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This article presents an event triggered control approach for discrete‐time T‐S fuzzy systems, which integrates the homogeneous polynomial method and a dynamic event triggering mechanism. First, a kind of discrete‐time loop functions and the dynamic event triggering scheme based on periodic sampling are constructed to establish stability conditions with known system information. Second, by introducing the homogeneous polynomial method to relax the stability criteria, the sampling interval is increased and the system conservatism is reduced. Additionally, an integrated framework for collaboratively designing the event triggering functions and controllers is proposed, which reduces the complexity of sampling transmission while ensuring system stability. Finally, numerical and practical examples are used to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Different doses of radiotherapy (RT) exert diverse effects on tumor immunity, although the precise irradiation method remains unknown. This study sought to elucidate the influence of combining different doses of RT with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) on the infiltration of CD8+T cells within tumors, thereby augmenting the anti-tumor response. Methods: Constructing a mouse model featuring bilateral lung cancer tumors subjected to high and low dose irradiation, the analysis of RNA transcriptome sequencing data and immunohistochemical validation for tumors exposed to various dosages guided the selection of the optimal low-dose irradiation scheme. Subsequently, upon the integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy, the infiltration of immune cells within the tumor was ascertained via immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry (FCM). Finally, through bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification, potential strategies to bolster the anti-tumor immune response were investigated. Results: In comparison to the administration of 20Gy alone to the primary tumor, supplementing with 6Gy directed at the abscopal tumor produces a more pronounced abscopal response. The synergy of 20Gy, 6Gy, and ICIs markedly boosts the efficiency of ICIs. According to the findings from IHC and FCM studies, the triple therapy group exhibits a heightened infiltration of immune cells into the tumor, largely attributable to the augmented expression of CCL17 within the tumor under these irradiation regimens, which subsequently draws CD8+ T cells to infiltrate the tumor site, exerting cytotoxic effects. Conclusion: Our study shows that the combined application of 20Gy and 6Gy can enhance the infiltration of tumor CD8+T cells in mice and improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the tensile and low-cycle fatigue characteristics of S32750 duplex stainless steel subjected to two distinct solid solution treatment temperatures. The microstructures, fracture surfaces, and slip systems of the tested steel were analyzed using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The findings reveal that elevating the solid solution treatment temperature from 1080 °C to 1180 °C results in an increase in the yield strength of the tested steel by approximately 36 MPa and a substantial enhancement in fatigue life by 34%. Microhardness measurements indicate that the degree of hardening in austenite post-fatigue failure significantly surpasses that of ferrite. The variation in solid solution temperature alters the ferrite and austenite content within the matrix, consequently affecting the strain distribution between the two phases. The high-temperature solid solution treatment effectively enhances the two-phase strain-bearing capacity of the tested steel. Following the 1180 °C solid solution treatment, no cloud-like dislocation patterns were observed in the ferrite; instead, they were replaced by a proliferation of thick, interwoven dislocation bundles. In contrast, the dislocations within the austenite predominantly consist of ordered planar slip and twinning. The primary contributor to the extended fatigue life is the increased number of absorbed dislocations within the ferrite grains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

STK11 adnexal tumors are recently named tumors of the female adnexal region, associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS). There is a lack of studies on the clinical phenotypes of PJS concerning the pathology and molecular characteristics of STK11 adnexal tumors. We searched for 781 relevant studies through PubMed and Web of Science, and preliminary statistical and grouping comparisons were made using the screened study data combined with our patient. A total of 25 patients with STK11 adnexal tumors (excluding tumors with no detectable STK11 alterations) were reported in 4 studies. The tumors were most common in middle-aged women (mean age of 39 years) and typically located at paratubal sites (76%). Nearly half of patients (45%) had PJS manifestations or molecular changes. Compared with sporadic (non-PJS) STK11 adnexal tumors, PJS-associated STK11 adnexal tumors were slightly larger in diameter (mean 12.6 cm vs 8.9 cm) and had a longer interval between first recurrences (median 19 months vs 7 months). Primary tumors with pelvic recurrence had a reduced keratin 7 positive rate and tended to grow in non-paratubal sites. However, overall, the clinicopathological characteristics of PJS-associated tumors and sporadic tumors were similar, as was the immunohistochemical expression of primary and recurrent tumors. More specimens and studies are needed to support these observations and further delineate the characteristics of STK11 adnexal tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Different doses of radiotherapy (RT) exert diverse effects on tumor immunity, although the precise irradiation method remains unknown. This study sought to elucidate the influence of combining different doses of RT with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) on the infiltration of CD8 + T cells within tumors, thereby augmenting the anti-tumor response., Methods: Constructing a mouse model featuring bilateral lung cancer tumors subjected to high and low dose irradiation, the analysis of RNA transcriptome sequencing data and immunohistochemical validation for tumors exposed to various dosages guided the selection of the optimal low-dose irradiation scheme. Subsequently, upon the integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy, the infiltration of immune cells within the tumor was ascertained via immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry (FCM). Finally, through bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification, potential strategies to bolster the anti-tumor immune response were investigated., Results: In comparison to the administration of 20Gy alone to the primary tumor, supplementing with 6Gy directed at the abscopal tumor produces a more pronounced abscopal response. The synergy of 20Gy, 6Gy, and ICIs markedly boosts the efficiency of ICIs. According to the findings from IHC and FCM studies, the triple therapy group exhibits a heightened infiltration of immune cells into the tumor, largely attributable to the augmented expression of CCL17 within the tumor under these irradiation regimens, which subsequently draws CD8+ T cells to infiltrate the tumor site, exerting cytotoxic effects., Conclusion: Our study shows that the combined application of 20Gy and 6Gy can enhance the infiltration of tumor CD8 + T cells in mice and improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (Copyright © 2025 Huang, Wang, Xu, Qian, Cao, Wu, Ming, Tang, Huang, Yin and Zhou.)