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Ternary metal oxide SnO2/Co3O4 has attracted much attention for its excellent sensitivity and structural stability. We prepared hollow, rough, and porous SnO2/Co3O4 nanofibers using the electrostatic spinning technique in this study. These nanofibers were subsequently compounded with Ta2O5 via the solvothermal method, resulting in the successful synthesis of nanofiber-structured Ta2O5@SnO2/Co3O4 heterojunction materials with outstanding room-temperature ethanol sensing performance. The nanofiber structure of SnO2/Co3O4 significantly enhanced the interface for active oxygen adsorption on the Ta2O5 surface, thereby increasing the number of reactive sites for ethanol gas sensitivity. The Ta2O5@SnO2/Co3O4 heterojunction can detect ethanol concentrations as low as 1 ppm at room temperature, with a response value of 6.53 for 100 ppm ethanol. The theoretical detection limit of ethanol for this material can be as low as 522 ppb, as determined by curve fitting. Nanofiber-structured Ta2O5@SnO2/Co3O4 heterojunction materials exhibited comprehensive and excellent room-temperature gas-sensitive properties, suggesting that combining the morphology regulation and heterostructure can provide innovative strategies for room-temperature sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electromagnetic exploration, characterized by its low cost, wide applicability, and high operational efficiency, finds extensive applications in fields such as oil and gas exploration, mineral prospecting, and engineering geology. Traditional controlled-source electromagnetic detection methods are typically confined to operating frequencies below 250 kHz, resulting in insufficient detection accuracy for applications such as shallow and intermediate-depth exploration, thereby constraining their performance in high-resolution imaging. To address these challenges, we propose a controlled-source ultra-audio frequency electromagnetic receive system based on the Internet of Things (IoT). We investigate cascaded digital filtering and sampling techniques to extend the receiver's sampling rate range, thereby elevating the operating frequency of controlled-source electromagnetic acquisition from the conventional maximum of 250 kHz to 1 MHz. The receiver achieves a sampling rate of up to 2.5 MHz, comprising three magnetic field measurement channels and two electric field measurement channels. The instrument is compact, lightweight, capable of real-time data storage locally, and real-time data transmission to an upper computer. Additionally, IoT technology is introduced, leading to the design of a cloud-based real-time remote control and data acquisition scheme. Experimental results demonstrate the stability of the instrument, meeting the requirements of field exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Life's Essentials 8 (LE8) is a new indicator developed by the American Heart Association to assess cardiovascular health, including diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose and blood pressure. And more and more studies have shown that this index can evaluate other diseases, such as chronic kidney disease, abdominal aortic calcification and so on. However, there is no relevant study to evaluate the association between LE8 and psoriasis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between LE8 and the prevalence of psoriasis in American adults., Patients and Methods: The data are from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of the United States from 2003 to 2006, 2009 to 2014. Psoriasis was the dependent variable. LE8 is an independent variable and is divided into three levels: high, medium and low. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the relationship between LE8 and psoriasis., Results: A total of 13430 people were included in this study, including 391 patients with psoriasis and 13039 patients without psoriasis. The prevalence of psoriasis was 2.91%. In the fully adjusted logistic regression model, LE8 score was negatively correlated with psoriasis (OR=0.99; 95% CI, 0.98-0.99, P=0.0003). And this result still exists when LE8 is divided into high, medium and low groups. Compared with the low LE8 group, the high LE8 group had a 61% lower risk of psoriasis (OR=0.39; 95% CI, 0.26-0.57, p <0.0001)., Conclusion: This cross-sectional study suggested that LE8 score was negatively correlated with psoriasis risk., Competing Interests: Weiqing Zhang and Zengze Yuan contributed equally to this work and share first authorship. All authors declare no conflicts of interest in this work., (© 2024 Zhang et al.)

A 3D-printed oxygen-vacancy-rich potassium ammonium vanadate/reduced graphene oxide (KNVO v /rGO) microlattice aerogel is designed for the cathode in high-performance K-ion batteries (KIBs). The 3D-printed KNVO v /rGO electrode with periodic submillimeter microchannels and interconnected printed filaments is composed of highly dispersed KNVO v nanobelts, wrinkled graphene nanoflakes, and abundant micropores. The well-defined 3D porous microlattice structure of the rGO backbone not only provides the interconnected conductive 3D network and the required mechanical robustness but also facilitates the penetration of the liquid electrolyte into inner active sites, consequently ensuring a stable electrochemical environment for K-ion intercalation/deintercalation within the KNVO v nanobelts. The 3D-printed KNVO v /rGO microlattice aerogel electrode has a high discharge capacity of 109.3 mAh g -1 with a capacity retention rate of 92.6% after 200 cycles at 50 mA g -1 and maintains a discharge capacity of 75.8 mAh g -1 after 2000 cycles at 500 mA g -1 . The flexible pouch-type KIB battery consisting of the 3D-printed KNVO v /rGO has good mechanical durability and retains a high specific capacity under different forms of deformation such as bending and folding. The results provide valuable insights into the integration of advanced 3D-printed electrode materials into K-ion batteries and the design of flexible and wearable energy storage devices., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

LIF maintains self-renewal growth in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) by activating STAT3, which translocates into nucleus for pluripotent gene induction. However, the ERK signaling pathway activated by LIF at large counteract with pluripotent gene induction during self-renewal growth. Here, it is reported that in mESC STAT3 undergoes multivesicular endosomes (MVEs) translocation and subsequent secretion, LIF-activated STAT3 is acetylated on K177/180 and phosphorylated on Y293 residues within the N-terminal coiled-coil domain, which is responsible for the interaction between STAT3 and Secl5b, an exocyst complex component 6B (EXOC6B). STAT3 translocation into MVEs resulted in the downregulation of T202/Y204-ERK1/2 phosphorylation and up-regulation of S9-GSK3β phosphorylation for maintaining mESC self-renewal growth. STAT3 with K177R/K180R or Y293F substitution fails to execute MVEs translocation and Secl5b-dependent secretion. Mice expressing K177RK180R substitution (STAT3 mut/mut ) are partially embryonic lethal. In STAT3 mut/mut embryos, gene expressions related to hematological system function changed significantly and those living ones carry a series of abnormalities in the hematopoietic system. Furthermore, mice with Secl5b knockout exhibit embryonic lethality. Thus, Secl5b mediated STAT3 MVEs translocation regulates the balance of ERK and GSK3β signaling pathways and maintain mESC self-renewal growth, which is involved in regulating the stability of hematopoietic system., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Objective: Numerous observational and retrospective studies have demonstrated an association between Autoimmune Thyroiditis (AIT) and various systemic Autoimmune Diseases (AIDs). However, the causal relationship between them remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the causal link between AIT and diverse types of AIDs utilizing the Mendelian Randomization (MR) method., Method: We assessed the causal relationship between AIT and eight prevalent AIDs. Summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were sourced from the FinnGen biobank and IEU Open GWAS database. Two-sample MR analyses were conducted, with the primary statistical approach being the Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW) method. This was complemented by a series of sensitivity analyses, and the robustness of the findings was evaluated through the estimation of heterogeneity and pleiotropy., Results: When AIT was considered as the outcome, MR evidence suggested an association between Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Type 1 diabetes (T1D), and Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with AIT. Utilizing the Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW) method, we observed an increased risk of AIT with exposure to RA ( P = 0.024, OR=1.25; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.52), T1D ( P < 0.001, OR=1.27 95% CI = 1.11,1.46), and SLE ( P = 0.037, OR=1.14; 95% CI = 1.04,1.26). Conversely, no significant genetic causal relationship with AIT was found for Sjögren's syndrome (SS), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Multiple sclerosis (MS), Crohn's disease (CD), and Ulcerative colitis (UC)., Conclusion: This study identified RA, T1D, and SLE as triggering factors for AIT. The incidence rate of AIT in patients with RA, T1D, and SLE may be higher than that in the general population. Therefore, individuals with these three diseases should undergo regular monitoring of thyroid-related indicators., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Zhang, Luo and Wang.)

Purpose: This study assesses the diluted Schirmer method's effectiveness in collecting tears from dry eye syndrome patients, aiming to identify the most suitable tear collection technique for them., Methods: A prospective study. Tear samples were collected from patients with dry eye syndrome and healthy individuals using two methods: (1) Direct Schirmer Method: Schirmer strips were directly inserted into the eye to collect tears. (2) Diluted Schirmer Method: After instilling physiological saline into the eye and waiting for 30 s to ensure thorough mixing with tears, Schirmer strips were used for collection. Tear samples from both groups were analyzed and compared for total protein and cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α)., Results: (1) The study included 32 participants: 16 with dry eye syndrome (4 males, 12 females, average age 34.92 ± 10.13 years) and 16 healthy controls (5 males, 11 females, average age 32.25 ± 9.87 years). (2) The diluted Schirmer method produced a significantly larger tear volume compared to the direct method ( p  < 0.05), with lower Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores indicating less discomfort ( p  < 0.05). (3) The average total protein content of the two groups was 51.70 ± 3.166 ng measured by Direct Schirmer method, and the average total protein content of the Diluted Schirmer method was 50.05 ± 3.263 ng. There was no statistical difference between the two groups. ( t  = 1.051, p  = 0.3098) (4) The concentrations of total tear protein and various cytokines measured by both methods were higher in the dry eye group compared to the normal group, with statistically significant differences ( p  < 0.05). Both methods reflected consistent changes in tear protein profiles., Conclusion: The diluted Schirmer method can comfortably collect an adequate volume of tear samples in a short time and consistently reflect changes in tear proteins, making it an effective method for tear collection in patients with dry eye syndrome.