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An NFC tag chip employing the ISO/IEC14443-A protocol is developed in SMIC $0.13\mu \text{m}$ EEPROM 2P6M CMOS process, boasting a chip area of $620.03\mu \text{m}\times 567.93\mu \text{m}$ and a power consumption of under $100\mu \text{W}$ . The chip addresses critical issues such as reducing power consumption and minimizing area costs for covering numerous IoT nodes. For a small area of the chip, a specialized ESD protection circuit is proposed, efficiently multiplexing discharge transistors, cross-gate connected rectifiers, limiters for overvoltage protection, and load switch modulators within the chip’s limited space. For power efficiency, a compact $175.44\mu \text{m}\times 32.98\mu \text{m}\,\,18.52\mu \text{A}$ LDO based on the current mirror and current feedback is presented for the DC supply during the 100% ASK modulation. Additionally, an ASK demodulator and a 13.56MHz±kHz clock generator are designed in compact areas of $62.19\mu \text{m}\times 56.06\mu \text{m}$ and $24.76\mu \text{m}\times 13.14\mu \text{m}$ , respectively. These components ensure stable protocol communication with digital circuits and support a 7kb EEPROM, providing a comprehensive solution for NFC-based IoT information collection.

Objectives: To summarize the clinical characteristics and investigate the efficacy of ethanol embolotherapy in the treatment of chest well arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Treatment-associated complications were also explored.Materials and Methods: Between March 2017 and August 2021, 32 consecutive patients (mean age, 23.7 years; age range, 5–54 years) who underwent ethanol embolotherapy for chest well AVMs under general anesthesia were included in this study. Embolization was performed through a direct puncture, transarterial catheterization, or a combination of the 2 procedures. The mean follow-up duration after the last treatment was 18.0 months (range, 3–42 months). The degree of devascularization on follow-up (assessed using angiography or computed tomography), and the clinical signs and symptoms of AVMs were evaluated as the therapeutic outcomes. The major and minor complications associated with the procedures were recorded.Results: A total of 103 embolization procedures (mean, 3.2; range, 2–7) comprising 101 ethanol embolization and 2 coil embolizations were performed on 32 patients with chest wall AVMs. The AVM nidus was accessed through the transarterial approach alone in 4 patients, by direct puncture in 11, and a combined procedure in 17 patients. Overall, more than 80% of the procedures were performed using the combined approach. Complete AVM devascularization was achieved in 12 (37.5%) patients. Moreover, 76% to 99% AVM was achieved in 18 patients (56.3%), and 50% to 75% in 2 patients (6.3%). Bleeding, pain, heart failure, and cosmetic deformities were the indications for treatment. For 3 patients (3/32, 9.4%) who had bleeding, the treatment stopped the hemorrhage. Complete pain relief was reported in 8 patients (8/32, 25.0%), whereas complete relief from congestive heart failure post-embolization was observed in 5 of the 6 patients with congestive heart failure (5/6, 83.3%). Complete correction of cosmesis deformities after embolization was achieved in 10 patients (10/32, 31.3%). Two patients who underwent surgery to correct persistent deformity after embolization only showed insignificant improvement. In addition, 6 (18.8%) patients developed 13 complications including blister, necrosis, hemothorax, transient hemoglobinuria, and transient pulmonary artery hypertension.Conclusions: Ethanol embolotherapy is a safe and effective procedure for chest well AVMs. Surgery is required for some patients with residual cosmesis deformity.Clinical Impact Currently, there is no standard treatment for chest well AVMs due to their rarity and high heterogeneity. The present study shows that thanol embolotherapy is a safe and clinically effective treatment procedure for the chest well AVMs. Transarterial embolization in combination with direct puncture embolization can reach the AVM nidus. Ethanol embolotherapy can achieve complete obliteration of the AVM nidus in the majority of patients. Surgery may still be needed to correct cosmetic deformity after embolization. The present study provides valuable evidence to inform clinical decision-making.