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The development of drug resistance remains a major challenge in cancer treatment. Ferroptosis, a unique type of regulated cell death, plays a pivotal role in inhibiting tumour growth, presenting new opportunities in treating chemotherapeutic resistance. Accumulating studies indicate that epigenetic modifications by non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) can determine cancer cell vulnerability to ferroptosis. In this review, we first summarize the role of chemotherapeutic resistance in cancer growth/development. Then, we summarize the core molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis, its upstream epigenetic regulation, and its downstream effects on chemotherapeutic resistance. Finally, we review recent advances in understanding how ncRNAs regulate ferroptosis and from such modulate chemotherapeutic resistance. This review aims to enhance general understanding of the ncRNA-mediated epigenetic regulatory mechanisms which modulate ferroptosis, highlighting the ncRNA-ferroptosis axis as a key druggable target in overcoming chemotherapeutic resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights This study investigated the effect of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and reclaimed gypsum of varying contents on the mechanical properties and thermal stability of polypropylene (PP) composite materials. The results indicated that the incorporation of reclaimed gypsum and MWCNTs powder into PP composites could enhance the tensile strength, impact strength, and bending modulus of PP to a certain extent. The above properties of AGY/MWCNTs/PP composites were increased by 14.6%, 131.8%, and 36.2%, respectively, with the impact properties being significantly affected. Univariate analysis of variance revealed that MWCNTs powder and recycled gypsum exerted a significant impact on the mechanical properties of polypropylene composites. Moreover, the initial weight loss temperature of AGY/MWCNTs/PP demonstrated a notable increase, from 318.71 to 398.48°C, while the maximum weight loss temperature exhibited a comparable rise, from 406.85 to 461.54°C. The impact performance and thermal stability of polypropylene composite materials have been demonstrably augmented. A synergistic effect between reclaimed gypsum and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes in the reinforcement of polypropylene composites was demonstrated. This provides a theoretical framework and practical guidance for the design and preparation of high‐performance and recyclable polymer composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives There are three major subtypes of breast cancer, ER+, HER2+ and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), namely ER−, PR−, HER2−. TNBC is the most aggressive breast cancer with poor prognosis and no target drug up to now. Actinomycin D (ActD) is a bioactive metabolite of marine bacteria that has been reported to have antitumor activity. The aim of study is to investigate whether ActD has a synergetic effect on TNBC with Doxorubicin (Dox), the major chemotherapeutic drug for TNBC, and explore the underlying mechanism. Methods TNBC cell lines HCC1937, MDA-MB-436 and nude mice were used in the study. Drug synergy determination, LDH assay, MMP assay, Hoechst 33342 staining, Flow cytometry, Flexible docking and CESTA assay were carried out. The expression of proteins associated with apoptosis was checked by Western blot and siRNA experiments were performed to investigate the role of P53 and PUMA induced by drugs. Results There was much higher apoptosis rate of cells in the ActD + Dox group than that in ActD group or Dox group. Expression of MDM2 and BCL-2 was reduced while expression of P53, PUMA and BAX were increased in the groups treated with ActD + Dox or Dox compared to the control group. Furthermore, P53 siRNA or PUMA siRNA tremendously abrogated the cell apoptosis in the groups treated by ActD, Dox and ActD + Dox. Flexible docking and CESTA showed that ActD can bind MDM2. Conclusions ActD had a synergetic effect on TNBC with Dox via P53-dependent apoptosis and it may be a new choice for treatment of TNBC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights 3D printing of continuous carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (C‐CFRTP) composites is a promising fabricating process to achieve complex lightweight structures within a short time; nevertheless, low mechanical performance between printed layers is always a limitation. Adding short carbon fibers during C‐CFRTP fabrication could achieve short‐continuous carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (S/C‐CFRTP) composites with enhanced mechanical properties. However, the underlying reinforcement mechanism is not well understood, which hinders the optimization of 3D printing process for S/C‐CFRTP. This paper investigates reinforcing behavior of short carbon fibers and impregnation behavior of the matrix (short carbon fiber reinforced PA6) under various 3D printing conditions. The results indicate that promoting both reinforcing and impregnation behaviors during S/C‐CFRTP 3D printing can improve mechanical performance. As short carbon fiber content increases, the mechanical performance initially experiences enhancement caused by the reinforcing behavior of short fibers, followed by a decline attributed to the insufficient impregnation of the molten matrix. Higher nozzle temperatures facilitate the impregnation behavior of the molten matrix, resulting in superior mechanical performance. Moreover, by leveraging the reinforcement mechanism, the optimal parameter combination is proposed to improve tensile, flexural, and interlaminar shear strengths of the 3D‐printed S/C‐CFRTP to approximately 368.27, 319.80, and 20.09 MPa, respectively. Reinforcement mechanism is revealed by reinforcing and impregnation behaviors. Short carbon fiber content affects both reinforcing and impregnation behaviors. Beyond 15 wt%, short carbon fiber content shows adverse effects on performance. High nozzle temperature promotes impregnation behavior to improve performance. Optimal parameters raise 19.8% tensile, 39.9% flexural and 161.2% shear strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]