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1. Multiple-models prediction for light neutron-rich isotopes cross section by $Q_g$ systematics in $^{40}$Ar projectile fragmentation reactions

Author

Wei, X. B., Wei, H. L., Ma, C. W., Qiao, C. Y., Guo, Y. F., Pu, J., Cheng, K. X., Wang, Y. T., Wang, Z. X., Zhou, T. R., Peng, D., Wang, S. T., Tang, S. W., Yu, Y. H., Zhang, X. H., Sun, Y. Z., Jin, S. Y., Zhang, G. L., Jiang, X., Li, Z. Y., Xu, Y. F., Lu, F. H., and Liu, T. Q.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Precise predictions for nuclei near drip lines are crucial for experiments in new generation of rare isotope facilities. A multi-models investigation of the $Q_g$ systematics for fragments production cross sections, with $Q_g$ defined as the difference of mass excess (ME) between the projectile ($Z_{p}, A_{p}$) and the fragment ($Z_{f}, A_{f}$) nuclei $Q_{g}=ME(Z_{p}, A_{p})-ME(Z_{f}, A_{f})$, has been performed to verify the model prediction abilities for light neutron-rich isotopes in measured $^{40}$Ar + $^9$Be projectile fragmentation reactions from 57$A$ MeV to 1$A$ GeV. The models used are the FRACS parametrizations and the newly developed Bayesian neural networks (BNN) model. %method The results show that FRACS, BNN, and $Q_g$ extrapolations are generally consistent, except for fragments near the nuclear mass of the projectile. Additionally, both measured data and model extrapolations provide evidence for a shell closure at $N=$ 16 in fluorine and neon, as well as the disappearance of the traditional magic number $N=$ 20 in neon, sodium and magnesium.

Published
2024

2. Measurement of the nucleon spin structure functions for $0.01<Q^2<1$~GeV$^2$ using CLAS

Author

Deur, A., Kuhn, S. E., Ripani, M., Zheng, X., Acar, A. G., Achenbach, P., Adhikari, K. P., Alvarado, J. S., Amaryan, M. J., Armstrong, W. R., Atac, H., Avakian, H., Baashen, L., Baltzell, N. A., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Battaglieri, M., Benkel, B., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Booth, W. A., ossu, F. B, Bosted, P., Boiarinov, S., Brinkmann, K. Th., Briscoe, W. J., Bueltmann, S., Burkert, V. D., Carman, D. S., Chatagnon, P., Chen, J. P., Ciullo, G., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Crede, V., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Defurne, M., Diehl, S., Djalali, C., Drozdov, V. A., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Elouadrhiri, L., Eugenio, P., Faggert, J. C., Fegan, S., Fersch, R., Filippi, A., Gates, K., Gavalian, G., Gilfoyle, G. P., Gothe, R. W., Guo, L., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., Heddle, D., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jiang, H., Jo, H. S., Joosten, S., Kang, H., Keith, C., Khandaker, M., Kim, W., Klein, F. J., Klimenko, V., Konczykowski, P., Kovacs, K., Kripko, A., Kubarovsky, V., Lanza, L., Lee, S., Lenisa, P., Li, X., Long, E., MacGregor, I. J. D., Marchand, D., Mascagna, V., Matamoros, D., McKinnon, B., Meekins, D., Migliorati, S., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Munoz-Camacho, C., Nadel-Turonski, P., Nagorna, T., Neupane, K., Niccolai, S., Osipenko, M., Ostrovidov, A. I., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Pasyuk, E., Paul, S. J., Phelps, W., Phillips, S. K., Pierce, J., Pilleux, N., Pokhrel, M., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Radic, A., Reed, T., Richards, J., Rosner, G., Rossi, P., Rusova, A. A., Salgado, C., Schmidt, A., Schumacher, R. A., Sharabian, Y. G., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, U., Sirca, S., Sparveris, N., Spreafico, M., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Sulkosky, V., Tan, J. A., Tenorio, M., Trotta, N., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Upton, D. W., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D. P., Wei, X., Wood, M. H., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., and Zurek, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The spin structure functions of the proton and the deuteron were measured during the EG4 experiment at Jefferson Lab in 2006. Data were collected for longitudinally polarized electron scattering off longitudinally polarized NH$_3$ and ND$_3$ targets, for $Q^2$ values as small as 0.012 and 0.02 GeV$^2$, respectively, using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). This is the archival paper of the EG4 experiment that summaries the previously reported results of the polarized structure functions $g_1$, $A_1F_1$, and their moments $\overline \Gamma_1$, $\overline \gamma_0$, and $\overline I_{TT}$, for both the proton and the deuteron. In addition, we report on new results on the neutron $g_1$ extracted by combining proton and deuteron data and correcting for Fermi smearing, and on the neutron moments $\overline \Gamma_1$, $\overline \gamma_0$, and $\overline I_{TT}$ formed directly from those of the proton and the deuteron. Our data are in good agreement with the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule for the proton, deuteron, and neutron. Furthermore, the isovector combination was formed for $g_1$ and the Bjorken integral $\overline \Gamma_1^{p-n}$, and compared to available theoretical predictions. All of our results provide for the first time extensive tests of spin observable predictions from chiral effective field theory ($\chi$EFT) in a $Q^2$ range commensurate with the pion mass. They motivate further improvement in $\chi$EFT calculations from other approaches such as the lattice gauge method., Comment: 33 pages. 26 figures. Data table provided in supplementary material (30 pages)

Published
2024

3. Non-Reciprocal Transport of Thermally-Generated Magnons

Author

Cosset-Chéneau, M., Tirion, S. H., Wei, X. Y., Youssef, J. Ben, and van Wees, B. J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We demonstrate the non-reciprocity of electrically and thermally-generated incoherent magnon transport using the magnetization direction of a Py wire placed on top of an ultrathin YIG film. We show that the transport properties of thermally-generated magnons under a Py wire depends on the relative orientation between the temperature gradient and the Py-magnetization direction. The symmetries of this non-reciprocal magnon transport match with those predicted by the remote dipolar interaction between YIG and Py magnons, controlled by the chirality of the YIG magnon dipolar stray fields. We also show that the directional magnon generation by the spin Seebeck effect from the Py wire displays the symmetries expected from the chiral spin Seebeck effect.

Published
2024

4. Charge radii of $^{11-16}$C, $^{13-17}$N and $^{15-18}$O determined from their charge-changing cross-sections and the mirror-difference charge radii

Author

Zhao, J. W., Sun, B. -H., Tanihata, I., Xu, J. Y., Zhang, K. Y., Prochazka, A., Zhu, L. H., Terashima, S., Meng, J., He, L. C., Liu, C. Y., Li, G. S., Lu, C. G., Lin, W. J., Lin, W. P., Liu, Z., Ren, P. P, Sun, Z. Y., Wang, F., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, S. T., Wei, X. L., Xu, X. D., Zhang, J. C., Zhang, M. X, and Zhang, X. H.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Charge-changing cross-sections of $^{11-16}$C, $^{13-17}$N and $^{15-18}$O on a carbon target have been determined at energies around 300 MeV/nucleon. A nucleon separation energy-dependent correction factor has been introduced to the Glauber model calculation for extracting the nuclear charge radii from the experimental CCCSs. The charge radii of $^{11}$C, $^{13,16}$N and $^{15}$O thus were determined for the first time. With the new radii, we studied the experimental mirror-difference charge radii ($\Delta R_{\text {ch}}^{\text {mirror}}$) of $^{11}$B-$^{11}$C, $^{13}$C-$^{13}$N, $^{15}$N-$^{15}$O, $^{17}$N-$^{17}$Ne pairs for the first time. We find that the $\Delta R_{\text {ch}}^{\text {mirror}}$ values of $^{13}$C-$^{13}$N and $^{15}$N-$^{15}$O pairs follow well the empirical relation to the isospin asymmetry predicted by the $ab$ $initio$ calculations, while $\Delta R_{\text {ch}}^{\text {mirror}}$ of $^{11}$B-$^{11}$C and $^{17}$N-$^{17}$Ne pairs deviate from such relation by more than two standard deviations., Comment: 3 figures, submitted to Physics Letters B

Published
2024

5. First Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering on the Neutron with Detection of the Active Neutron

Author

CLAS Collaboration, Hobart, A., Niccolai, S., Čuić, M., Kumerički, K., Achenbach, P., Alvarado, J. S., Armstrong, W. R., Atac, H., Avakian, H., Baashen, L., Baltzell, N. A., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Battaglieri, M., Benkel, B., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Boiarinov, S., Bondi, M., Booth, W. A., Bossù, F., Brinkmann, K. -Th., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, W. K., Bueltmann, S., Burkert, V. D., Cao, T., Capobianco, R., Carman, D. S., Chatagnon, P., Ciullo, G., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Defurne, M., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Dilks, C., Djalali, C., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Elouadrhiri, L., Fegan, S., Filippi, A., Fogler, C., Gates, K., Gavalian, G., Gilfoyle, G. P., Glazier, D., Gothe, R. W., Gotra, Y., Guidal, M., Hafidi, K., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., Heddle, D., Holtrop, M., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jiang, H., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Kageya, T., Kim, A., Kim, W., Klimenko, V., Kripko, A., Kubarovsky, V., Kuhn, S. E., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lee, S., Lenisa, P., Li, X., MacGregor, I. J. D., Marchand, D., Mascagna, V., Maynes, M., McKinnon, B., Meziani, Z. E., Migliorati, S., Milner, R. G., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Camacho, C. Muñoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Naidoo, P., Neupane, K., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Pasyuk, E., Paul, S. J., Phelps, W., Pilleux, N., Pokhrel, M., Rafael, S. Polcher, Poudel, J., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Reed, T., Richards, J., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., Rossi, P., Golubenko, A. A., Salgado, C., Schadmand, S., Schmidt, A., Scott, Marshall B. C., Seroka, E. M., Sharabian, Y. G., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, U., Sparveris, N., Spreafico, M., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tan, J. A., Trotta, N., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Tommaso, V., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D. P, Wei, X., Williams, R., Wood, M. H., Xu, L., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., Zhao, Z. W., and Zurek, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Measuring Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering on the neutron is one of the necessary steps to understand the structure of the nucleon in terms of Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs). Neutron targets play a complementary role to transversely polarized proton targets in the determination of the GPD $E$. This poorly known and poorly constrained GPD is essential to obtain the contribution of the quarks' angular momentum to the spin of the nucleon. DVCS on the neutron was measured for the first time selecting the exclusive final state by detecting the neutron, using the Jefferson Lab longitudinally polarized electron beam, with energies up to 10.6 GeV, and the CLAS12 detector. The extracted beam-spin asymmetries, combined with DVCS observables measured on the proton, allow a clean quark-flavor separation of the imaginary parts of the GPDs $H$ and $E$., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures

Published
2024

6. Saturation of fishbone instability through zonal flows driven by energetic particle transport in tokamak plasmas

Author

Brochard, G., Liu, C., Wei, X., Heidbrink, W., Lin, Z., Falessi, M. V., Zonca, F., Qiu, Z., Gorelenkov, N., Chrystal, C., Du, X., Bao, J., Polevoi, A. R., Schneider, M., Kim, S. H., Pinches, S. D., Liu, P., Nicolau, J. H., Lütjens, H., and group, the ISEP

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Gyrokinetic and kinetic-MHD simulations are performed for the fishbone instability in the DIII-D discharge #178631, chosen for validation of first-principles simulations to predict the energetic particle (EP) transport in an ITER prefusion baseline scenario. Fishbone modes are found to generate zonal flows, which dominate the fishbone saturation. The underlying mechanisms of the two-way fishbone-zonal flows nonlinear interplay are discussed in details. Numerical and analytical analyses identify the fishbone-induced EP redistribution as the dominant generation mechanism for zonal flows. The zonal flows modify the nonlinear dynamics of phase space zonal structures, which reduces the amount of EPs able to resonate with the mode, leading to an early fishbone saturation. Simulation results including zonal flows agree quantitatively with DIII-D experimental measurements of the fishbone saturation amplitude and EP transport, supporting this novel saturation mechanism by self-generated zonal flows. Moreover, the wave-particle mode-locking mechanism is shown to determine quantitatively the fishbone frequency down-chirping, as evident in GTC simulation results in agreement with predictions from analytical theory. Finally, the fishbone-induced zonal flows are possibly responsible for the formation of an ion-ITB in the DIII-D discharge. Based on the low EP transport and the large zonal flow shearing rates associated with the fishbone instability in gyrokinetic simulations of the ITER scenario, it is conjectured that high performance scenarios could be designed in ITER burning plasmas through fishbone-induced ITBs.

Published
2024

10. Strong interaction physics at the luminosity frontier with 22 GeV electrons at Jefferson Lab

Author

Accardi, A., Achenbach, P., Adhikari, D., Afanasev, A., Akondi, C. S., Akopov, N., Albaladejo, M., Albataineh, H., Albrecht, M., Almeida-Zamora, B., Amaryan, M., Androić, D., Armstrong, W., Armstrong, D. S., Arratia, M., Arrington, J., Asaturyan, A., Austregesilo, A., Avakian, H., Averett, T., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bacchetta, A., Balantekin, A. B., Baltzell, N., Barion, L., Barry, P. C., Bashir, A., Battaglieri, M., Bellini, V., Belov, I., Benhar, O., Benkel, B., Benmokhtar, F., Bentz, W., Bertone, V., Bhatt, H., Bianconi, A., Bibrzycki, L., Bijker, R., Binosi, D., Biswas, D., Boër, M., Boeglin, W., Bogacz, S. A., Boglione, M., Bondí, M., Boos, E. E., Bosted, P., Bozzi, G., Brash, E. J., Briceño, R. A., Brindza, P. D., Briscoe, W. J., Brodsky, S. J., Brooks, W. K., Burkert, V. D., Camsonne, A., Cao, T., Cardman, L. S., Carman, D. S., Carpinelli, M., Cates, G. D., Caylor, J., Celentano, A., Celiberto, F. G., Cerutti, M., Chang, L., Chatagnon, P., Chen, C., Chen, J.-P., Chetry, T., Christopher, A., Christy, E., Chudakov, E., Cisbani, E., Cloët, I. C., Cobos-Martinez, J. J., Cohen, E. O., Colangelo, P., Cole, P. L., Constantinou, M., Contalbrigo, M., Costantini, G., Cosyn, W., Cotton, C., Courtoy, A., Dusa, S. Covrig, Crede, V., Cui, Z.-F., D’Angelo, A., Döring, M., Dalton, M. M., Danilkin, I., Davydov, M., Day, D., De Fazio, F., De Napoli, M., De Vita, R., Dean, D. J., Defurne, M., de Paula, W., de Téramond, G. F., Deur, A., Devkota, B., Dhital, S., Di Nezza, P., Diefenthaler, M., Diehl, S., Dilks, C., Ding, M., Djalali, C., Dobbs, S., Dupré, R., Dutta, D., Edwards, R. G., Egiyan, H., Ehinger, L., Eichmann, G., Elaasar, M., Elouadrhiri, L., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Emmert, A., Engelhardt, M., Ent, R., Ernst, D. J., Eugenio, P., Evans, G., Fanelli, C., Fegan, S., Fernández-Ramírez, C., Fernandez, L. A., Fernando, I. P., Filippi, A., Fischer, C. S., Fogler, C., Fomin, N., Frankfurt, L., Frederico, T., Freese, A., Fu, Y., Gamberg, L., Gan, L., Gao, F., Garcia-Tecocoatzi, H., Gaskell, D., Gasparian, A., Gates, K., Gavalian, G., Ghoshal, P. K., Giachino, A., Giacosa, F., Giannuzzi, F., Gilfoyle, G.-P., Girod, F.-X., Glazier, D. I., Gleason, C., Godfrey, S., Goity, J. L., Golubenko, A. A., Gonzàlez-Solís, S., Gothe, R. W., Gotra, Y., Griffioen, K., Grocholski, O., Grube, B., Guèye, P., Guo, F.-K., Guo, Y., Guo, L., Hague, T. J., Hammoud, N., Hansen, J.-O., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., Hayward, T., Heddle, D., Heinrich, N., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Higuera-Angulo, I. M., Hiller Blin, A. N., Hobart, A., Hobbs, T., Holmberg, D. E., Horn, T., Hoyer, P., Huber, G. M., Hurck, P., Hutauruk, P. T. P., Ilieva, Y., Illari, I., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Italiano, A., Jaegle, I., Jarvis, N. S., Jenkins, D. J., Jeschonnek, S., Ji, C.-R., Jo, H. S., Jones, M., Jones, R. T., Jones, D. C., Joo, K., Junaid, M., Kageya, T., Kalantarians, N., Karki, A., Karyan, G., Katramatou, A. T., Kay, S. J. D., Kazimi, R., Keith, C. D., Keppel, C., Kerbizi, A., Khachatryan, V., Khanal, A., Khandaker, M., Kim, A., Kinney, E. R., Kohl, M., Kotzinian, A., Kriesten, B. T., Kubarovsky, V., Kubis, B., Kuhn, S. E., Kumar, V., Kutz, T., Leali, M., Lebed, R. F., Lenisa, P., Leskovec, L., Li, S., Li, X., Liao, J., Lin, H.-W., Liu, L., Liuti, S., Liyanage, N., Lu, Y., MacGregor, I. J. D., Mack, D. J., Maiani, L., Mamo, K. A., Mandaglio, G., Mariani, C., Markowitz, P., Marukyan, H., Mascagna, V., Mathieu, V., Maxwell, J., Mazouz, M., McCaughan, M., McKeown, R. D., McKinnon, B., Meekins, D., Melnitchouk, W., Metz, A., Meyer, C. A., Meziani, Z.-E., Mezrag, C., Michaels, R., Miller, G. A., Mineeva, T., Miramontes, A. S., Mirazita, M., Mizutani, K., Mkrtchyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Moffit, B., Mohanmurthy, P., Mokeev, V. I., Monaghan, P., Montaña, G., Montgomery, R., Moretti, A., Chàvez, J. M. Morgado, Mosel, U., Movsisyan, A., Musico, P., Nadeeshani, S. A., Nadolsky, P. M., Nakamura, S. X., Nazeer, J., Nefediev, A. V., Neupane, K., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Niculescu, I., Niculescu, G., Nocera, E. R., Nycz, M., Olness, F. I., Ortega, P. G., Osipenko, M., Pace, E., Pandey, B., Pandey, P., Papandreou, Z., Papavassiliou, J., Pappalardo, L. L., Paredes-Torres, G., Paremuzyan, R., Park, S., Parsamyan, B., Paschke, K. D., Pasquini, B., Passemar, E., Pasyuk, E., Patel, T., Paudel, C., Paul, S. J., Peng, J.-C., Pentchev, L., Perrino, R., Perry, R. J., Peters, K., Petratos, G. G., Phelps, W., Piasetzky, E., Pilloni, A., Pire, B., Pitonyak, D., Pitt, M. L., Polosa, A. D., Pospelov, M., Postuma, A. C., Poudel, J., Preet, L., Prelovsek, S., Price, J. W., Prokudin, A., Puckett, A. J. R., Pybus, J. R., Qin, S.-X., Qiu, J.-W., Radici, M., Rashidi, H., Rathnayake, A. D., Raue, B. A., Reed, T., Reimer, P. E., Reinhold, J., Richard, J.-M., Rinaldi, M., Ringer, F., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., West, J. Rittenhouse, Rivero-Acosta, A., Roberts, C. D., Rodas, A., Rodini, S., Rodríguez-Quintero, J., Rogers, T. C., Rojo, J., Rossi, P., Rossi, G. C., Salmè, G., Santiesteban, S. N., Santopinto, E., Sargsian, M., Sato, N., Schadmand, S., Schmidt, A., Schmidt, S. M., Schnell, G., Schumacher, R. A., Schweitzer, P., Scimemi, I., Scott, K. C., Seay, D. A., Segovia, J., Semenov-Tian-Shansky, K., Seryi, A., Sharda, A. S., Shepherd, M. R., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, S., Shrestha, U., Shvedunov, V. I., Signori, A., Slifer, K. J., Smith, W. A., Somov, A., Souder, P., Sparveris, N., Spizzo, F., Spreafico, M., Stepanyan, S., Stevens, J. R., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Strikman, M., Su, S., Sumner, B. C. L., Sun, E., Suresh, M., Sutera, C., Swanson, E. S., Szczepaniak, A. P., Sznajder, P., Szumila-Vance, H., Szymanowski, L., Tadepalli, A.-S., Tadevosyan, V., Tamang, B., Tarasov, V. V., Thiel, A., Tong, X.-B., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Urciuoli, G. M., Usman, A., Valcarce, A., Vallarino, S., Vaquera-Araujo, C. A., Venturelli, L., Vera, F., Vladimirov, A., Vossen, A., Wagner, J., Wei, X., Weinstein, L. B., Weiss, C., Williams, R., Winney, D., Wojtsekhowski, B., Wood, M. H., Xiao, T., Xu, S.-S., Ye, Z., Yero, C., Yuan, C.-P., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Z. W., Zheng, X., Zhou, X., Ziegler, V., and Zihlmann, B.

Published
2024
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11. Enhanced Bacterial and Biofilm Adhesion Resistance of ALD Nano-TiO2 Coatings Compared to AO Coatings on Titanium Abutments

Author

Pan Y, Cao L, Chen L, Gao L, Wei X, Lin H, Jiang L, Wang Y, and Cheng H

Subjects
atomic layer deposition, anodic oxidation, titanium dioxide, dental abutment, surface properties, antibacterial effect, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Yu Pan,1,&ast; Lili Cao,2,&ast; Libing Chen,1,&ast; Linjuan Gao,2 Xia Wei,1 Honglei Lin,1 Lei Jiang,1 Yinghui Wang,1,2 Hui Cheng1,2 1Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Prosthodontics, Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yinghui Wang; Hui Cheng, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China, Email wyh9519@fjmu.edu.cn; ch.fj@fjmu.edu.cnPurpose: The study was intended to compare the surface properties and the bacterial and biofilm adhesion resistance of two potential antibacterial nanometer titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) coatings on dental titanium (Ti) abutments prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and the anodic oxidation (AO) techniques.Methods: Nano-TiO₂ coatings were developed using ALD and AO techniques and applied to Ti surfaces. The surface properties and the bacterial and biofilm adhesion resistance of these coatings were evaluated against commonly used Ti and Zirconia (ZrO₂) surfaces. The chemical compositions, crystalline forms, surface topography, roughness and hydrophilicity were characterized. The antibacterial performance was assessed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM), the Colony-forming unit (CFU) assay and the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using in vitro models of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in both single- and mixed-species bacterial compositions.Results: ALD-prepared nano-TiO₂ coatings resulted in a dense, smooth, and less hydrophilic surface with an anatase phase, significantly reducing the adhesion of the three bacteria by over 50%, comparable to ZrO₂. In contrast, AO-prepared coatings led to a less hydrophilic surface, characterized by various nano-sized pores within the oxide film. This alteration, however, had no impact on the adhesion of the three bacteria. The adhesion patterns for mixed-species bacteria were generally consistent with single-species results.Conclusion: ALD-prepared nano-TiO₂ coatings on Ti abutments demonstrated promising antibacterial properties comparable to ZrO₂ surfaces, suggesting potential in preventing peri-implantitis. However, the bacterial and biofilm adhesion resistance of AO-produced nano-TiO₂ coatings was limited. Keywords: atomic layer deposition, anodic oxidation, titanium dioxide, dental abutment, surface properties, antibacterial effect

Published
2024

14. A Machine Learning Model Based on Counterfactual Theory for Treatment Decision of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients

Author

Wei X, Wang F, Liu Y, Li Z, Xue Z, Tang M, and Chen X

Subjects
radiomics, hepatocellular carcinoma, prognosis, hepatectomy, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Xiaoqin Wei,1,&ast; Fang Wang,2,&ast; Ying Liu,3 Zeyong Li,4 Zhong Xue,2 Mingyue Tang,5 Xiaowen Chen1 1School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Radiology, Bishan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, ChongQing, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Physics, School of Basic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaowen Chen, School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, 234 Fujiang Road, Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China, 637001, Email 56833804@qq.comPurpose: To predict the efficacy of patients treated with hepatectomy and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) based on machine learning models using clinical and radiomics features.Patients and Methods: Patients with HCC whose first treatment was hepatectomy or TACE from June 2016 to July 2021 were collected in the retrospective cohort study. To ensure a causal effect of treatment effect and treatment modality, perfectly matched patients were obtained according to the principle of propensity score matching and used as an independent test cohort. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to control bias for unmatched patients, and the weighted results were used as the training cohort. Clinical characteristics were selected by univariate and multivariate analysis of cox proportional hazards regression, and radiomics features were selected using correlation analysis and random survival forest. The machine learning models (Deathhepatectomy and DeathTACE) were constructed to predict the probability of patient death after treatment (hepatectomy and TACE) by combining clinical and radiomics features, and an optimal treatment regimen was recommended. In addition, a prognostic model was constructed to predict the survival time of all patients.Results: A total of 418 patients with HCC who received either hepatectomy (n=267, mean age, 58 years ± 11 [standard deviation]; 228 men) or TACE (n=151, mean age, 59 years ± 13 [standard deviation]; 127 men) were recruited. After constructing the machine learning models Deathhepatectomy and DeathTACE, patients were divided into the hepatectomy-preferred and TACE-preferred groups. In the hepatectomy-preferred group, hepatectomy had a significantly prolonged survival time than TACE (training cohort: P < 0.001; testing cohort: P < 0.001), and vise versa for the TACE-preferred group. In addition, the prognostic model yielded high predictive capability for overall survival.Conclusion: The machine learning models could predict the outcomes difference between hepatectomy and TACE, and prognostic models could predict the overall survival for HCC patients.Keywords: radiomics, hepatocellular carcinoma, prognosis, hepatectomy

Published
2024

15. Co-Infection with Nocardia Terpene and Pneumocystis Jirovecii in a Patient with Anti-Synthetase Syndrome: A Case Report

Author

Li Y, Li Q, Lei H, Wei X, Feng T, Qin H, Huang H, and Duan M

Subjects
co-infection, nocardia terpene, pneumocystis jiroveci, anti-synthetase syndrome, anti-ro-52 antibody, anti-jo-1 antibody, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Yinying Li,1 Qiuming Li,2 Haihua Lei,3 Xiaorong Wei,4 Tao Feng,2 Huajiao Qin,2 Hongchun Huang,2 Minchao Duan1,2 1The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530199, People’s Republic of China; 3Radiological department, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530199, People’s Republic of China; 4Clinical Laboratory, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530199, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Minchao Duan, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530199, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 15507711966, Email musicladyd@sina.comBackground: Pulmonary infection is a common clinical complication associated with glucocorticoid. There have been no reported cases of mixed infections involving Nocardia and Pneumocystis jirovecii combined with anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS) activity.Methods: This study conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical data from a patient with active ASS, treated for a pulmonary coinfection.Results: The patient exhibited fever, asthma, and cough as initial symptoms. Chest CT scan revealed multiple infiltration shadows, consolidation shadows, nodules, mass shadows, and internal cavities in both lungs. BALF mNGS detected Nocardia terpene and Pneumocystis jiroveci. Treatment with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and corticosteroids led to an improvement. However, the patient experienced recurrent fever and a new rash with the reduction of the glucocorticoid dosage. Further investigation identified positive anti-Jo-1 and anti-Ro-52 antibodies and myogenic lesions on electromyography, which confirmed the diagnosis of ASS. Following treatment with immunoglobulin, methylprednisolone, and cyclosporine, the patient’s condition significantly improved.Conclusion: Immunodeficiency patients are susceptible to opportunistic infections. mNGS is valuable for diagnosis and treatment. Although the image of Nocardia terpene and Pneumocystis jiroveci infections lack specificity, they exhibit distinctive features. Should fever and skin lesions reoccur post-effective anti-infective therapy, it is imperative to explore non-infectious causes and expedite autoantibody testing.Keywords: co-infection, Nocardia terpene, Pneumocystis jiroveci, anti-synthetase syndrome, anti-Ro-52 antibody, anti-Jo-1 antibody

Published
2024

16. Genetic Variants in p53 Pathway Genes Affect Survival of Patients with HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Author

Qin L, Qiu M, Tang J, Liu S, Lin Q, Huang Q, Wei X, Wen Q, Chen P, Zhou Z, Cao J, Liang X, Guo Q, Nong C, Gong Y, Wei Y, Jiang Y, Yu H, and Liu Y

Subjects
hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatitis b virus, p53 signaling pathway, genetic variants, survival, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Liming Qin,1,2,&ast; Moqin Qiu,3,&ast; Jingmei Tang,2 Shuyan Liu,4 Qiuling Lin,5 Qiongguang Huang,2 Xiaoxia Wei,5 Qiuping Wen,1 Peiqin Chen,6 Zihan Zhou,7 Ji Cao,7 Xiumei Liang,8 Qian Guo,9 Cunli Nong,9 Yizhen Gong,5 Yuying Wei,1 Yanji Jiang,10 Hongping Yu,1,2,11– 13 Yingchun Liu1 1Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Respiratory Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 4Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Clinical Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 6Editorial Department of Chinese Journal of Oncology Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Disease Process Management, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 9Liuzhou Worker’s Hospital, Liuzhou, People’s Republic of China; 10Department of Scientific Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 11Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 12Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 13Key Cultivated Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Medicine of Guangxi Health Commission, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yingchun Liu; Hongping Yu, Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, 71&num; Hedi Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-15877191237 ; +86-771-5330850, Fax +86-771-5312000, Email liuyingchun@stu.gxmu.edu.cn; yuhongping@stu.gxmu.edu.cnPurpose: P53 is a suppressor gene closely related to carcinogenesis. However, the associations between genetic variants in the p53 signaling pathway and prognosis in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. The current study aims to analyze associations between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in p53 pathway-related genes and survival of patients with HBV-HCC.Methods: We evaluated the associations between 4698 SNPs in 70 genes of the p53 pathway and overall survival (OS) of 866 patients in additive genetic models by using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Stepwise multivariable Cox regression analysis was conducted to determine the independent effects of identified SNPs in single-locus analyses. The expression of quantitative trait loci (eQTL) was also analyzed using data from GTEx and 1000 Genomes Project, and functional prediction of SNPs was performed by using RegulomeDB v2.2, 3DSNP v2.0, HaploReg v4.2 and VannoPortal.Results: We found that two novel SNPs of CD82 rs7925603 A > G and PMAIP1 rs4396625 A > T, were significantly and independently associated with OS [adjusted hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 1.27 (1.10– 1.48) and 0.77 (0.66– 0.91), respectively; P = 0.001 and = 0.002, respectively] and that the combined risk genotypes of these SNPs showed a significant association with OS in patients with HBV-HCC (Ptrend < 0.001). Further eQTL analysis in the GTEx dataset showed that the rs7925603 G allele was associated with lower CD82 mRNA expression levels, while the rs4396625 T allele was associated with higher PMAIP1 mRNA expression levels in whole blood cells.Conclusion: We identified two observed survival-associated SNPs in CD82 and PMAIP1 in the p53 pathway, which influenced HBV-HCC survival possibly through a mechanism of altering mRNA expression. Large studies are warranted to validate our findings.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatitis B virus, p53 signaling pathway, genetic variants, survival

Published
2024

17. The Relationship Between Financial Stress and Job Performance in China: The Role of Work Engagement and Emotional Exhaustion

Author

Wei X, Yu X, and Ren F

Subjects
financial stress, job performance, work engagement, emotional exhaustion, moderated mediation model, Psychology, BF1-990, Industrial psychology, HF5548.7-5548.85
Abstract

Xing Wei,1 Xinyi Wei,2 Xiaotong Yu,1 Feifei Ren1 1Department of Psychology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USACorrespondence: Feifei Ren, Department of Psychology, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13165021997, Email renfeifei@qdu.edu.cnPurpose: Economic pressure has become an important source of stress for employees. However, the conclusions regarding the relationship between financial stress and employees’ work behavior are not consistent. The present study explored the relationship between financial stress and employee job performance with a Chinese sample and further explored how and when financial stress influenced job performance.Samples and Methods: The present study investigated five distinct companies operating in diverse sectors using a convenience sampling technique. Three hundred and twenty-one employees were recruited. Financial Stress, Job Performance, Work Engagement, and Emotional Exhaustion were measured for this investigation. The mediation effect was tested using a four-step procedure. The analysis of the moderated mediation model was performed using Hayes’s PROCESS macro for SPSS.Results: The results found financial stress was positively related to job performance, and work engagement mediated the positive relationship between financial stress and job performance. In addition, emotional exhaustion moderated the mediating process between financial stress, work engagement, and job performance. Specifically, the beneficial effect of financial stress on work engagement disappeared when emotional exhaustion was high. Besides, a high level of emotional exhaustion weakened the positive relationship between work engagement and job performance.Conclusion: Financial stress plays a motivating role in employees’ job performance in China. Work engagement is a key factor between financial stress and job performance. Notably, the positive effect of financial stress and work engagement on job performance is contingent upon the individual’s level of emotional exhaustion. These results might explain the inconsistency of the effect of financial stress in previous research. Moreover, this finding suggests that emotional factors may not only be the result of stress but can also influence its effects.Keywords: financial stress, job performance, work engagement, emotional exhaustion, moderated mediation model

Published
2024

18. Dual-Drug Loaded Nanobubbles Combined with Sonodynamic and Chemotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy

Author

Guo T, Wang Y, Chen D, Cui S, Guo S, Feng Y, Zhu J, Chang L, Zhang J, Gao X, and Wei X

Subjects
combination of sonodynamic therapy and chemotherapy, the synergistic effect of two drugs, integration of diagnosis and treatment, ultrasound, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Tiantian Guo,1 Yao Wang,1 Dixuan Chen,2 Sifan Cui,2 Shuyue Guo,1 Yixing Feng,1 Jialin Zhu,1 Luchen Chang,1 Jiawei Zhang,2 Xiujun Gao,2 Xi Wei1 1Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xi Wei, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China, Email weixi@tmu.edu.cn Xiujun Gao, School of Biomedical, Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22, Meteorological Station Road, Tianjin, 300070, People’s Republic of China, Email gaoxiujun12242@tmu.edu.cnPurpose: Chemotherapy remains the primary therapeutic approach for advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). The therapeutic effect of chemotherapy is limited and the toxic side effects are serious. The aim of this study is to develop a nanobubble that is ultrasonically responsive to reduce the toxic side effects of direct chemotherapy.Methods: We developed curcumin/doxorubicin-cis-aconitic anhydride-polyethylene glycol nanobubble (C/DCNB) surface modified with acid-sensitive polyethylene glycol (PEG). And it is loaded with curcumin (CUR) and doxorubicin (DOX), as liposomes at the nanoscale for diagnosis and therapy of tumors.Results: In this study, the acid-sensitive PEG on the surface layer of nanobubbles serves to stabilize them in the blood circulatory system and in normal tissues, while peeling off in the acidic tumor microenvironment (pH 6.8). C/DCNB can identify tumor sites through contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). And ultrasound-mediated nanobubbles promote permeability of the tumor vascular, thus improving the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effects in the tumor, leading to the accumulation of nanobubbles in the tumor. After endocytosis of nanobubbles, drugs are released and curcumin generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) under ultrasound conditions. CUR can enhance the sensitivity of tumor cells to DOX by inhibiting the expression of P-glycoprotein. In vitro and vivo experiments demonstrate that C/DCNB can facilitate contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging while simultaneously delivering drugs, enabling both imaging and treatment.Conclusion: The combination of C/DCNB and ultrasound provides an effective strategy for improving the efficiency of HCC therapy and imaging. Keywords: combination of sonodynamic therapy and chemotherapy, the synergistic effect of two drugs, integration of diagnosis and treatment, ultrasound

Published
2024

19. Prognostic Value of Ki67 in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Post-Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Ki67 Combined with CA125 Predicting Recurrence

Author

Liu Y, Gu Q, Xiao Y, Wei X, Wang J, Huang X, and Linghu H

Subjects
interval debulking surgery, progression-free survival, overall survival, tumor marker, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Yuexi Liu,&ast; Qiuying Gu,&ast; Yao Xiao, Xing Wei, Jinlong Wang, Xiaolan Huang, Hua Linghu Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hua Linghu, Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China, Email linghuhua@cqmu.edu.cnPurpose: To evaluate Ki67 expression and prognostic value during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).Patients and Methods: 95 patients with advanced EOC receiving NACT followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) were available for tissue samples from matched pre- and post-therapy specimens. The expression of Ki-67 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and classified by percentage of stained cells. The optimal cutoff values of the Ki67 were assessed by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Kaplan-Meier analysis, the Log rank test, and Cox regression analysis were carried out to analyze survival.Results: Post-NACT Ki67 was an independent prognostic factor for recurrence by univariate (HR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1– 3.0, P-value: 0.023) and multivariate (HR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.08– 3.26, P-value: 0.025) analysis. Residual disease > 1cm (HR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.31– 5.54, P-value: 0.0070) and pre-treatment CA125 ≥ 1432 U/mL (HR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.13– 3.55, P-value: 0.017) were also independent risk factors for progression-free survival (PFS) in multivariate analysis. Post-NACT Ki67 ≥ 20% was an independent risk factor for PFS, however, baseline Ki67 and Ki67 change did not suggest prognostic significance. In patients with high CA125, the median PFS for patients with high postKi67 (median PFS: 15.0 months, 95% CI: 13.4– 16.6 months) was significantly (P-value: 0.013) poorer compared to patients with low postKi67 (median PFS: 30.0 months, 95% CI: 13.5– 46.5 months).Conclusion: Post-NACT Ki67 ≥ 20% was an independent factor associated with poorer PFS in patients with advanced-stage EOC undergoing NACT followed by IDS. The combination of post-NACT Ki67 and pretreatment CA125 could better identify patients with poorer PFS in NACT-administered patients.Keywords: interval debulking surgery, progression-free survival, overall survival, tumor marker

Published
2024

20. Importance of Assessing Sarcopenia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Body Fat Percentage Measured by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in Different Genders

Author

Hou B, Wei X, Yang M, Cao Y, and Dai W

Subjects
body fat percentage, diabetes, sarcopenia, body mass index, obesity, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Bingmei Hou,1,2 Xing Wei,2,3 Mianyu Yang,4,5 Yonghong Cao,1,2 Wu Dai1,2 1Department of Endocrinology, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China; 2The Fifth Clinical School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiology, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Bengbu Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Wu Dai; Yonghong Cao, Department of Endocrinology, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China, Email HouBmei@outlook.com; fish1982cao@126.comBackground: Growing evidence indicates that there is a close relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and sarcopenia, and T2DM patients are often accompanied by obesity. However, research exploring the connection between body fat percentage (BFP) and sarcopenia is currently limited.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included 676 patients with T2DM over 50 years old. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), handgrip strength, and 5-time chair stand test (5-TCST) were measured, and sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS). Spearman’s coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation of BFP and body mass index (BMI) with the diagnostic elements of sarcopenia, and BFP and other relevant covariates were included in the binary logistic regression model. The subgroup performed an interaction test for statistically significant population baseline information.Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia was 18.0% in males and 11.6% in females. Spearman correlation analysis showed that BFP was positively correlated with ASMI in women (R=0.107, P=0.029), but not in men. BFP was negatively correlated with grip strength (male: R= − 0.187, P=0.003; female: R=− 0.108, P=0.029). There was a positive correlation between BFP and 5-TCST (male: R=0.199, P=0.001; female: R=0.144, P=0.003). After adjusting for confounding factors, BFP was an independent risk factor for sarcopenia (men, OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.15– 1.54; women, OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.13– 1.41). This correlation was generally consistent, as demonstrated in further subgroup analyses.Conclusion: High BFP was significantly associated with sarcopenia risk, and this association was independent of gender, age, and BMI.Keywords: body fat percentage, diabetes, sarcopenia, body mass index, obesity

Published
2024

21. Predictive Value of Troponin I, Creatinine Kinase Isoenzyme and the New Japanese Severity Score in Severe Acute Pancreatitis

Author

Wei X, Guo S, and Wang Q

Subjects
acute pancreatitis, new japanese severity score, myocardial injury, prediction model, pancreatic heart syndrome, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Xiaoxing Wei,1,2,&ast; Shengteng Guo,1,&ast; Qinghua Wang1 1School of Nursing (School of Gerontology), Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Intensive Care Unit, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Qinghua Wang, Email pingxing05@126.comPurpose: To evaluate troponin I, creatine kinase isoenzyme, and the new Japanese Severity Score(JSS) for predicting Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated myocardial Injury(SACI).Patients and Methods: This retrospective study included 136 patients with Severe Acute Pancreatitis, hospitalized in grade-III hospital from June 1, 2015, to October 31, 2022; selected using convenience sampling method and divided into SACI occurrence (n =34) and SACI non-occurrence (n =102) groups. New JSS evaluated predictive value of each SACI index. Binary logistic regression model compared risk factors and constructed a prediction model. Area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness of fit test evaluated model’s prediction efficiency and calibration ability.Results: The incidence of SACI was 25%. Univariate analysis found that troponin I and creatine kinase isoenzyme were significantly different (P < 0.05) and independent risk factors for SACI. The new JSS, troponin I, and creatine kinase isoenzyme were included in the prediction model. The prediction model had a good calibration ability, and its predicted value and the actual observed value were not significantly different (Hosmer–Lemeshow χ 2 = 5.408, P = 0.368). AUC of the model was 0.803 (95% CI: 0.689– 0.918), and the optimal threshold of the prediction model was 0.318 with the maximum Youden index (0.488). The AUC for internal validation was 0.788 (95% CI: 0.657– 0.876), and external validation was 0.761 (95% CI: 0.622– 0.832).Conclusion: Troponin I and creatine kinase isoenzymes combined with the new JSS have a high predictive value for SACI, improving the early prediction and treatment of at-risk patients.Keywords: acute pancreatitis, new Japanese severity score, myocardial injury, prediction model, pancreatic heart syndrome

Published
2024

22. Ergothioneine Protects Against UV-Induced Oxidative Stress Through the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway

Author

Li Y, Gao J, Liu S, Chen S, Wei X, Guan Y, Li X, Huang Z, Li G, Zhao Y, Liu P, and Zhang Y

Subjects
ergothioneine, skin aging, pi3k/akt, nrf2, Dermatology, RL1-803
Abstract

Yongchao Li,1,&ast; Jinfeng Gao,2,&ast; Shuhua Liu,1 Shijian Chen,3 Xiaoyue Wei,3 Yalun Guan,1 Xuejiao Li,1 Yunfeng Li,1 Zhongqiang Huang,1 Ge Li,1 Yuhong Zhao,3 Pinghua Liu,4 Yu Zhang1 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, 510663, People’s Republic of China; 2Guangdong Quality Supervision and Testing Station for Medical and Health Care Appliances, Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510632, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yu Zhang; Pinghua Liu, Email zhangyugzh@hotmail.com; pinghua@bu.eduBackground: Ergothioneine (EGT) is an antioxidant, which could be detected in human tissues, and human skin cells could utilize EGT and play an anti-oxidative role in keratinocytes. And in this study we are going to elucidate whether EGT could protect the skin from photoaging by Ultraviolet (UV) exposure in mice and its molecule pathway.Methods: Histological analysis was performed for evaluating the skin structure change. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were measured with biological assay for evaluating oxidative and antioxidative ability of skin exposed to UV light. And the level of marker molecules in mouse skin were detected by hydroxyproline (Hyp) assay, immunohistochemical analysis, Western blot, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The markers of skin aging and cell death were tested by cell culture and treatment, Western blot and qRT-PCR.Results: EGT decreased the levels of inflammatory factors induced by UV exposure in mouse skin. MDA and SOD activity detection showed that EGT decreased MDA levels, increased SOD activity, and upregulated PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signals in mouse skin exposed to UV, which further activated Nrf2 in the nucleus and enhanced the expression of Nrf2 target genes. In the cell model, we revealed that EGT could inhibit the increase in senescence-associated β-galactosidase-positive cells and p16 and γ-H2A.X positive cells induced by etoposide and activate PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling. Moreover, a PI3K inhibitor blocked EGT protection against etoposide-induced cell death.Conclusion: The study showed EGT may play an important protective role against cell damage or death through the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway in skin.Keywords: ergothioneine, skin aging, PI3K/Akt, Nrf2

Published
2024

23. Skin Friction Reduction in a High Reynolds Number Turbulent Boundary Layer Using Spanwise Blowing Microjets

Author

Zhang, X., Wei, X. H., Wang, H. F., Zhou, Y., Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Series Editor, Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Editorial Board Member, di Mare, Francesca, Editorial Board Member, Kwon, Young W., Editorial Board Member, Tolio, Tullio A. M., Editorial Board Member, Trojanowska, Justyna, Editorial Board Member, Schmitt, Robert, Editorial Board Member, Xu, Jinyang, Editorial Board Member, Kim, Daegyoum, editor, Kim, Kyung Chun, editor, Zhou, Yu, editor, and Huang, Lixi, editor

Published
2024
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25. Evidence Construction of Chuankezhi Injection Against Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Pharmacology

Author

Wei X, Zhong Y, Yi X, Li T, Ling Z, Ming M, Zhang S, and He Z

Subjects
meta-analysis, network pharmacology, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chuankezhi injection, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Xuan Wei,1,2,&ast; Yu Zhong,3,&ast; Xiaofei Yi,1 Tingting Li,1 Zhougui Ling,2 Moyu Ming,2 Shuang Zhang,1 Zhiyi He1 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Emergency Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhiyi He, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, NO. 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China, 530000, Tel +86 187 7801 7698, Email zhiyi-river@163.comObjective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease with high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. Chuankezhi (CKZ) injection, a Chinese patent medicine, has been commonly used for treating COPD. This study evaluated the clinical efficacy of CKZ injections in COPD patients and explored potential underlying mechanisms by integrating meta-analysis and network pharmacology.Research Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were search in database by Web of Science, Cochrane Library and PubMed as of November 2022 for literature collection, and the Review Manager 5.4 was used to analyze the data. Through the network pharmacology method, the chemical components and their targets, as well as the disease targets were further analyzed.Results: A total of 15 RCTs including 1212 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that CKZ injection can significantly improve the clinical effective rate (RR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.36), and the clinical advantage was that it can significantly reduced acute exacerbation rate (RR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.70) and COPD assessment test (CAT) scores (MD =− 4.62, 95% CI:-8.966 to-0.28). A total of 31 chemical compounds and 178 potential targets for CKZ injection were obtained from the online databases. Molecular docking revealed that most key components and targets could form stable structure.Conclusion: This systematic review with meta-analysis and network pharmacology demonstrates that CKZ could effectively improve the clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of COPD. Such efficacy may be related to an anti-inflammatory effect and immunoregulation of CKZ via multiple components, multiple targets and multiple pathways. Keywords: meta-analysis, network pharmacology, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Chuankezhi injection

Published
2024

26. A Narrative Review of the Reciprocal Relationship Between Sleep Deprivation and Chronic Pain: The Role of Oxidative Stress

Author

Chen S, Xie Y, Liang Z, Lu Y, Wang J, Xing F, Mao Y, Wei X, Wang Z, Yang J, and Yuan J

Subjects
sleep deprivation, pain, oxidative stress, antioxidants, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Shuhan Chen,1,2 Yanle Xie,1,2 Zenghui Liang,1,2 Yu Lu,3 Jingping Wang,4 Fei Xing,1,2 Yuanyuan Mao,1,2 Xin Wei,1,2 Zhongyu Wang,1,2 Jianjun Yang,1,2 Jingjing Yuan1,2 1Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Henan Province International Joint Laboratory of Pain, Cognition and Emotion, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USACorrespondence: Jingjing Yuan; Jianjun Yang, Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13513719631 ; +86 13783537619, Email yjingjing_99@163.com; yjyangjj@126.comAbstract: Sleep is crucial for human health, insufficient sleep or poor sleep quality may negatively affect sleep function and lead to a state of sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation can result in various health problems, including chronic pain. The intricate relationship between sleep and pain is complex and intertwined, with daytime pain affecting sleep quality and poor sleep increasing pain intensity. The article first describes the influence of sleep on the onset and development of pain, and then explores the impact of daytime pain intensity on nighttime sleep quality and subsequent pain thresholds. However, the primary emphasis is placed on the pivotal role of oxidative stress in this bidirectional relationship. Although the exact mechanisms underlying sleep and chronic pain are unclear, this review focuses on the role of oxidative stress. Numerous studies on sleep deprivation have demonstrated that it can lead to varying degrees of increased pain sensitivity, while chronic pain leads to sleep deprivation and further exacerbates pain. Further research on the role of oxidative stress in the mechanism of sleep deprivation-induced pain sensitization seems reasonable. This article comprehensively reviews the current research on the interrelationship between sleep deprivation, pain and the crucial role of oxidative stress.Keywords: sleep deprivation, pain, oxidative stress, antioxidants

Published
2024

27. Predictive Value of Plasma PCSK9 Levels for Degree of Atherosclerosis and Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events in Older Adult Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Author

Ji J, Wei X, Wan D, Wu L, Chen G, and Liu H

Subjects
older adults, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9, atherosclerosis, major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Jinrui Ji,1,2,&ast; Xiaoyun Wei,1,2,&ast; Dongyun Wan,1,2,&ast; Lei Wu,1,2,&ast; Guangyao Chen,1,3,&ast; Hengliang Liu1,2,&ast; 1Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, People’s Republic of China; 3Zhengzhou Institute of Gastroenterology, People’s Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hengliang Liu, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 33, Huanghe Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 0371-67077158, Email hnzzjjr@163.comPurpose: This study investigated the influence of plasma proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) levels on the degree of atherosclerosis and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in older adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods: The degree of atherosclerosis severity was assessed by the standard Gensini score quartile method. According to the degree of atherosclerosis, patients were divided into mild (0– 24 points; n=84), moderate (25– 53 points; n=86), and severe groups (≥ 54 points; n=84) and then categorized as MACCE (n=30) or non-MACCE (n=224) according to 6-month follow-up data. The patients’ age, sex, smoking history, medical history, and early morning fasting venous blood, for measuring biochemical indexes, were collected. Clinical data were compared between groups and the relationship between Gensini scores and PCSK9 was evaluated.Results: Compared with the mild group, the moderate and severe groups had higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP), PCSK9, triglycerides(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)] levels and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) levels (all P< 0.05). Moreover, PCSK9 positively correlated with Gensini scores (r=0.657, P< 0.01). The MACCE and non-MACCE groups had significantly different ages, statin use, Gensini scores, PCSK9, and LDL-C (all P< 0.05). Multi-factorial Cox risk regression analysis showed the Gensini score (HR=1.018, 95% CI: 1.006~1.029) and PCSK9 (HR=1.147, 95% CI: 1.038~1.287) were independent risk factors for MACCE.Conclusion: The Gensini score and PCSK9 levels can be used as predictive indicators for the degree of illness and occurrence of MACCE in older NAFLD patients.Keywords: older adults, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9, atherosclerosis, major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events

Published
2024

28. The Application of Drugs and Nano-Therapies Targeting Immune Cells in Hypoxic Inflammation

Author

Luo J, Wang H, Chen J, Wei X, Feng J, Zhang Y, and Zhou Y

Subjects
hypoxia, inflammation, immunometabolism, immunotherapy, nanotherapy, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Jiaxin Luo,1,2,&ast; Hanchi Wang,1,2,&ast; Jingxia Chen,1,2 Xuyan Wei,1,2 Jian Feng,1,2 Yidi Zhang,1,2 Yanmin Zhou1,2 1Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yidi Zhang; Yanmin Zhou, Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China, Email zhangyidi@jlu.edu.cn; zhouym@jlu.edu.cnAbstract: Immune cells are pivotal in the dynamic interplay between hypoxia and inflammation. During hypoxic conditions, HIF-1α, a crucial transcription factor, facilitates the adaptation of immune cells to the hypoxic micro-environment. This adaptation includes regulating immune cell metabolism, significantly impacting inflammation development. Strategies for anti-inflammatory and hypoxic relief have been proposed, aiming to disrupt the hypoxia-inflammation nexus. Research extensively focuses on anti-inflammatory agents and materials that target immune cells. These primarily mitigate hypoxic inflammation by encouraging M2-macrophage polarization, restraining neutrophil proliferation and infiltration, and maintaining Treg/TH17 balance. Additionally, oxygen-releasing nano-materials play a significant role. By alleviating hypoxia and clearing reactive oxygen species (ROS), these nano-materials indirectly influence immune cell functions. This paper delves into the response of immune cells under hypoxic conditions and the resultant effects on inflammation. It provides a comprehensive overview of various therapies targeting specific immune cells for anti-inflammatory purposes and explores nano-materials that either carry or generate oxygen to alleviate anoxic micro-environments.Keywords: hypoxia, inflammation, immunometabolism, immunotherapy, nanotherapy

Published
2024

29. STCF conceptual design report (Volume 1): Physics & detector

Author

Achasov, M., Ai, X. C., An, L. P., Aliberti, R., An, Q., Bai, X. Z., Bai, Y., Bakina, O., Barnyakov, A., Blinov, V., Bobrovnikov, V., Bodrov, D., Bogomyagkov, A., Bondar, A., Boyko, I., Bu, Z. H., Cai, F. M., Cai, H., Cao, J. J., Cao, Q. H., Cao, X., Cao, Z., Chang, Q., Chao, K. T., Chen, D. Y., Chen, H., Chen, H. X., Chen, J. F., Chen, K., Chen, L. L., Chen, P., Chen, S. L., Chen, S. M., Chen, S., Chen, S. P., Chen, W., Chen, X., Chen, X. F., Chen, X. R., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. Q., Cheng, H. Y., Cheng, J., Cheng, S., Cheng, T. G., Dai, J. P., Dai, L. Y., Dai, X. C., Dedovich, D., Denig, A., Denisenko, I., Dias, J. M., Ding, D. Z., Dong, L. Y., Dong, W. H., Druzhinin, V., Du, D. S., Du, Y. J., Du, Z. G., Duan, L. M., Epifanov, D., Fan, Y. L., Fang, S. S., Fang, Z. J., Fedotovich, G., Feng, C. Q., Feng, X., Feng, Y. T., Fu, J. L., Gao, J., Gao, Y. N., Ge, P. S., Geng, C. Q., Geng, L. S., Gilman, A., Gong, L., Gong, T., Gou, B., Gradl, W., Gu, J. L., Guevara, A., Gui, L. C., Guo, A. Q., Guo, F. K., Guo, J. C., Guo, J., Guo, Y. P., Guo, Z. H., Guskov, A., Han, K. L., Han, L., Han, M., Hao, X. Q., He, J. B., He, S. Q., He, X. G., He, Y. L., He, Z. B., Heng, Z. X., Hou, B. L., Hou, T. J., Hou, Y. R., Hu, C. Y., Hu, H. M., Hu, K., Hu, R. J., Hu, W. H., Hu, X. H., Hu, Y. C., Hua, J., Huang, G. S., Huang, J. S., Huang, M., Huang, Q. Y., Huang, W. Q., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. J., Huang, Y. B., Huang, Y. S., Hüsken, N., Ivanov, V., Ji, Q. P., Jia, J. J., Jia, S., Jia, Z. K., Jiang, H. B., Jiang, J., Jiang, S. Z., Jiao, J. B., Jiao, Z., Jing, H. J., Kang, X. L., Kang, X. S., Ke, B. C., Kenzie, M., Khoukaz, A., Koop, I., Kravchenko, E., Kuzmin, A., Lei, Y., Levichev, E., Li, C. H., Li, C., Li, D. Y., Li, F., Li, G., Li, G., Li, H. B., Li, H., Li, H. N., Li, H. J., Li, H. L., Li, J. M., Li, J., Li, L., Li, L., Li, L. Y., Li, N., Li, P. R., Li, R. H., Li, S., Li, T., Li, W. J., Li, X., Li, X. H., Li, X. Q., Li, X. H., Li, Y., Li, Y. Y., Li, Z. J., Liang, H., Liang, J. H., Liang, Y. T., Liao, G. R., Liao, L. Z., Liao, Y., Lin, C. X., Lin, D. X., Lin, X. S., Liu, B. J., Liu, C. W., Liu, D., Liu, F., Liu, G. M., Liu, H. B., Liu, J., Liu, J. J., Liu, J. B., Liu, K., Liu, K. Y., Liu, K., Liu, L., Liu, Q., Liu, S. B., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y. W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. L., Liu, Z. Q., Liu, Z. Y., Liu, Z. W., Logashenko, I., Long, Y., Lu, C. G., Lu, J. X., Lu, N., Lü, Q. F., Lu, Y., Lu, Y., Lu, Z., Lukin, P., Luo, F. J., Luo, T., Luo, X. F., Lyu, H. J., Lyu, X. R., Ma, J. P., Ma, P., Ma, Y., Ma, Y. M., Maas, F., Malde, S., Matvienko, D., Meng, Z. X., Mitchell, R., Nefediev, A., Nefedov, Y., Olsen, S. L., Ouyang, Q., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Pan, X., Pan, Y., Passemar, E., Pei, Y. P., Peng, H. P., Peng, L., Peng, X. Y., Peng, X. J., Peters, K., Pivovarov, S., Pyata, E., Qi, B. B., Qi, Y. Q., Qian, W. B., Qian, Y., Qiao, C. F., Qin, J. J., Qin, J. J., Qin, L. Q., Qin, X. S., Qiu, T. L., Rademacker, J., Redmer, C. F., Sang, H. Y., Saur, M., Shan, W., Shan, X. Y., Shang, L. L., Shao, M., Shekhtman, L., Shen, C. P., Shen, J. M., Shen, Z. T., Shi, H. C., Shi, X. D., Shwartz, B., Sokolov, A., Song, J. J., Song, W. M., Song, Y., Song, Y. X., Sukharev, A., Sun, J. F., Sun, L., Sun, X. M., Sun, Y. J., Sun, Z. P., Tang, J., Tang, S. S., Tang, Z. B., Tian, C. H., Tian, J. S., Tian, Y., Tikhonov, Y., Todyshev, K., Uglov, T., Vorobyev, V., Wan, B. D., Wang, B. L., Wang, B., Wang, D. Y., Wang, G. Y., Wang, G. L., Wang, H. L., Wang, J., Wang, J. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, M. L., Wang, R., Wang, R., Wang, S. B., Wang, W., Wang, W. P., Wang, X. C., Wang, X. D., Wang, X. L., Wang, X. L., Wang, X. P., Wang, X. F., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Q., Wang, Y. L., Wang, Y. G., Wang, Z. Y., Wang, Z. Y., Wang, Z. L., Wang, Z. G., Wei, D. H., Wei, X. L., Wei, X. M., Wen, Q. G., Wen, X. J., Wilkinson, G., Wu, B., Wu, J. J., Wu, L., Wu, P., Wu, T. W., Wu, Y. S., Xia, L., Xiang, T., Xiao, C. W., Xiao, D., Xiao, M., Xie, K. P., Xie, Y. H., Xing, Y., Xing, Z. Z., Xiong, X. N., Xu, F. R., Xu, J., Xu, L. L., Xu, Q. N., Xu, X. C., Xu, X. P., Xu, Y. C., Xu, Y. P., Xu, Y., Xu, Z. Z., Xuan, D. W., Xue, F. F., Yan, L., Yan, M. J., Yan, W. B., Yan, W. C., Yan, X. S., Yang, B. F., Yang, C., Yang, H. J., Yang, H. R., Yang, H. T., Yang, J. F., Yang, S. L., Yang, Y. D., Yang, Y. H., Yang, Y. S., Yang, Y. L., Yang, Z. W., Yang, Z. Y., Yao, D. L., Yin, H., Yin, X. H., Yokozaki, N., You, S. Y., You, Z. Y., Yu, C. X., Yu, F. S., Yu, G. L., Yu, H. L., Yu, J. S., Yu, J. Q., Yuan, L., Yuan, X. B., Yuan, Z. Y., Yue, Y. F., Zeng, M., Zeng, S., Zhang, A. L., Zhang, B. W., Zhang, G. Y., Zhang, G. Q., Zhang, H. J., Zhang, H. B., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, L. M., Zhang, Q. A., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. L., Zhang, T., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. T., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Y. C., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Z. H., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, M. G., Zhao, Q., Zhao, R. G., Zhao, R. P., Zhao, Y. X., Zhao, Z. G., Zhao, Z. X., Zhemchugov, A., Zheng, B., Zheng, L., Zheng, Q. B., Zheng, R., Zheng, Y. H., Zhong, X. H., Zhou, H. J., Zhou, H. Q., Zhou, H., Zhou, S. H., Zhou, X., Zhou, X. K., Zhou, X. P., Zhou, X. R., Zhou, Y. L., Zhou, Y., Zhou, Y. X., Zhou, Z. Y., Zhu, J. Y., Zhu, K., Zhu, R. D., Zhu, R. L., Zhu, S. H., Zhu, Y. C., Zhu, Z. A., Zhukova, V., Zhulanov, V., Zou, B. S., and Zuo, Y. B.

Published
2024
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30. GSTP1 rs4147581 C>G and NLRP3 rs3806265 T>C as Risk Factors for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case-Control Study

Author

Li H, Wang R, Wei X, Zhang C, Pei W, Zhang X, Yang Z, Li Z, Zhang Y, Shi Y, Wang Y, and Wang X

Subjects
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, gstp1, nlrp3, polymorphism, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Honge Li,1,&ast; Raorao Wang,1,&ast; Xueyan Wei,1,&ast; Chunyan Zhang,1 Wenhui Pei,1 Xuhui Zhang,2 Zhen Yang,1 Zhi Li,3 Yuhuan Zhang,1 Yanli Shi,1 Yunchao Wang,4 Xinhua Wang1 1Institute of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China; 3The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 4Institute of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yunchao Wang, Institute of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18609404912, Email yunchaow@163.com Xinhua Wang, Institute of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13893602359, Email wxh@gszy.edu.cnBackground: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory ailment influenced by a blend of genetic and environmental factors. Inflammatory response and an imbalance in oxidative-antioxidant mechanisms constitute the primary pathogenesis of COPD. Glutathione S-transferase P1(GSTP1) plays a pivotal role as an antioxidant enzyme in regulating oxidative-antioxidant responses in the pulmonary system. The activation of the NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain (NLRP3) inflammatory vesicle can trigger an inflammatory response. Several investigations have implicated GSTP1 and NLRP3 in the progression of COPD; nonetheless, there remains debate regarding this mechanism.Methods: Employing a case-control study design, 312 individuals diagnosed with COPD and 314 healthy controls were recruited from Gansu Province to evaluate the correlation between GSTP1 (rs4147581C>G and rs1695A>G) and NLRP3 (rs3806265T>C and rs10754558G>C) polymorphisms and the susceptibility to COPD.Results: The presence of the GSTP1 rs4147581G allele substantially elevated the susceptibility to COPD (CGvs.CC:OR=3.11,95% CI=1.961– 4.935, P< 0.001;GGvs.CC:OR=2.065,95% CI=1.273– 3.350, P=0.003; CG+GGvs.CC:OR=2.594,95% CI=1.718– 3.916, P< 0.001). Similarly, the NLRP3rs3806265T allele significantly increased the susceptibility to COPD (TC:TT:OR=0.432,95% CI=0.296– 0.630; TC+CCvs.TT:OR=2.132,95% CI=1.479– 3.074, P< 0.001). However, no statistically significant association was discerned between the rs1695A>G and rs10754558G>C polymorphisms and COPD susceptibility (P> 0.05).Conclusion: In summary, this study ascertained that the GSTP1 rs4147581C>G polymorphism is associated with increased COPD susceptibility, with the G allele elevating the risk of COPD. Similarly, the NLRP3 rs3806265T>C polymorphism is linked to elevated COPD susceptibility, with the T allele heightening the risk of COPD.Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, GSTP1, NLRP3, polymorphism

Published
2024

31. Development and Validation of a Novel Nomogram Integrated with Hypoxic and Lactate Metabolic Characteristics for Prognosis Prediction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Author

Qiu X, Dong L, Wang K, Zhong X, Xu H, Xu S, Guo H, Wei X, Chen W, and Xu X

Subjects
hepatocellular carcinoma, nomogram, prognosis, lactate metabolism, hypoxia, immunotherapy, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Xun Qiu,1,2,&ast; Libin Dong,1,2,&ast; Kai Wang,1,2 Xinyang Zhong,1,2 Hanzhi Xu,1,2 Shengjun Xu,2 Haijun Guo,2 Xuyong Wei,1,2 Wei Chen,2,3 Xiao Xu1,2 1Department of Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wei Chen; Xiao Xu, Email jackweichen@zju.edu.cn; zjxu@zju.edu.cnBackground: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Accumulating evidence indicates that hypoxia and lactate metabolism play critical roles in tumor progression and therapeutic efficacy. This study aimed to construct a hypoxia- and lactate metabolism-related prognostic model (HLPM) to evaluate survival and treatment responses for HCC patients and develop a nomogram integrated with HLPM and clinical characteristics for prognosis prediction in HCC.Methods: Expression profile and clinical data of HCC were obtained from TCGA and ICGC databases. The univariate, LASSO and stepwise multivariate Cox analyses were used to identify the hypoxia- and lactate metabolism-related biomarkers, whose expression levels were then validated in 14 pairs tissue samples and single-cell RNA sequencing dataset. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were utilized to assess the prognostic values of biomarkers or models. Analyses of ImmuCellAI, TIDE and drug sensitivity were conducted to evaluate the therapeutic responses of patients. Furthermore, the nomogram integrated with hypoxic and lactate metabolic characteristics was established through univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. ROC curves, C-index, and calibration curves were depicted to evaluate the performance of the nomogram.Results: Five hypoxia- and lactate metabolism-related biomarkers (KIF20A, IRAK1, ADM, PPARGC1A and EPO) were used to construct HLPM. The expression of five prognostic biomarkers was validated in 14 pairs tissue samples and single-cell RNA sequencing dataset. Analyses of ImmuCellAI, TIDE and drug sensitivity implied that patients with low-risk score were more sensitive to immunotherapy and major chemotherapeutic agents. The nomogram that contained age, histological grade and risk score of HLPM was developed and exhibited a better capacity in prognosis prediction than HLPM only.Conclusion: A novel nomogram integrated with hypoxic and lactate metabolic characteristics was developed and validated for prognosis prediction in HCC, providing insight into personalized decision-making in clinical management.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, nomogram, prognosis, lactate metabolism, hypoxia, immunotherapy

Published
2024

38. CCL21 Induces Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Migration and Activation in a Mouse Model of Glioblastoma.

Author

Zhao, Lei, Shireman, Jack, Probelsky, Samantha, Rigg, Bailey, Wang, Xiaohu, Huff, Wei X., Kwon, Jae H., and Dey, Mahua

Abstract

Simple Summary: Glioblastoma is known to be highly immunosuppressive in nature. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell infiltration is known to be associated with glioblastoma progression and promotes tumor immunosuppression. We provide important details to indicate that glioblastoma cell-secreted CCL21 plays a dual role both in recruiting plasmacytoid dendritic cells via binding to CCR7 and activating plasmacytoid dendritic cells through the CCR7/ACKR4—β-arrestin/CIITA pathway. Our result also provides a rationale to therapeutically target CCL21 as a potential novel treatment for glioblastoma. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that are traditionally divided into two distinct subsets: myeloid DCs (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). pDCs are known for their ability to secrete large amounts of cytokine type I interferons (IFN- α). In our previous work, we have demonstrated that pDC infiltration promotes glioblastoma (GBM) tumor immunosuppression through decreased IFN-α secretion via TLR-9 signaling and increased suppressive function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) via increased IL-10 secretion, resulting in poor overall outcomes in mouse models of GBM. Further dissecting the overall mechanism of pDC-mediated GBM immunosuppression, in this study, we identified CCL21 as highly upregulated by multiple GBM cell lines, which recruit pDCs to tumor sites via CCL21-CCR7 signaling. Furthermore, pDCs are activated by CCL21 in the GBM microenvironment through intracellular signaling of β-arrestin and CIITA. Finally, we found that CCL21-treated pDCs directly suppress CD8+ T cell proliferation without affecting regulatory T cells (Tregs) differentiation, which is considered the canonical pathway of immunotolerant regulation. Taken together, our results show that pDCs play a multifaced role in GBM immunosuppression, and CCL21 could be a novel therapeutic target in GBM to overcome pDC-mediated immunosuppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. The first results of the hydrogen cyanide (HCN) interferometer measuring experimental research apparatus for electromagnetic science (ERAES) for hypersonic vehicle plasma in near space.

Author

Zhang, J. B., Liu, H. Q., Zhang, Y., Wei, X. C., Xie, J. X., Wang, S. X., Lian, H., Jie, Y. X., and Hu, L. Q.

Subjects
PLASMA sheaths, ELECTRON density, PLASMA waves, SPACE plasmas, ELECTROMAGNETIC waves
Abstract

The formation of a plasma sheath on the surface of spacecraft or satellites during high-speed atmospheric entry is a significant factor that affects communication and radar detection. Experimental research apparatus for electromagnetic science can simulate this plasma sheath and study the interaction mechanisms between electromagnetic waves and plasma sheaths. Electron density is a crucial parameter for this research. Therefore, in this paper, a HCN heterodyne interferometer has been designed to measure the electron densities of the device, which range from 1 × 109 to 3 × 1013 cm−3 and the pressure ranges from 50 to 1500 Pa. The light source is a HCN laser with a wavelength of 337 µm, which exhibits higher spatial resolution compared to microwave interferometers. The interferometer is configured as a Mach–Zehnder interferometer, which generates an intermediate frequency through the Doppler shift achieved by a rotating grating. The spatial and temporal resolution of the HCN interferometry reach ∼14 mm and 100 µs, respectively. Antenna-coupled ALGaN/GaN-HEMT detectors have been utilized, as they possess higher sensitivity—with a typical reduction factor responsivity of around 900 V/W—than VDI planar-diode Integrated Conical Horn Fundamental Mixers in HCN interferometry. Recently, the initial results of the HCN interferometer designed for ERAES have been obtained during an experimental campaign, demonstrating a phase resolution of up to 0.04π. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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40. COMPARISON OF LEAF PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF JUVENILE AND ADULT SPECIES OF THE ENDANGERED PLANT TSOONGIODENDRON ODORUM.

Author

PAN, X. F., TANG, J. M., JIANG, H. D., ZOU, R., YANG, Y. S., and WEI, X.

Subjects
PHOTOSYNTHETIC rates, LEAF area, LIGHT intensity, PLANT growth, PLANT species
Abstract

Tsoongiodendron odorum is a rare and characteristic plant species with an extremely limited population. Understanding the photosynthetic and physiological properties of this species is crucial for implementing proper protective cultivation methods. No reports have yet been made on the study of photosynthetic physiological characteristics at different growth stages. In this study, the photosynthetic responses of the leaves of Tsoongiodendron odorum juvenile and adult were examined and the chlorophyll content and anatomical characteristics of the leaf surface were compared. The results showed that: the rate of net photosynthetic (Pn) of adult trees was significantly higher than that of juvenile under various light intensity, and there was light inhibition in juvenile species under high light intensity; the maximum net photosynthetic rate (Pmax) and light saturation point (LSP) of adult tree was significantly higher than those of juvenile, while the dark respiration rate (Rd) and light compensation point (LCP) of juvenile were higher than those of significant adult. Stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) were higher in adult trees than in juveniles under high light intensity. Additionally, adult trees had significantly higher levels of chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll compared to juveniles, and their tissues differed significantly. Results of correlation and redundancy analysis showed that photosynthetic rate was positively correlated with leaf area, palisade cell tissue thickness, palisade-spongy ratio, xylem thickness, phloem thickness, and vascular cambium thickness. In conclusion, it is suggested that shading treatment should be carried out, and the shading degree should be gradually decreased with the growth of the plants to prevent the growth of Tsoongiodendron odorum from being limited by too strong or too weak light environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Emerging Volumetric Imaging Coupled to Multi-omics: Probing Cellular Dynamics and Tissue Niches of Human Lungs in Health and Disease

Author

Yang, L., primary, Agami, A., additional, De Sadeleer, L., additional, Chen, Y., additional, Phuong Vo, T.H., additional, Schniering, J., additional, Lang, N.J., additional, Porras-Gonzalez, D., additional, Wei, X., additional, Wuyts, W.A., additional, Schneider, C., additional, Hatz, R.A., additional, Stoleriu, M.-G., additional, Kneidinger, N., additional, Behr, J., additional, Burgstaller, G., additional, and Schiller, H., additional

Published
2024
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45. The response of agricultural drought to meteorological drought modulated by air temperature

Author

Wei, X., Huang, S., Liu, D., Li, J., Huang, Q., Leng, G., Shi, H., Peng, Jian, Wei, X., Huang, S., Liu, D., Li, J., Huang, Q., Leng, G., Shi, H., and Peng, Jian

Abstract

Due to climate change, there is an increasing occurrence of combined extreme events. The interaction between agricultural drought and meteorological drought may be significantly influenced by the temperature conditions. However, the specific process and the extent of air temperature’s impact on the dynamic remain unknown. To this end, the present study develops a copula-based coupling model to integrate agricultural drought, meteorological drought, and temperature state. This model is designed to investigate how temperature affects the agricultural drought response to meteorological drought, and to determine the transition threshold of temperature state on agricultural drought responding to meteorological drought from inhibition to promotion under diverse drought conditions. Furthermore, the proposed model is used to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of sensitivity and temperature thresholds in summer over mainland China. Finally, the geographical detector model is employed to investigate the primary factors influencing the spatial distribution of sensitivity and temperature thresholds. Results indicated that: (1) high temperatures have intensified the response of agricultural drought to meteorological drought in over 88% of mainland China, while in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region of the Inland River basin, this response is mitigated by glacier meltwater resulting from high temperatures; (2) the thresholds are lower in the Southeast River basin, the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the Pearl River basin, the southern Songliao River basin and the Haihe River basin, but higher in the Yellow River basin, the western Yangtze River basin, the southern Inland River basin and Yunnan Province; and (3) the land-atmosphere coupling is crucial in determining both sensitivity and threshold levels.

Published
2024

46. Vacuum-Free Liquid-Metal-Printed 2D Semiconducting Tin Dioxide: The Effect of Annealing

Author

Syed, N, Nguyen, CK, Zavabeti, A, Low, MX, Wei, X, Krishnamurthi, V, Irfan, M, Lee, WSL, Duong, NMH, Nguyen, AT, Reineck, P, Bao, L, Roberts, A, Daeneke, T, Syed, N, Nguyen, CK, Zavabeti, A, Low, MX, Wei, X, Krishnamurthi, V, Irfan, M, Lee, WSL, Duong, NMH, Nguyen, AT, Reineck, P, Bao, L, Roberts, A, and Daeneke, T

Abstract

Thin film transistors (TFTs) offer unparalleled opportunities for the fabrication of multifunctional electronic and optoelectronic devices. In this work, we report a vacuum-free liquid metal exfoliation technique for rapidly printing ∼2 nm-thick layer of oxide from molten tin. We explore the effect of rapid thermal annealing at 450 °C on the stoichiometry, morphology, and crystal structure of the resulting tin oxide nanosheets. The annealed samples exhibit a dominant SnO2 phase and a high degree of transparency (>99%) in the visible spectra. Field-effect transistors based on the two-dimensional (2D) SnO2 films show typical n-channel conduction with a field-effect mobility of ∼7.5 cm2 V–1 s–1. Photodetectors utilizing annealed tin dioxide demonstrate significant improvement in photoresponsivity reaching a value of 5.2 × 103 A W–1 compared to that found in an unannealed sample at an ultraviolet wavelength of 285 nm. We demonstrate that the improvement in device performance is due to nanocrystalline changes within the oxide layers during the annealing process. This work offers a straightforward and ambient air-compatible method for depositing ultrathin, large-area semiconducting oxides as potential candidates for enabling emerging applications in transparent nanoelectronics and optoelectronics.

Published
2024

47. Effects of interaction of multiple large-scale atmospheric circulations on precipitation dynamics in China

Author

Dong, H., Huang, S., Wang, H., Shi, H., Singh, V.P., She, D., Huang, Q., Leng, G., Gao, L., Wei, X., Peng, Jian, Dong, H., Huang, S., Wang, H., Shi, H., Singh, V.P., She, D., Huang, Q., Leng, G., Gao, L., Wei, X., and Peng, Jian

Abstract

Different scenarios of precipitation, that lead to such phenomena as droughts and floods are influenced by concurrent multiple teleconnection factors. However, the multivariate relationship between precipitation indices and teleconnection factors, including large-scale atmospheric circulations and sea surface temperature signals in China, is rarely explored. Understanding this relationship is crucial for drought early warning systems and effective response strategies. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the combined effects of multiple large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns on precipitation changes in China. Specifically, Pearson correlation analysis and Partial Wavelet Coherence (PWC) were used to identify the primary teleconnection factors influencing precipitation dynamics. Furthermore, we used the cross-wavelet method to elucidate the temporal lag and periodic relationships between multiple teleconnection factors and their interactions. Finally, the multiple wavelet coherence analysis method was used to identify the dominant two-factor and three-factor combinations shaping precipitation dynamics. This analysis facilitated the quantification and determination of interaction types and influencing pathways of teleconnection factors on precipitation dynamics, respectively. The results showed that: (1) the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), EI Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), East Asia Summer Monsoon (EASM), and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) were dominant teleconnection factors influencing Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) dynamics; (2) significant correlation and leading or lagging relationships at different timescales generally existed for various teleconnection factors, where AMO was mainly leading the other factors with positive correlation, while ENSO and Southern Oscillation (SO) were mainly lagging behind other factors with prolonged correlations; and (3) the interactions between teleconnection factors were quantified into three types

Published
2024

48. Estimating time-dependent structures in a multivariate causality for land–atmosphere interactions

Author

Zhou, F., Hagan, D.F.T., Wang, G., Liang, X.S., Li, Shijie, Shao, Y., Yeboah, E., Wei, X., Zhou, F., Hagan, D.F.T., Wang, G., Liang, X.S., Li, Shijie, Shao, Y., Yeboah, E., and Wei, X.

Abstract

The land surface and atmosphere interaction forms an integral part of the climate system. However, this intricate relationship involves many complicated interactions and feedback effects between multiple variables. As a result, relying solely on traditional linear regression analysis and correlation analysis to distinguish between multivariate complex “driver–response” relations can be challenging, since they do not have the needed asymmetry to establish causality. The Liang–Kleeman (LK) information flow theory provides a strict nonparametric causality measurement for identifying the causality between any given time series, and its recent extension from bivariate to multivariate form provides a powerful tool for causal inference in complex multivariate systems. However, the multivariate LK information flow also assumes stationarity in time and requires a sufficiently long time series to ensure statistical sufficiency. To remedy this challenge, we rely on the square-root Kalman filter to estimate the time-varying form of the multivariate LK information flow causality. The results from theoretical and real-world applications show that the new algorithm provides a valuable tool for characterizing time-varying causal relationships in land–atmosphere interactions, even when the time series are short and highly correlated.

Published
2024

49. Contrasting characteristics and drivers of dry and warm snow droughts in China's largest inland river basin

Author

Wang, Z., Huang, S., Singh, V.P., Mu, Z., Leng, G., Li, J., Duan, W., Ling, H., Xu, J., Nie, M., Leng, Y., Gao, Y., Guo, W., Wei, X., Deng, M., Peng, Jian, Wang, Z., Huang, S., Singh, V.P., Mu, Z., Leng, G., Li, J., Duan, W., Ling, H., Xu, J., Nie, M., Leng, Y., Gao, Y., Guo, W., Wei, X., Deng, M., and Peng, Jian

Abstract

Study region The largest inland river basin in China (the Tarim River Basin) Study focus This study introduces a novel classification scheme for dry and warm snow droughts with focus on their duration, severity, and intensity. The Nonparametric Standardized SWE Index (NSWEI) and the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) were employed to assess these drought types. The optimal parameters-based geographical detector (OPGD) model and machine learning (including random forest model and Shapley-XGBoost algorithm) were applied to reveal the spatial and time dynamic driving forces of droughts. New hydrological insights for the regions Results indicated that warm-type droughts occurred more frequently and with greater intensity, exhibiting a larger spatial coverage compared to dry-type droughts, which can be attributed to warm-type droughts dominated by temperature and vapor pressure deficit, whereas dry-type are predominantly influenced by relative humidity and solar radiation. Moreover, the dynamics of snow droughts exhibited a contrasting pattern between the south (experiencing an upward trend) and the north (experiencing a descending trend). In the south, dry-type droughts were exacerbated by the strength of North Pacific Oscillation (PDO)-precipitation coupling, while warm-type droughts are influenced by the strength of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)-precipitation coupling and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-precipitation.

Published
2024

50. A method for detecting surface defects in hot-rolled strip steel based on deep learning

Author

Ren, H., Zhang, Y. J., Chen, J. T., Wei, X. N., Chen, H. K., Liu, P., Ren, H., Zhang, Y. J., Chen, J. T., Wei, X. N., Chen, H. K., and Liu, P.

Abstract

Hot-rolled strip steel is a material widely used in production activities and daily life. However, the appearance of surface defects during its production process is inevitable. To address this issue, we introduce a new detection method using Gold-Yolo to detect surface defects on hot-rolled strip steel. Our method effectively balances accuracy and real-time performance while detecting four common types of surface defects, achieving an average accuracy rate of 82,2 % for detecting individual types of surface defects. Experimental data prove that our method excels in classifying and locating surface defects on hot-rolled steel strip, demonstrating broad application prospects and promotional value.

Published
2024

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