstrate that intragastric administration of MET ameliorates ovarian damage and alleviates hormonal disruption in chemotherapy-induced POF mice. This effect is achieved through the reduction of inflammatory and oxidative stress-related harm. Additionally, MET significantly relieves abnormal inflammatory response, ROS accumulation, and senescence in primary GCs co-cultured with M1 macrophages. We also observed that this protective role of MET is closely associated with the AMPK/PPAR-γ/SIRT1 pathway in cell models. In conclusion, our results suggest that MET can protect against chemotherapy-induced ovarian injury by inducing the expression of the AMPK pathway while reducing oxidative damage and inflammation.

Introduction: Post-stroke spasticity (PSS) is among the prevalent complications of stroke, greatly affecting motor function recovery and reducing patients' quality of life without timely treatment. Sangdantongluo granule, a modern traditional Chinese patent medicine, has significant clinical efficacy in treating PSS. However, the mechanism of Sangdantongluo granule in treating PSS is still unknown. We designed this study to explore the mechanism of Sangdantongluo granule in treating PSS through multimodal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Methods and analysis: In a single-center, randomized, double-blind, parallel placebo-controlled study, 60 PSS patients will be recruited in China and randomly assigned to either the experimental or control groups at a ratio of 1:1. For eight weeks, Sangdantongluo granule or placebo will be utilized for intervention. The main outcome is the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), the secondary outcome includes the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale-upper Extremity (FMA-UE), National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and Modified Rankin Scale (mRS), the mechanism measure is the changes in cortical excitability and multimodal fMRI at baseline and after eight weeks. Ethics and dissemination: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval number: [202364]). Clinical trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, identifier: ChiCTR2300074793. Registered on 16 August 2023.

Epigenomic imbalance drives abnormal transcriptional processes, promoting the onset and progression of cancer. Although defective gene regulation generally affects carcinogenesis and tumor suppression networks, tumor immunogenicity and immune cells involved in antitumor responses may also be affected by epigenomic changes, which may have significant implications for the development and application of epigenetic therapy, cancer immunotherapy, and their combinations. Herein, we focus on the impact of epigenetic regulation on tumor immune cell function and the role of key abnormal epigenetic processes, DNA methylation, histone post-translational modification, and chromatin structure in tumor immunogenicity, and introduce these epigenetic research methods. We emphasize the value of small-molecule inhibitors of epigenetic modulators in enhancing antitumor immune responses and discuss the challenges of developing treatment plans that combine epigenetic therapy and immunotherapy through the complex interaction between cancer epigenetics and cancer immunology.

Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI), even liver failure, is a significant challenge due to the limited availability of therapeutic medicine. Christensenella minuta (C. minuta), as a probiotic therapy, has shown promising prospects in metabolism and inflammatory diseases. Our research aimed to examine the influence of C. minuta on AILI and explore the molecular pathways underlying it. We found that administration of C. minuta remarkably alleviated AILI in a mouse model, as evidenced by decreased levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and improvements in the histopathological features of liver sections. Additionally, there was a notable decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA), accompanied by restoration of the reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) balance, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in inflammatory markers (IL6, IL1β, TNF-α). C. minuta regulated phenylalanine metabolism. No significant difference in intestinal permeability was observed in either the model group or the treatment group. High levels of phenylalanine aggravated liver damage, which may be linked to phenylalanine-induced dysbiosis and dysregulation in cytochrome P450 metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, the PI3K-AKT pathway, and the Integrin pathway. Furthermore, C. minuta restored the diversity of the microbiota, modulated metabolic pathways and MAPK pathway. Overall, this research demonstrates that supplementing with C. minuta offers both preventive and remedial benefits against AILI by modulating the gut microbiota, phenylalanine metabolism, oxidative stress, and the MAPK pathway, with high phenylalanine supplementation being identified as a risk factor exacerbating liver injury.

Hesperetin (HT) is a type of citrus flavonoid with various pharmacological activities, including anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. However, the role and mechanism of HT in ulcerative colitis (UC) have been rarely studied. Our study aimed to uncover the beneficial effects of HT and its detailed mechanism in UC. Experimental colitis was induced by 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for seven days. HT ameliorated DSS-induced colitis in mice, showing marked improvement in weight loss, colon length, colonic pathological severity, and the levels of TNFα and IL6 in serum. A combination of informatics, network pharmacology, and molecular docking identified eight key targets and multi-pathways influenced by HT in UC. As a highlight, the experimental validation demonstrated that PTGS2, a marker of ferroptosis, along with other indicators of ferroptosis (such as ACSL4, Gpx4, and lipid peroxidation), were regulated by HT in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, the supplement of HT increased the diversity of gut microbiota, decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria, and restored beneficial bacteria (Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001). In conclusion, HT is an effective nutritional supplement against experimental colitis by suppressing ferroptosis and modulating gut microbiota.

Phycoerythrin and polysaccharides have significant commercial value in medicine, cosmetics, and food industries due to their excellent bioactive functions. To maximize the production of biomass, phycoerythrin, and polysaccharides in Porphyridium purpureum, culture media were supplemented with calcium gluconate (CG), magnesium gluconate (MG) and polypeptides (BT), and their optimal amounts were determined using the response surface methodology (RSM) based on three single-factor experiments. The optimal concentrations of CG, MG, and BT were determined to be 4, 12, and 2 g L−1, respectively. The RSM-based models indicated that biomass and phycoerythrin production were significantly affected only by MG and BT, respectively. However, polysaccharide production was significantly affected by the interactions between CG and BT and those between MG and BT, with no significant effect from BT alone. Using the optimized culture conditions, the maximum biomass (5.97 g L−1), phycoerythrin (102.95 mg L−1), and polysaccharide (1.42 g L−1) concentrations met and even surpassed the model-predicted maximums. After optimization, biomass, phycoerythrin, and polysaccharides concentrations increased by 132.3%, 27.97%, and 136.67%, respectively, compared to the control. Overall, this study establishes a strong foundation for the highly efficient production of phycoerythrin and polysaccharides using P. purpureum.

The large-scale ingot of the 7xxx-series aluminum alloys fabricated by direct chill (DC) casting often suffers from foundry defects such as cracks and cold shut due to the formidable challenges in the precise controlling of casting parameters. In this manuscript, by using the integrated computational method combining numerical simulations with machine learning, we systematically estimated the evolution of multi-physical fields and grain structures during the solidification processes. The numerical simulation results quantified the influences of key casting parameters including pouring temperature, casting speed, primary cooling intensity, and secondary cooling water flow rate on the shape of the mushy zone, heat transport, residual stress, and grain structure of DC casting ingots. Then, based on the data of numerical simulations, we established a novel model for the relationship between casting parameters and solidification characteristics through machine learning. By comparing it with experimental measurements, the model showed reasonable accuracy in predicting the sump profile, microstructure evolution, and solidification kinetics under the complicated influences of casting parameters. The integrated computational method and predicting model could be used to efficiently and accurately determine the DC casting parameters to decrease the casting defects.

Background and Purpose: Overexpression of astrocytic lactoferrin (Lf) was observed in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, whereas the role of astrocytic Lf in AD progression remains unexplored. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of astrocytic Lf on AD progression. Experimental Approach: Male APP/PS1 mice with astrocytes overexpressing human Lf were developed to evaluate the effects of astrocytic Lf on AD progression. N2a‐sw cells also were employed to further uncover the mechanism of astrocytic Lf on β‐amyloid (Aβ) production. Key Results: Astrocytic Lf overexpression increased protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity and reduced amyloid precursor protein (APP) phosphorylation, Aβ burden and tau hyperphosphorylation in APP/PS1 mice. Mechanistically, astrocytic Lf overexpression promoted the uptake of astrocytic Lf into neurons in APP/PS1 mice, and conditional medium from astrocytes overexpressing Lf inhibited p‐APP (Thr668) expression in N2a‐sw cells. Furthermore, recombinant human Lf (hLf) significantly enhanced PP2A activity and inhibited p‐APP expression, whereas inhibition of p38 or PP2A activities abrogated the hLf‐induced p‐APP down‐regulation in N2a‐sw cells. Additionally, hLf promoted the interaction of p38 and PP2A via p38 activation, thereby enhancing PP2A activity, and low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 1 (LRP1) knockdown significantly reversed the hLf‐induced p38 activation and p‐APP down‐regulation. Conclusions and Implications: Our data suggested that astrocytic Lf promoted neuronal p38 activation, via targeting to LRP1, subsequently promoting p38 binding to PP2A to enhance PP2A enzyme activity, which finally inhibited Aβ production via APP dephosphorylation. In conclusion, promoting astrocytic Lf expression may be a potential strategy against AD. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue From Alzheimer's Disease to Vascular Dementia: Different Roads Leading to Cognitive Decline. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.6/issuetoc [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The interplay of topology, magnetism, and correlations gives rise to intriguing phases of matter. In this study, through state-of-the-art angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, density functional theory, and dynamical mean-field theory calculations, we visualize a fourfold degenerate Dirac nodal line at the boundary of the bulk Brillouin zone in the antiferromagnet YMn2Ge2. We further demonstrate that this gapless, antiferromagnetic Dirac nodal line is enforced by the combination of magnetism, space-time inversion symmetry, and nonsymmorphic lattice symmetry. The corresponding drumhead surface states traverse the whole surface Brillouin zone. YMn2Ge2 thus serves as a platform to exhibit the interplay of multiple degenerate nodal physics and antiferromagnetism. Interestingly, the magnetic nodal line displays a d-orbital dependent renormalization along its trajectory in momentum space, thereby manifesting Hund’s coupling. Our findings offer insights into the effect of electronic correlations on magnetic Dirac nodal lines, leading to an antiferromagnetic Hund nodal line.

Abstract A two-dimensional (2D) Weyl semimetal, akin to a spinful variant of graphene, represents a topological matter characterized by Weyl fermion-like quasiparticles in low dimensions. The spinful linear band structure in two dimensions gives rise to distinctive topological properties, accompanied by the emergence of Fermi string edge states. We report the experimental realization of a 2D Weyl semimetal, bismuthene monolayer grown on SnS(Se) substrates. Using spin and angle-resolved photoemission and scanning tunneling spectroscopies, we directly observe spin-polarized Weyl cones, Weyl nodes, and Fermi strings, providing consistent evidence of their inherent topological characteristics. Our work opens the door for the experimental study of Weyl fermions in low-dimensional materials.

本研究旨在探討設計思考融入創意教學課程對師培生創造傾向、創意教學自我效能和設計思考力之影響。研究對象為臺灣北部某所科技大學選修創意教學策略之28位師培生，採用單一樣本前、後測設計進行18週之教學實驗，以「創造傾向量表」、「創意教學自我效能量表」以及「設計思考力量表」作為研究工具。透過量化資料進行描述性統計分析及相依樣本t檢定分析，探討創造傾向、創意教學自我效能和設計思考力前後測之差異，並於課後進行半結構式訪談，深入瞭解師培生之學習經驗和想法。研究結果發現，將設計思考融入創意教學課程有助於提升師培生之創造傾向（冒險性、好奇心、想像力）、創意教學自我效能（正向信念、負向自覺、抗壓信念）和設計思考力（縝密性、計畫性、完成性、創新性、周詳性和系統性）。最後，根據上述之研究結果提出對未來研究以及實施以設計思考為核心的創意教學課程之建議。 Introduction Creativity has recently become an increasingly prominent research topic in the field of education. Teachers play an indispensable role in enhancing students’ creative performance. Therefore, strategies for stimulating preservice teachers’ motivation for creative teaching and for encouraging teachers to integrate and apply creative teaching skills and methods into curricula have been extensively discussed in the field of teacher education. The literature indicates that teachers’ creative teaching self-efficacy is essential for the implementation of creative teaching; teachers with higher creative teaching self-efficacy engage more in creative teaching behaviors. Hence, methods for enhancing preservice teachers’ creative teaching self-efficacy warrant further exploration. The emergence of design thinking has introduced new educational frameworks and thinking patterns. Design thinking strongly emphasizes the adoption of human-centered approaches, which involve observing and empathizing with real-life situations to explore underlying issues, and the iterative modification of prototypes through testing to develop solutions that optimally meet user needs. In education, design thinking entails a teacher’s ability to solve problems innovatively through a series of lesson plan designs, executions, revisions, and innovations before actual teaching. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the integration of the design thinking steps— namely empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test— into creative teaching courses can promote preservice teachers’ creative tendencies, creative teaching self-efficacy, and design thinking skills. Literature Review Design thinking involves five key steps: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. The first step (empathize) requires designers to identify user needs by learning about their thoughts and feelings through interviews and observations. The second step (define) entails breaking down and summarizing the information gathered in the first step to further establish user needs. The third step (ideate) encourages designers to brainstorm systematically and generate various ideas. The fourth step (prototype) involves filtering and concretizing ideas generated during the third step to propose test plans for user experience, interaction, and dialog. The final step (test) entails refining solutions by gathering user feedback through the test plans proposed during the fourth step. Recent studies integrating design thinking into education have reported a strong correlation between design thinking processes and creativity. This teaching approach empowers teachers with problem-solving abilities and confidence in creativity; thus, design thinking is an effective method for addressing teaching challenges. The study’s variables are explained as follows: Creative tendencies refer to an individual’s personality traits exhibited during creative activities. Integrating creative thinking and problem-solving methods into curricula effectively enhances a student’s creative tendencies. Creative teaching involves incorporating creativity into teaching methods to stimulate and support students’ creative expression. Creative teaching self-efficacy refers to a teacher’s confidence in their ability to creatively teach and influence student learning outcomes. Teachers with higher creative teaching self-efficacy are more confident in implementing creative teaching practices. Design thinking skills refer to the ability to iteratively generate an extensive array of ideas and then narrow them to optimal options during product development. Such skills involve the continual experimentation, refinement, and resolution of existing problems or recommendation of innovative ideas on existing objects. This study integrated design thinking into creative teaching in order to encourage preservice teachers to identify topics for improvement and generate creative teaching plans through practical application. It further examined whether this integration can enhance teachers’ capabilities such as creative tendencies, creative teaching self-efficacy, and design thinking skills. Methods This study included 28 preservice teachers (14 men, 14 women) with an average (standard deviation) age of 20 (4.80) years. They volunteered to participate in the study and were divided into seven groups of four individuals each. Employing a single-group pre-/post-test design supplemented with qualitative data analysis, we conducted pre- and post-tests at the beginning and end of the semester, respectively. We assessed the participants’ creative tendencies, creative teaching self-efficacy, and design thinking skills by using Lin and Wang’s (1994) Williams Creative Tendency Scale (a revised version of F.E. Williams’ Creativity Assessment Packet), the Creative Teaching Self-Efficacy Scale compiled by Lin and Qiu (2008), and the Design Thinking Ability Scale developed by Xie (2012), respectively. Additionally, after the course concluded, two participants from each group were selected for a 40-min qualitative interview aimed at understanding their learning experiences and attitudes toward the integration of design thinking into creative teaching courses. Results This study analyzed all student metrics by using dependent-sample t-tests. The participants’ overall creative tendencies significantly differed between the pre- and post-test phases (t = 2.96, p < 0.01), indicating that integrating design thinking into creative teaching courses can enhance students’ overall creative tendencies. The participants’ creative teaching self-efficacy also differed significantly between the pre- and post-test phases (t = 5.84, p < 0.01), implying that integrating design thinking into creative teaching courses enhances preservice teachers’ overall creative teaching self-efficacy. Similarly, overall design thinking skills differed significantly between the pre- and post-test phases (t = 5.86, p < 0.01), signifying that integrating design thinking into creative teaching courses can enhance students’ design thinking skills. Discussion and Suggestions The results of this study imply that integrating design thinking into creative teaching courses can enhance preservice teachers’ creative tendencies, creative teaching self-efficacy, and design thinking skills. However, we also noted that during the teaching process, having students repeatedly brainstorm on the same topic led to difficulties in generating new ideas subsequently. Therefore, future research could provide students with flexible adjustments during the ideation stage, offering them different topics to practice various creative ideation strategies. Additionally, despite its positive results, this study did not explore the differences in variables between creative teaching courses incorporating design thinking and standard creative teaching courses. Accordingly, future research could include control groups to address this limitation.

Abstract Background Tinnitus affects approximately 740 million adults globally, involving hearing, emotion, and sleep systems. However, studies using polysomnography and pure-tone audiometry (PTA) are limited. We aimed to assess the correlation between tinnitus and hearing, sleep quality, characteristics, and depression using polysomnography and PTA. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we divided participants into tinnitus and non-tinnitus groups. We included 100 outpatients (65 with tinnitus, 35 without) from a medical center in Taiwan, who underwent polysomnography and completed rating scales including the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Chinese-Mandarin version of the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI-CM). We analyzed correlations, conducted group comparisons, assessed factors related to THI-CM scores, constructed ROC curves to predict depression in the tinnitus group, and performed multinomial and logistic regression to explore associations. Results Descriptive statistics identified a cohort with mean age 53.9 ± 12.80 years, 63% exhibited PHQ-9 scores ≥ 10, and 66% had Apnea–Hypopnea Index (AHI) > 5. The ratio of rapid eye movement and deep sleep to stage 1 + 2 sleep was relatively low and non-significant. Likewise, leg movements was higher in the tinnitus group but not statistically significant. In the tinnitus group, 63.08% had depression, and 81.54% had AHI > 5. Univariate logistic regression linked tinnitus to AHI > 5 (Odds ratio (OR) 2.67, p = 0.026) and male sex (OR 2.49, p = 0.034). A moderate positive correlation was found between the THI-CM score and PHQ-9 score (rs = 0.50, p 13 (OR 7.06, p = 0.018) and THI-CM scores > 47 (OR 7.43, p = 0.002) with depression. Conclusions Our study recruited tinnitus participants with slight or mild hearing loss and mild tinnitus handicap. Depression was identified as a predominant factor in tinnitus-related handicap. The mild tinnitus handicap in tinnitus participants may explain the lack of significant differences in depression, sleep quality, and polysomnographic sleep characteristics between tinnitus and non-tinnitus groups. Further extensive and prospective studies are needed to elucidate the complex links among depression, sleep, and tinnitus.