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Objective: Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, and cervical incompetence (CIC) is a significant contribution. Cervical cerclage (CC) is an effective obstetric intervention. However, many clinical factors affect the success rate of surgery. The objective was to investigate and compare the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of patients who underwent ultrasound- and physical examination-indicated cervical cerclage and to explore the influencing factors of preterm delivery before 34 weeks. Methods: The sociodemographic characteristics and clinical data of patients with a diagnosis of cervical incompetence who underwent ultrasound- and physical examination-indicated transvaginal cervical cerclage at Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of the patients were evaluated. Continuous variables were compared using Student's t test (for normally distributed data) or the Mann-Whitney U test (for nonnormally distributed data). Categorical variables were analysed using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Additionally, logistic regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the associations of inflammatory markers with maternal and neonatal outcomes. Results: This study included 141 participants who underwent cervical cerclage, including 71 with ultrasound-indicated cerclage and 70 with physical examination-indicated cerclage. Compared to those in the ultrasound-indicated cerclage group, the duration from cerclage to delivery, birth weight, and APGAR score in the physical examination-indicated cerclage group were significantly lower, and the rates of delivery at < 28 weeks, < 32 weeks, < 34 weeks, and < 37 weeks of gestation and neonatal mortality were significantly higher (all P < 0.05). Compared to those in the physical ultrasound-indicated cerclage group, in the physical examination-indicated cerclage group, maternal blood inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) were significantly higher (P < 0.05). Additionally, maternal blood inflammatory markers, such as the CRP, white blood cell count, platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), SII, and SIRI were significantly higher in the group with delivery before 34 weeks of gestation. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that twin pregnancy had the highest OR for preterm delivery before 34 weeks of gestation (OR = 3.829; 95% CI 1.413–10.373; P = 0.008), as well as the following: the SII level (OR = 1.001; 95% CI 1.000-1.002; P = 0.003) and CRP level (OR = 1.083; 95% CI 1.038–1.131; P = 0.022). The risk factors for preterm delivery before 34 weeks of gestation were twin gestation, an increased SII level and an increased CRP level, which had good combined predictive value. Conclusion: In patients with cervical insufficiency, ultrasound-indicated cervical cerclage appears to lead to better pregnancy outcomes than physical examination-indicated cerclage. Twin pregnancy and maternal blood inflammatory markers, such as the CRP level and the SII, are associated with preterm delivery before 34 weeks of gestation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyacinth bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet], a plant belonging to the leguminous family and traditionally used for medicinal purposes in China, is a valuable resource with a wide range of health benefits. This review examines the bioactive compounds, health‐promoting properties and functional food potential of hyacinth bean, highlighting its role in protecting against metabolic diseases and the underlying molecular mechanisms. According to existing research, hyacinth bean contains a diverse array of bioactive compounds, Consumption of hyacinth beans and hyacinth bean‐related processed food products, as well as their use in medicines, is associated with a variety of health benefits that are increasingly favoured by the scientific community. In light of these findings, we posit that hyacinth bean holds great promise for further research and food application. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clopidol is extensively used in livestock farming and residues of this antibiotic can persist in animal tissues, posing a risk to humans and the environment. In this study, we investigated the depletion of clopidol in various edible tissues of chickens (muscle, liver, kidney, fat, and eggs) using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry after the administration of a clopidol-contaminated diet (at 250 mg kg−1 for the high (1x) dose). After 14 d of exposure, the clopidol concentrations were highest in eggs (median: 9.83 mg/kg), followed by liver (3.56 mg/kg), kidney (3.01 mg/kg), muscle (1.56 mg/kg), and fat (0.727 mg/kg) at low exposure group, indicating that clopidol accumulated primarily in eggs rather than the other edible tissues. In addition, the maternal transfer ratios were estimated, and the transfer efficiencies of clopidol in muscle (egg-to-tissue ratio, ETR:1.81) and fat (2.06–58.2) were higher than those in liver (0.731–31.1) and kidney (0.832–38.9). Furthermore, we conducted a cumulative risk assessment for clopidol in edible chicken tissues using the hazard quotient (HQ) method. This assessment revealed that the exposure levels for Korean consumers pose an acceptable risk. However, for eggs from the 1x dose exposure group, the HQ values were greater than 1 for all age groups, particularly for young children (<18 y), suggesting that the higher daily consumption of eggs combined with the higher clopidol residues in eggs resulted in higher HQ values, which requires further attention. The findings of this study can assist in the management and monitoring of clopidol residues in chicken tissues and eggs [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study compared the differences of microvesicles (MVs) and microvesicles-delivering Smad7 (Smad7-MVs) on macrophage M1 polarization and fibroblast differentiation in a model of Peyronie's disease (PD). Methods: Overexpression of Smad7 in rat BMSCs was obtained by pCMV5-Smad7 transfection. MVs were collected from rat BMSCs using ultracentrifugation. In cells, 100 µg/mL of MVs or Smad7-MVs were used to treat the 100 ng/mL of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells or 10 ng/mL of recombinant transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced fibroblasts. The pro-inflammatory cytokines and markers of M1 macrophages were measured in RAW264.7 cells, and the migration and markers of fibroblast differentiation were measured in fibroblasts. In rats, 50 µg of MVs or Smad7-MVs were used to treat the TGF-β1-induced animals. The pathology of tunica albuginea (TA), the markers of M1 macrophages and fibroblast differentiation in the TA were measured. Results: The MVs or Smad7-MVs treatment suppressed the LPS-induced macrophage M1 polarization and TGF-β1-induced fibroblast differentiation. Moreover, the Smad7-MVs treatment decreased the fibroblast differentiation compared with the MVs treatment. In the TGF-β1-induced TA of rats, MVs or Smad7-MVs treatment ameliorated the TA fibrosis by suppressing the macrophage M1 polarization and fibroblast differentiation. There was no significance on the M1-polarized macrophages between the MVs treatment and the Smad7-MVs treatment. Meanwhile, the Smad7-MVs treatment had an edge in terms of suppressing the fibroblast differentiation in the TGF-β1-induced PD model compared with the MVs treatment. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that Smad7-MVs treatment had advantages over MVs treatment in suppressing of fibroblast differentiation in a model of PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerical weather prediction (NWP), when accessible, is a crucial input to short-term solar power forecasting. WRF-Solar, the first NWP model specifically designed for solar energy applications, has shown promising predictive capability. Nevertheless, few attempts have been made to investigate its performance under high aerosol loading, which attenuates incoming radiation significantly. The North China Plain is a polluted region due to industrialization, which constitutes a proper testbed for such investigation. In this paper, aerosol direct radiative effect (DRE) on three surface shortwave radiation components (i.e., global, beam, and diffuse) during five heavy pollution episodes is studied within the WRF-Solar framework. Results show that WRF-Solar overestimates instantaneous beam radiation up to 795.3 W m−2 when the aerosol DRE is not considered. Although such overestimation can be partially offset by an underestimation of the diffuse radiation of about 194.5 W m−2, the overestimation of the global radiation still reaches 160.2 W m−2. This undesirable bias can be reduced when WRF-Solar is powered by Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) aerosol forecasts, which then translates to accuracy improvements in photovoltaic (PV) power forecasts. This work also compares the forecast performance of the CAMS-powered WRF-Solar with that of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts model. Under high aerosol loading conditions, the irradiance forecast accuracy generated by WRF-Solar increased by 53.2% and the PV power forecast accuracy increased by 6.8%. Significance Statement: Numerical weather prediction (NWP) is the "go-to" approach for achieving high-performance day-ahead solar power forecasting. Integrating time-varying aerosol forecasts into NWP models effectively captures aerosol direct radiation effects, thereby enhancing the accuracy of solar irradiance forecasts in heavily polluted regions. This work not only quantifies the aerosol effects on global, beam, and diffuse irradiance but also reveals the physical mechanisms of irradiance-to-power conversion by constructing a model chain. Using the North China Plain as a testbed, the performance of WRF-Solar on solar power forecasting on five severe pollution days is analyzed. This version of WRF-Solar can outperform the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts model, confirming the need for generating high spatial–temporal NWP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Satellite precipitation products (SPPs) have emerged as an alternative to estimate rainfall erosivity. However, prior studies showed that SPPs tend to underestimate rainfall erosivity but without reported bias-correction methods. This study evaluated the efficacy of two SPPs, namely, GPM_3IMERGHH (30-min and 0.1°) and GPM_3IMERGDF (daily and 0.1°), in estimating two erosivity indices in mainland China: the average annual rainfall erosivity (R-factor) and the 10-year event rainfall erosivity (10-yr storm EI), by comparing with that derived from gauge-observed hourly precipitation (Gauge-H). Results indicate that GPM_3IMERGDF yields higher accuracy than GPM_3IMERGHH, though both products generally underestimate these indices. The Percent Bias (PBIAS) is −55.48% for the R-factor and −56.38% for the 10-yr storm EI using GPM_3IMERGHH, which reduces to −10.86% and −32.99% with GPM_3IMERGDF. A bias-correction method was developed based on the systematic difference between SSPs and Gauge-H. A five-fold cross validation shows that with bias-correction, the accuracy of the R-factor and 10-yr storm EI for both SPPs improve considerably, and the difference between two SSPs is reduced. The PBIAS using GPM_3IMERGHH decreases to −0.06% and 0.01%, and that using GPM_3IMERGDF decreases to −0.33% and 0.14%, respectively, for the R-factor and 10-yr storm EI. The rainfall erosivity estimated with SPPs with bias-correction shows comparable accuracy to that obtained through Kriging interpolation using Gauge-H and is better than that interpolated from gauge-observed daily precipitation. Given their high temporal and spatial resolution, and timely updates, GPM_3IMERGHH and GPM_3IMERGDF are viable data products for rainfall erosivity estimation with bias correction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cr 0.5 Al 0.5 N x (x = 0.33, 0.81, 1.23) coatings were deposited on Zry-4 alloy using magnetron reaction sputtering technique to investigate their application as accident-tolerant fuel materials. The effects of nitrogen (N) content on the phase composition and high-temperature steam oxidation resistance of the coatings were systematically investigated. With the increasing N content, the phase composition of the coatings is mainly transformed from Cr(Al) to the cubic- CrAlN phase, which may be due to the formation of a greater number of Cr N bonds and Al N bonds. The high-N content of the Cr 0.5 Al 0.5 N x coating can significantly enhance the high-temperature steam oxidation resistance of zirconium alloy. Compared to the bare Zr alloy, the weight gain oxidation of the Cr 0.5 Al 0.5 N 1.23 coating is reduced by 45 % after oxidation at 1200 °C for 1 h. The oxide layer thickness of the bare Zry-4 alloy is as high as 350 μm, while the oxide layer thickness of the Cr 0.5 Al 0.5 N 1.23 coating is only about 12 μm. The complex oxide layer structure and an internal continuous Al 2 O 3 layer are formed, effectively preventing the inward diffusion of O2−. In addition, with the increase of N content in the coatings, the degree of interdiffusion between the coating and the substrate is weakened. The formation of α-Zr(N) layer in the Cr 0.5 Al 0.5 N 1.23 coating significantly inhibits the interdiffusion between the coating and the substrate. • The phase composition of Cr 0.5 Al 0.5 N x coatings is mainly transformed from Cr(Al) to cubic -CrAlN with increasing N content. • The oxide layer structure and a continuous Al 2 O 3 layer of Cr 0.5 Al 0.5 N 1.23 coating prevented the inward diffusion of O2−. • The α-Zr(N) layer in the Cr 0.5 Al 0.5 N 1.23 coating significantly inhibits the interdiffusion between coating and substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A high-quality solar power forecasting system that strictly adheres to grid regulations is valuable for system operators to formulate strategies for power system scheduling. Some grid operators, therefore, enact penalty schemes for the forecasts submitted by photovoltaic (PV) plant owners, as a means to fortify truthful and high-quality forecast submissions. From the perspectives of both plant owners and grid operators, this study inquires into the quality-to-value mapping of solar forecasts in the context of power system day-ahead scheduling. A physics-based solar power forecasting method is presented, which consists of two steps. Firstly, ensemble numerical weather prediction (NWP) is summarized into point forecasts. Then irradiance is converted to power via a physical model chain. The results reveal that the two-step physics-based forecasting method has an advantage over a winning method in Global Energy Forecasting Competition 2014 in terms of several accuracy measures. Subsequently, the economics of solar forecasting is quantified through performing day-ahead scheduling on a modified IEEE 30-bus system with PV and battery storage. It is demonstrated that, by respecting the statistical theory on consistency and elicitability when extracting point forecasts from NWP ensembles, both power system operators and PV plant owners can benefit profoundly in terms of cost savings. The former sees fewer needs for reserves, while the latter is less penalized. The data and Python code used to produce the results are also provided to enhance the reproducibility of this work. [Display omitted] • Solar power forecasts are integrated into a power system day-ahead scheduling framework. • The statistical theory on consistency and elicitability is used to summarize ensemble NWP. • Achieved 5% cost savings on power system reserve needs. • Achieved up to 82% cost savings on penalty of submitted forecasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benefitting from the synergistic effect of the continuous 3D NZSP framework and PEO/PVDF-HFP asymmetric polymer electrolyte layer, the novel composite solid electrolyte for solid-state sodium metal batteries exhibits ultrahigh ion transference number and stability. [Display omitted] • A novel 3D-NZSP solid electrolyte was synthesized via using NaCl as the templatewe. • The 3D-15PNZSPP exhibits an outstanding transference number of 0.82 at temperature of 30 °C. • The Na/3D-15PNZSPP/Na symmetric cell can cycle for 700 h with a small overpotential. • The assembled Na 0.67 Li 0.24 Mn 0.76 O 2 /3D-15PNZSPP/Na batteries demonstrate remarkable cycling stability. The combination of a Na-ion conducting filler and polymer matrix in composite solid electrolyte (CSE) presents a promising and attractive strategy for improving the energy density and safety of the sodium-metal batteries. The agglomeration and precipitation of inorganic ceramic fillers in the polymer matrix present a major challenge leading to the decreased Na ion conductivity property and transference number, increased interfacial resistance, and worsened mechanical properties of CSEs. Herein, we introduce a novel composite solid electrolyte (denoted as 3D-15PNZSPP), comprising a three-dimensional interconnected porous Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 framework integrated with an asymmetric polymer electrolyte layer, which not only offers continuous conductive pathways and high mechanical strength for Na ions transfer, but also enhances the interfacial compatibility and expands the electrochemical stability window. The 3D-15PNZSPP CSE shows a high Na+ conductivity of 7.6 × 10−4 S cm−1 and an outstanding transference number of 0.82 at temperature of 30 °C. These characteristics enable the Na/3D-15PNZSPP/Na symmetric cell to cycle for over 700 h with a small overpotential. More importantly, the assembled all solid-state Na 0.67 Li 0.24 Mn 0.76 O 2 /3D-15PNZSPP/Na batteries demonstrate remarkable cycling stability and high rate capability, indicating a promising and facile strategy for designing ultra-safe and high-performance solid-state sodium metal batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Combination of index system and improved SVM realizes identifying violations. • The KNBN and DBTC methods improve the efficiency of dynamic recognition. • The KNBN-CSSVM-DBTC strategy enhances the recall rate of the violation class. Accurate and real-time identification of market power abuse is a key task in the management of electricity market violations. However, there are few effective monitoring methods for extremely imbalanced datasets and progressively increasing amounts of data in actual market transactions. To address the aforementioned problems, this paper proposes an improved support vector machine by considering the index system, which can not only realize identification automatically but also minimize the credit risk of power market transactions. Firstly, the dataset is composed of an indicator system for measuring market power abuses. Secondly, a comprehensive algorithm for identifying offending data is proposed, which combines the K-Nearest Bound Neighbor and the distance between the means of two classes methods to overcome the shortcomings of traditional support vector machines with long training time due to the high dimensionality and progressively increasing amounts of data in actual market transactions, and the Cost-sensitive Support Vector Machine to tackle the problem of inefficient identification due to few tags in transaction data. Finally, five different features of constructed datasets and a power market synthetic dataset are tested, and results indicate that the proposed method can ensure high classification accuracy while significantly improving recognition speed and recall for violation data, which is more suitable for Chinese electricity market data and provide a dynamic detection method to identify market power abuse precisely and quickly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method for simultaneous determination of 12 mycotoxins in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae by HPLC-MS/MS was established to analyze the residues of mycotoxins, inwhich from Three Gorges Reservoir area of China, including AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, T-2, FB1, FB2, FB3, ZEN, OTA, OTB and DON.In addition, a probabilistic assessment model based on Monte Carlo simulation method was established in combination with pollution data, and the health risk assessment was carried out by the exposure limit method (MOE).The results showed that the method with strong specificity, good linearity and accurate recovery was established and could be used for the determination of 12 mycotoxins in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae.In general, the total pollution rate of different degrees of pollution in the 36 batches of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae sampleswas 75 %. It should be noted thatthe proportion of positive samplescontaminated by one toxin was the highest (59.26 %), and the detection rate of FB3 in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae was the highest (66.67%), followed by AFG1 (44.44 %), indicating that the medicinal material polluted by AFG1 and AFB3 alone or simultaneously was more serious. Specifically, the detection rate of mycotoxins in Chongqing was the highest (92.31%) on account of the high temperature and humidity in Chongqing, followed by Southeast of Sichuan (83.33%) and West of Hubei (45.45%).On the other hand, the MOE of AFB1 and AFB2 calculated were both greater than 10000, indicating that the health risk of AFB1 and AFB2 exposure caused by taking Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae was low, but the risk of high intake population was higher than that of conventional intake population, which needed to be paid attention to. This study can provide a reference for the safety assessment of clinical medication of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae inThree Gorges Reservoir area. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guanxinning(GXN) tablet is a patented traditional Chinese medicine widely used to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases. However, its potential mechanism and target in anti-diabetic atherosclerosis have not been clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying targets and mechanisms of action GXN in the treatment of diabetic atherosclerosis, employing a combination of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro experimental verification. We predicted the core components and targets of GXN in the treatment of diabetic atherosclerosis through various databases, and made analysis and molecular docking. In vitro , we induced injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells using glucose/palmitate and observed the effects of GXN on cellular damage high-glucose and high-fat conditions, subsequently elucidating its molecular mechanisms. A total of 14 active components and 157 targets of GXN were identified. Using the PPI network, we selected 9 core active components and 20 targets of GXN. GO functional analysis revealed that these targets were primarily associated with apoptosis signaling pathways in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress and reactive oxygen species responses. Molecular docking confirmed the strong binding affinities of the primary active components of GXN with ERN1, MAPK1 and BECN1. In vitro experiments demonstrated the ability of GXN to restore endothelial cell activity, enhance cell migration and inhibit sICAM secretion, and upregulate the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins (IRE1, XBP1) and autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1, LC3A, and LC3B), while simultaneously inhibiting endothelial cell apoptosis under high-glucose and high-fat conditions. Our findings suggest that GXN can potentially safeguard endothelial cells from the adverse effects of high-glucose and high-fat by modulating the interactions between endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy. Therefore, GXN is a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of diabetic atherosclerosis. [Display omitted] • GXN treats diabetic atherosclerosis through multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway. • ERN1, MAPK1, BECN1, BCL2, CASP8, CASP3 are key targets of GXN against diabetic atherosclerosis. • GXN inhibits cell apoptosis by upregulating the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins (IRE1, XBP1) and autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1, LC3A, and LC3B) in high glucose- and high fat-induced HUVECs. • GXN protects HUVEC from high glucose and high fat by modulating the interactive effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy. • GXN is a potential drug against diabetic atherosclerosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the realm of urban development, the issue of Urban Sprawl (USL) is increasingly being recognized as a significant externality, profoundly influencing Urban Safety Resilience (USR). This study addresses the dearth of research on the implications of USL within the context of New Infrastructure (NI) development and its impact on USR. Using panel data from 259 prefecture-level cities in China from 2009 to 2020, an USR index was constructed, encompassing social, infrastructure, economic, and environmental components. Applying the System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and panel threshold models, the study thoroughly examines the influences of USL and NI on USR. The findings reveal a significant negative correlation between USL and USR, while NI contributes positively to USR with a time-lagged effect. These results are robust across stability tests. Furthermore, the study uncovers a double threshold effect of USL on USR, with NI acting as the threshold variable. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the central and western regions of China experience a stronger negative impact of USL on USR. This research provides valuable theoretical insights into the relationship between USL and USR, offering guidelines for promoting safer urban development. • Confirms USL's negative correlation with USR in Chinese cities • Identifies NI as a positive counter to USL's adverse effects on USR • Discovers a double threshold effect of USL on USR, with NI as a moderator • Highlights greater USL impacts on USR in central/western China than eastern [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning approach that allows each client to retain its original data locally and share only the parameters of the local updates with the server. While FL can mitigate the problem of "data islands", the training process involving non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) data still faces the formidable challenge of model performance degradation due to "client drift" in practical applications. To address this challenge, in this paper, we design a novel approach termed " Tw o-fold Knowl e dg e Dis t illation for non-IID Fed erated Learning" (FedTweet), meticulously designed for the personalized training of both local and global models within various heterogeneous data contexts. Specifically, the server employs global pseudo-data for fine-tuning the initial aggregated model through knowledge distillation and adopts dynamic aggregation weights for local generators based on model similarity to ensure diversity in global pseudo-data. Clients freeze the received global model as a teacher model and conduct adversarial training between the local model and local generator, thus preserving the personalized information in the local updates while correcting their directions. FedTweet enables both global and local models to serve as teacher models for each other, ensuring bidirectional guarantees for personalization and generalization. Finally, extensive experiments conducted on benchmark datasets demonstrate that FedTweet outperforms several previous FL methods on heterogeneous datasets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple and practical tools for screening high-risk new-onset diabetes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (NODAP) are urgently needed to improve post-PCI prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the risk factors for NODAP and develop an online prediction tool using conventional variables based on a multicenter database. China evidence-based Chinese medicine database consisted of 249, 987 patients from 4 hospitals in mainland China. Patients ≥ 18 years with implanted coronary stents for acute coronary syndromes and did not have diabetes before PCI were enrolled in this study. According to the occurrence of new-onset diabetes mellitus after PCI, the patients were divided into NODAP and Non-NODAP. After least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and logistic regression, the model features were selected and then the nomogram was developed and plotted. Model performance was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, Hosmer–Lemeshow test and decision curve analysis. The nomogram was also externally validated at a different hospital. Subsequently, we developed an online visualization tool and a corresponding risk stratification system to predict the risk of developing NODAP after PCI based on the model. A total of 2698 patients after PCI (1255 NODAP and 1443 non-NODAP) were included in the final analysis based on the multicenter database. Five predictors were identified after screening: fasting plasma glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertension, family history of diabetes and use of diuretics. And then we developed a web-based nomogram () incorporating the above conventional factors for predicting patients at high risk for NODAP. The nomogram showed good discrimination, calibration and clinical utility and could accurately stratify patients into different NODAP risks. We developed a simple and practical web-based nomogram based on multicenter database to screen for NODAP risk, which can assist clinicians in accurately identifying patients at high risk of NODAP and developing post-PCI management strategies to improved patient prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Echo state networks (ESNs), a special class of recurrent neural networks (RNNs), have attracted extensive attention in time series prediction problems. Nevertheless, the memory ability of ESNs is contradictory to nonlinear mapping, which limits the prediction performance of the network on complex time series. To balance the memory ability and the nonlinear mapping, an improved ESN model is proposed, named memory augmented echo state network (MA-ESN). When designing MA-ESN, both linear memory modules and nonlinear mapping modules are introduced into the reservoir in a new way of combination. The linear memory module improves the memory ability, while the nonlinear mapping module retains the nonlinear mapping of the network. Meanwhile, the echo state property of MA-ESN has been analyzed in theory. Finally, we have evaluated the memory ability and prediction performance of the proposed MA-ESN on benchmark time series data sets. The related experimental results demonstrate that the MA-ESN model outperforms some similar ESN models with a special memory mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has significant potential for various applications and holds clinical value in regenerative medicine. Cryopreservation is used to extend the preservation period of PRP, facilitating its clinical application. However, the potential negative effects of long-term cryopreservation on platelet storage lesion are still uncertain. In this study, PRP was stored at − 30 °C or − 80 °C. Platelet count, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, and CD62P expression were assessed on the 14th and 28th days. The study also evaluated platelet mitochondria morphology and function, serotonin (5-HT) secretion by platelets, and the inflammatory activating effect of cryopreserved platelets in PRP. The results showed that there were no significant differences in platelet count, the content of 5-HT, and inflammatory effects between fresh PRP and PRP cryopreserved at both − 30 °C and − 80 °C. However, there was an increase in ROS level, apoptosis, and CD62P level after cryopreservation at both temperatures. Additionally, the levels of ROS, apoptosis, and CD62P in platelets were similar after storage at − 30 °C and − 80 °C. The main difference observed was that the morphology and function of mitochondria were severely damaged after storage at − 30 °C, while they were less affected at − 80 °C. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that storing PRP at − 80 °C is more suitable for achieving a better therapeutic effect in clinical applications, but cryopreservation could not replace the current standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• CM exhibit "Turn-On" blue fluorescence response for Ca2+ in solution, which is free from interference of co-existing cations. • "Tyndall Effect" can be observed during chelation, blue emissive nanowires induced by aggregation were investigated. • The molecular docking result reveals CM can bind with receptor 1A of melatonin via hydrogen bond. • CM and its Ca2+ complex shows good cell permeability and low cytotoxicity, their localization in organelle were studied. Due to a physiological significant role of calcium ion, it is essential to develop ways of detecting and monitor the level of Ca2+ ions in living cell. Herein, we rationally designed and synthesized a functional blue fluorescent compound CM based on amide condensation of coumarin and melatonin. Interestingly, it could exhibit an "On-OFF" fluorescence response for Ca2+ in an aqueous environment with 80-fold enhancement in bright blue emission, which is also free from interference of other co-existing cations of high concentration. A detection limit of 0.28 ppm was obtained, and the binding ratio of CM and Ca2+ is further investigated by Job's plot. After coordination of CM with calcium ion, a significant "Tyndall Effect" can be observed, and blue emissive nanowires induced by aggregation of complex of CM and Ca2+ were further investigated by Dynamic Light Scattering, analysis of Zeta potential, and confocal imaging. The molecular docking of CM with melatonin receptor 1A is also conducted. MTT assay reveals that CM ligand and the corresponding Ca2+ complex are non-cytotoxic. Moreover, CM shows good membrane permeability, and the relative cellular uptake mechanism is mainly dominated by an energy-dependent process. CM and its complex of Ca2+ can be further used as intracellular luminescent imaging probes and their localization in cell organelles is also revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Methods Results Significance Methyl CpG‐binding protein 2 (MECP2) duplication syndrome is a rare X‐linked genomic disorder affecting predominantly males, which is usually manifested as epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comorbidity. The transgenic line MeCP2Tg1 was used for mimicking MECP2 duplication syndrome and showed autism–epilepsy co‐occurrence. Previous works suggested that the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) imbalance is a potential common mechanism for both epilepsy and ASD. The projection neurons and parvalbumin (PV) interneurons account for the majority of E/I balance in the hippocampus. Therefore, we explored how structural changes of projection and PV+ neurons occur in the hippocampus of MeCP2Tg1 mice and whether these morphological changes contribute to epilepsy susceptibility.We used the interneuron Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs mouse model to inhibit inhibitory neurons in the hippocampus to verify the epilepsy susceptibility of MeCP2Tg1 (FVB, an inbred strain named as sensitivity to Friend leukemia virus) mice. Electroencephalograms were recorded for the definition of seizure. We performed retro‐orbital injection of virus in MeCP2Tg1 (FVB):CaMKIIα‐Cre (C57BL/6) mice or MeCP2Tg1:PV‐Cre (C57BL/6) mice and their littermate controls to specifically label projection and PV+ neurons for structural analysis.Epilepsy susceptibility was increased in MeCP2Tg1 mice. There was a reduced number of PV neurons and reduced dendritic complexity in the hippocampus of MeCP2Tg1 mice. The dendritic complexity in MeCP2Tg1 mice was increased compared to wild‐type mice, and total dendritic spine density in dentate gyrus of MeCP2Tg1 mice was also increased. Total dendritic spine density was increased in CA1 of MeCP2Tg1 mice.Overexpression of MeCP2 may disrupt crucial signaling pathways, resulting in decreased dendritic complexity of PV interneurons and increased dendritic spine density of projection neurons. This reciprocal modulation of excitatory and inhibitory neuronal structures associated with MeCP2 implies its significance as a potential target in the development of epilepsy and offers a novel perspective on the co‐occurrence of autism and epilepsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) contains various biological macromolecules, such as polysaccharides, saponins, and proteins, which have various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and hypoglycemic effects. Consequently, the utilization of novel processing technologies developed an American ginseng beverage to meet people's health needs and the preferences of young people. This study was the first to use American ginseng as a primary raw material, utilizing a three‐step enzymatic hydrolysis approach with cellulase, pectinase, amylase, maltase, and flavor protease enzymes to prepare an American ginseng beverage. The basic nutritional and active ingredient contents of the product were determined. The antioxidant activity of enzymatic beverages was evaluated by calculating the free radical clearance rates of DPPH and ABTS, and the effect of enzymatic beverages on α‐glucosidase activity was also tested. The anti‐inflammatory activity of RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS was evaluated by measuring the production of NO, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 during the enzymatic hydrolysis process. The results indicated that the nutritional components of American ginseng beverage products met the beverage industry standards. Moreover, the application of enzymatic hydrolysis technology had improved the antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities of American ginseng beverages. In addition, the enzymatic beverage of American ginseng exhibited certain hypoglycemic activity. Consequently, the established enzymatic hydrolysis technology provided a reference for the production of other beverage products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decades of research have been conducted on 10-Methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) through numerous studies. The mechanisms by which its residual calcium salts benefit dentin bonding remain undetermined. The objective of the research was to investigate the role and process of remaining calcium salts in the priming procedure and their capacity for remineralization. The investigation focused on the variations in topological structure, mechanical properties, and chemical interactions between the main agent and the dentin surface. Two adhesive modes including prime-and-rinse(P&R) and prime-and-nonrinse (P&NR) utilized to evaluate the bonding performance and remineralization ability. The findings indicated that both P&R and P&NR methods could eliminate the smear-layer, uncover dentinal-tubules, and generate a textured/rough surface on the dentin. Collagen fibrils exhibited a greater presence of inorganic minerals in the P&NR mode. Compared to control group, both P&R and P&NR groups improved immediate and aging bond strength significantly (P < 0.05). AFM and 3D-STORM revealed MDP and its residual calcium salts distributed in collagen fibrils and expanded collagen matrix. In the P&NR group, TEM revealed that the dentin collagen matrix experienced some remineralization, and there was also mineralization within the collagen fibrils embedded in the bonding interface. Thus, MDP priming improved dentin bonding stability. Residual calcium salts of P&NR process can enhance topological structure of the collagen matrix and induce intrafibrillar mineralization. [Display omitted] • Developed a primer to prove dentin bonding stability irrespective rinse and not. • Provided collagen-grid sandwich model to learn the remineralization of interface. • Confirmed calcium salt preserved in interface can induce mineralization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Impaired extinction of fear memory is one of the most common symptoms in post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with limited therapeutic strategies due to the poor understanding of its underlying neural substrates. In this study, functional screening is performed and identified hyperactivity in the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) during fear extinction. Furthermore, the encoding patterns of the hyperactivated MD is investigated during persistent fear responses using multiple machine learning algorithms. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is also identified as a functional downstream region of the MD that mediates the extinction of fear memory. The thalamocortical circuit is comprehensively analyzed and found that the MD‐ACC parvalbumin interneurons circuit is preferentially enhanced in PTSD mice, disrupting the local excitatory and inhibitory balance. It is found that decreased phosphorylation of the Kv3.2 channel contributed to the hyperactivated MD, primarily to the malfunctioning thalamocortical circuit. Using a lipid nanoparticle‐based RNA therapy strategy, channelopathy is corrected via a methoxylated siRNA targeting the protein phosphatase 6 catalytic subunit and restored fear memory extinction in PTSD mice. These findings highlight the function of the thalamocortical circuit in PTSD‐related impaired extinction of fear memory and provide therapeutic insights into Kv3.2‐targeted RNA therapy for PTSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we have developed a novel single-molecular probe (NORP) for selective and accurate determination of NTR in living cells. It was discovered that up-regulation of endogenous NTR occurred in response to hypoxic stimulation, and there was a dependence between the NTR levels and the degree of hypoxia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the current video production practices are focusing on filming, editing, storytelling or special effects, and the articles on video production also put the emphasis on tourism, business or natural scenery. There are not many video production practices on topics such as hospice, because this topic involves death, illness, patients and their families and other factors, and most of these film subjects are not willing to be shot. This research aims to explore the impact of filming practices on sensitive topics on the producers and the filmed subjects. By selecting the hospice care documentaries produced by Zhejiang Communication University as a case study, this study interviews 8 documentary producers and 8 filmed subjects and researchs the whole filming process through method of participatory observation. This research demonstrates that for hospice documentary filmmakers, going through such a filmmaking journey can be helpful in increasing their level of identification with hospice care, increasing their emotional experience and documentary production skills, and most importantly for their future documentary filmmaking, as they feel the power of humanity. For the subjects, i.e. patients, families, doctors and nurses, end-of-life care documentaries have expanded the dissemination of knowledge to a certain extent, but the impact on the behavioural choices of patients at the moment of death has not been significant, and these behavioural choices are more influenced by non-medical factors which the filmmakers are clearly aware of it. Instead, these filming activities were somewhat of an optional burden on filmed subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social isolation is a risk factor for multiple mood disorders. Specifically, social isolation can remodel the brain, causing behavioral abnormalities, including sociability impairments. Here, we investigated social behavior impairment in mice following chronic social isolation stress (CSIS) and conducted a screening of susceptible brain regions using functional readouts. CSIS enhanced synaptic inhibition in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), particularly at inhibitory synapses of cholecystokinin (CCK)-expressing interneurons. This enhanced synaptic inhibition in the ACC was characterized by CSIS-induced loss of presynaptic cannabinoid type-1 receptors (CB1Rs), resulting in excessive axonal calcium influx. Activation of CCK-expressing interneurons or conditional knockdown of CB1R expression in CCK-expressing interneurons specifically reproduced social impairment. In contrast, optogenetic activation of CB1R or administration of CB1R agonists restored sociability in CSIS mice. These results suggest that the CB1R may be an effective therapeutic target for preventing CSIS-induced social impairments by restoring synaptic inhibition in the ACC. [Display omitted] • CSIS enhances local inhibition in the ACC via influencing CCK-expressing interneurons • Excessive GABA release causally contributes to CSIS-induced social impairments • Loss of presynaptic CB1R in CCK-expressing interneurons drives inhibitory enhancement • Targeting CB1R corrects CSIS-induced social avoidance Guo et al. uncover cell-specific mechanisms in the anterior cingulate cortex that underlie the social impairments resulting from chronic social isolation and reveal a potential therapeutic strategy targeting the cannabinoid type-1 receptors (CB1Rs) to correct social avoidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a leading kidney disease, clinically associated with proteinuria and progressive renal failure. The occurrence of this disease is partly related to gene mutations. We describe a single affected family member who presented with FSGS. We used high-throughput sequencing, sanger sequencing to identify the pathogenic mutations, and a systems genetics analysis in the BXD mice was conducted to explore the genetic regulatory mechanisms of pathogenic genes in the development of FSGS. We identified high urinary protein (++++) and creatinine levels (149 μmol/L) in a 29-year-old male diagnosed with a 5-year history of grade 2 hypertension. Histopathology of the kidney biopsy showed stromal hyperplasia at the glomerular segmental sclerosis and endothelial cell vacuolation degeneration. Whole-exome sequencing followed by Sanger sequencing revealed a heterozygous missense mutation (c.643C > T) in exon 2 of TRPC6, leading to the substitution of arginine with tryptophan at position 215 (p.Arg215Trp). Systems genetics analysis of the 53 BXD mice kidney transcriptomes identified Pygm as the upstream regulator of Trpc6. Those two genes are jointly involved in the regulation of FSGS mainly via Wnt and Hippo signaling pathways. We present a novel variant in the TRPC6 gene that causes FSGS. Moreover, our data suggested TRPC6 works with PYGM, as well as Wnt and Hippo signaling pathways to regulate renal function, which could guide future clinical prevention and targeted treatment for FSGS outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia and is rapidly becoming one of the most costly, fatal diseases, which is typically discovered in the late stage of molecular pathology, at which point medication intervention is irreversible. As a result, there is an urgent need for a low-cost, least-invasive way of screening cognitive impairment, with the goal of identifying persons at risk of AD. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been described as a transitional state between normal cognitive aging and AD. Early detection and timely tracking of MCI can to some extent prevent the progression towards AD. We found a population in Northwestern China has a comparatively high prevalence of MCI. Continued education, consistent exercise, and a secure financial situation can all help older people maintain cognitive function. Due to the critical role of circulating microRNAs in intercellular signaling and the perturbations thereof, their investigation has assumed paramount significance in elucidating various pathological conditions. Numerous investigations have substantiated the significance of circulating miRNAs specifically in MCI. Here, we evaluated miR-483-5p (Area Under the Curve (AUC) is 0.901, sensitivity 79.2 % and specificity 100 %) and miR-502-5p (AUC is 0.872, sensitivity 79.2 % and specificity 83.3 %), which were derived from plasma exosomes and maintained at high levels in elderly people with MCI, could be employed as promising noninvasive biomarkers. • Northwestern Chinese community shows a high prevalence of MCI. • Learning, exercise, and financial stablility can help preserve cognitive function in the elderly. • Exosome miR-483-5p/-502-5p effectively discriminates MCI in non-hospitalized community elderly without acute disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since directly measuring beam and diffuse irradiance is not feasible on many occasions, one often has to resort to estimating the beam and diffuse irradiance components from the global irradiance, which is known as separation modeling. Separation modeling is essentially a nonlinear regression problem, with the clearness index being the main input and the diffuse fraction being the output. Hundreds of separation models with various complexities have been proposed, among which the Yang4 model was recently validated using worldwide data as the quasi-universal choice for 1-min data. In this work, Yang4 is further improved by regime-dependent fitting, i.e., fitting a separate set of model coefficients for each climatological regime. Different regimes are determined through clustering of cloud cover frequency, aerosol optical depth, and surface albedo climatology maps. The new Yang5 model is able to outperform its predecessor at the 126 stations tested, covering a wide range of climate types. Overall, the normalized root mean square errors for beam normal irradiance (BNI) and diffuse horizontal irradiance (DHI) of Yang5 are 17.55% and 32.92% on average, as compared to 19.13% and 34.94% for the next best model, namely, Yang4. Furthermore, through conducting pairwise Diebold–Mariano tests, Yang5 is shown superior to Yang4 at 110/126 sites for BNI prediction and 93/126 for DHI. [Display omitted] • A concise summary of recent advances in separation modeling is given. • A regime-dependent version of the Yang4 model is proposed. • Regimes are defined by clustering cloud, aerosol, and albedo climatology. • The new Yang5 model outperforms the quasi-universal Yang4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]