Search

Previously, we have prepared clam peptides (RBPs) that exhibited potential antihypertension and kidney protective effects in SHR rats by fermentation of Ruditapes philippinarum with Bacillus natto. In this study, we established an adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) in SD rats and investigated the improvement effects of RBPs on CKD. The results showed that compared with the model group, 8 weeks gavage of RBPs restored the structure of the kidney and reduced serum levels of CKD-related biochemical indicators, including NGAL, CR, Ca, UA, TG, IP, L-FABP, BUN, CHO, and cystatin C (p < 0.05). RBPs treatment also reduced serum levels of MDA, IL-1β, TGF-β1, and TNF-α and increased those of CAT and T-AOC (p < 0.05). In addition, the results of intestinal microbiota analysis showed that RBPs improved the intestinal flora composition by downregulating the proportion of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, decreasing the relative abundance of Romboutsia, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and increasing that of Lactobacillus and Muribaculaceae (p < 0.05). The results of this study indicated that RBPs can also be used as bioactive substances in marine drugs or functional foods to alleviate CKD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A drug conjugate consists of a cytotoxic drug bound via a linker to a targeted ligand, allowing the targeted delivery of the drug to one or more tumor sites. This approach simultaneously reduces drug toxicity and increases efficacy, with a powerful combination of efficient killing and precise targeting. Antibody‒drug conjugates (ADCs) are the best-known type of drug conjugate, combining the specificity of antibodies with the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs to reduce adverse reactions by preferentially targeting the payload to the tumor. The structure of ADCs has also provided inspiration for the development of additional drug conjugates. In recent years, drug conjugates such as ADCs, peptide‒drug conjugates (PDCs) and radionuclide drug conjugates (RDCs) have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The scope and application of drug conjugates have been expanding, including combination therapy and precise drug delivery, and a variety of new conjugation technology concepts have emerged. Additionally, new conjugation technology-based drugs have been developed in industry. In addition to chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, drug conjugate therapy has undergone continuous development and made significant progress in treating lung cancer in recent years, offering a promising strategy for the treatment of this disease. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the use of drug conjugates for lung cancer treatment, including structure-based drug design, mechanisms of action, clinical trials, and side effects. Furthermore, challenges, potential approaches and future prospects are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and fatigue are two common diseases endangering human life and health that may interact and reinforce one another. Myocardial infarction survivors frequently experience fatigue, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases that cause fatigue-induced sudden death. Sheng Mai Yin (SMY), a Chinese medicine prescription, is traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and has been demonstrated to reduce fatigue and safeguard cardiac function. This study aims to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of SMY in treating fatigue and AMI. The pharmacological mechanisms of SMY in treating fatigue and AMI were predicted by bioinformatics and network pharmacology methods. After administering SMY at high, medium and low doses, the swimming time to exhaustion, hemoglobin level, serological parameters and hypoxia tolerance time were detected in C57BL/6N mice, and the left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), grasp strength, cardiac histopathology, serological parameters and the expression of PINK1 and Parkin proteins were examined in Wistar rats. 371 core targets for SMY and 282 disease targets for fatigue and AMI were obtained using bioinformatics and network pharmacology methods. Enrichment analysis of target genes revealed that SMY might interfere with fatigue and AMI through biological processes such as mitochondrial autophagy, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. For in vivo experiments, SMY showed significant anti-fatigue and hypoxia tolerance effects in mice; It also improved the cardiac function and grasp strength, decreased their cardiac index, myocardial injury and fibrosis degree, and induced serological parameters levels and the expression of PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkin proteins in myocardium, suggesting that SMY may exert cardioprotective effects in a joint rat model of fatigue and AMI by inhibiting excessive mitochondrial autophagy. This study revealed the anti-fatigue, anti-hypoxia and cardioprotective effects of SMY in a joint model of fatigue-AMI, and the pharmacological mechanism may be related to the inhibition of mitochondrial autophagy in cardiomyocytes through the PINK1/Parkin pathway. The discoveries may provide new ideas for the mechanism study of traditional Chinese medicine, especially complex prescriptions, in treating fatigue and AMI. [Display omitted] • Fatigue and acute myocardial infarction may be related to apoptotic process. • Sheng Mai Yin reduced fatigue, hypoxia and heart damage in mice and rats. • Sheng Mai Yin may suppress PINK1 and Parkin expression in the mitochondrial autophagy of myocardium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]