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ObjectiveTo understand the current drug resistance status and bacterial multilocus sequence typing （MLST） of human and avian Campylobacter jejuni in Jinshan District， Shanghai.MethodsFecal samples were collected from diarrhea patients in the annuity mountainous area from 2021 to 2022， and poultry and related samples were collected from 2 poultry farms in the Jinshan area for detection of C. jejuni. Minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） drug sensitivity test was performed on the detected C. jejuni， and some strains were selected for whole genome sequencing and MLST analysis.ResultsA total of 823 samples of diarrhea disease were collected， and 32 strains of C. jejuni were detected， with a detection rate of 3.89%. Out of 600 poultry related samples， 62 strains of C. jejuni were detected， with a detection rate of 10.33%. Human multidrug resistance reached 93.75% （30/32）， while avian multidrug resistance reached 100.00%（62/62）. The top four drug resistance rates of human and avian C. jejuni were azithromycin （100.00% from humans and 100.00% from birds）， naphthoic acid （93.75% from humans and 87.10% from birds）， ciprofloxacin （90.63% from humans and 98.39% from birds）， and tetracycline （84.38% from humans and 98.39% from birds）. The relatively low resistance strains of human derived C. were erythromycin， chloramphenicol， and thalithromycin. The relatively low resistance strains of avian C. jejuni were erythromycin， clindamycin， and flufenicol. MLST analysis showed that the selected 16 strains of bacteria were divided into 9 ST types， among which the evolutionary relationship of avian C. jejuni was relatively concentrated， while human C. jejuni was relatively dispersed. It was found that one strain of avian C. jejuni was closely related to two strains of human C. jejuni.ConclusionsC. jejuni infection is severe in patients with diarrhea in this region， with a detection rate second only to salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. C. jejuni infection in poultry is relatively common， and both are highly resistant. Therefore， monitoring and control should be strengthened. MLST analysis shows new ST types in both avian and human sources of C. jejuni， indicating the emergence of new mutations that require continuous monitoring to avoid the epidemics caused by new strains. The isolated strains with close genetic relationships between avian and human sources reveal the evidence of the spread of C. jejuni from poultry to humans. Therefore it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of C. jejuni in relevant samples from breeding farms.

Highlights Wood plastic composite (WPC) is a kind of eco‐friendly material made of agricultural and forest industry waste and residues compounded with thermoplastic. The defects of traditional WPC, such as low strength and high creep, greatly limit its engineering applications. To solve the problem, this paper proposed two methods of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforced PVC‐based WPC panels (G‐WPC) by bonding GFRP sheets or embedding GFRP bars in the tensile zone of the WPC panels. The effects of the thickness of GFRP sheet and reinforcement ratio of GFRP bar on the flexural property of G‐WPC were comparatively analyzed by carrying out four‐point bending tests and finite element simulations. The results showed that the failure modes of the GFRP sheets reinforced specimens were mainly flexural fracture and interface debonding, and the GFRP bars reinforced specimens were flexural fracture and excessive deformation. The ultimate flexural bearing capacity of both GFRP sheets/bars reinforced specimens could be improved by more than 200%. GFRP bar reinforced specimens had better ductility than reinforced with sheet. The effects of WPC density, GFRP sheet fiber layup angle and GFRP bar diameter on the flexural behavior of G‐WPC were further parametrically analyzed using the finite element model (FEM). Two effective flexural reinforcement methods of WPC were proposed. The optimum thickness of GFRP sheet was obtained based on experimental tests. The suitable reinforcement ratio of GFRP bars was studied by tests and FEM. Effects of WPC density, GFRP fiber layup angle and bar diameter were analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three‐dimensional displacement monitoring over long distances has been a long‐standing concern in the structural health monitoring industry. In this study, a multi‐degree‐of‐freedom slope displacement monitoring method is developed by fusing computer vision and the 3D point triangulation method. Attributed to this method, the problems of outdoor binocular camera calibration, multi‐target mismatching, and outdoor illumination effects were solved. First, a two‐stage camera calibration method is proposed to accurately calibrate intrinsic and extrinsic camera parameters under a large field of view and long working distance conditions. Second, the adaptive spatial‐frequency method is proposed to calculate the coding and pixel coordinates of the monitored target. In this step, to solve the problem of mismatching monitored points in different camera frames, the Augmented Reality University of Cordoba code is introduced to provide a unique identity code for each monitored point. To mitigate the impact of illumination and other factors on pixel coordinate calculation, an adaptive pixel coordinate calculation method that combines information from the spatial and frequency domains is proposed., Third, based on the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the stereo camera and the pixel coordinates of the monitored points, the 3D coordinates of the monitored points are obtained through triangulation. Finally, the accuracy experiments and stability experiments are conducted. According to the results of the experiments, the measurement distance is positively correlated with the measurement error. And the baseline length is negatively correlated with the measurement error in the z‐direction. Ultimately, we suggest that the ratio of baseline length to measurement distance should be greater than 40%. When the recommended value is satisfied, the measurement error is less than 1 mm when the measurement distance is less than 40 m. When the measurement distance is equal to 90 m, the measurement error is less than 5 mm. Meanwhile, stability experiments of the algorithm were carried out, and in a period of outdoor validation experiments, the fluctuations were only sub‐millimeter, demonstrating good anti‐interference performance. Moreover, the method proposed in this study successfully monitored a landslide disaster in Guangxi, which demonstrated its outstanding practical application capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reservoirs exert a profound influence on the cycling of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in inland waters by altering flow regimes. Biological incubations can help to disentangle the role that microbial processing plays in the DOM cycling within reservoirs. However, the complex DOM composition poses a great challenge to the analysis of such data. Here we tested if the interpretable machine learning (ML) methodologies can contribute to capturing the relationships between molecular reactivity and composition. We developed time‐specific ML models based on 7‐day and 30‐day incubations to simulate the biogeochemical processes in the Three Gorges Reservoir over shorter and longer water retention periods, respectively. Results showed that the extended water retention time likely allows the successive microbial degradation of molecules, with stochasticity exerting a non‐negligible effect on the molecular composition at the initial stage of the incubation. This study highlights the potential of ML in enhancing our interpretation of DOM dynamics over time. Plain Language Summary: As a comprehensive man‐made infrastructure, reservoirs significantly influence the chemical composition, reactivity, and turnover time of dissolved organic matter (DOM) within inland waters. However, it remains elusive how DOM molecules respond to microbial processing over different time scales. Besides the well‐recognized predictive power of machine learning (ML) methodologies, we delved into the processes of tuning the ML models to acquire additional interpretability. We used an under‐sampling strategy to improve model performance and simultaneously observed the variations in model performance metrics for different biological reactivity pools over incubations with different durations. We find that shorter incubation periods result in a broader range of molecules disappearing, with a greater contribution of stochasticity, while the longer incubation allows the successive biodegradation of oxygen‐poor compounds, with a greater contribution of directed degradation. As a complement to traditional geochemical methods, we unveiled a novel perspective in understanding the DOM dynamics over time using ML. Key Points: Machine learning (ML) models were built to correlate the molecular composition and biological reactivity at the world's largest reservoirShorter incubations result in a broader range of molecules disappearing, with a greater contribution of stochasticityTuning the ML model contributes to yield additional interpretability beyond its well‐recognized predictive power [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring high efficiency S‐scheme heterojunction photocatalysts with strong redox ability for removing volatile organic compounds from the air is of great interest and importance. However, how to predict and regulate the transport of photogenerated carriers in heterojunctions is a great challenge. Here, density functional theory calculations were first used to successfully predict the formation of a CdS quantum dots/InVO4 atomic‐layer (110)/(110) facet S‐scheme heterojunction. Subsequently, a CdS quantum dots/InVO4 atomic‐layer was synthesized by in‐situ loading of CdS quantum dots with (110) facets onto the (110) facets of InVO4 atomic‐layer. As a result of the deliberately constructed built‐in electric field between the adjoining facets, we obtain a remarkably enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate for ethylene. This rate is 13.8 times that of pure CdS and 13.2 times that of pure InVO4. In‐situ irradiated X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, photoluminescence and time‐resolved photoluminescence measurements were carried out. These experiments validate that the built‐in electric field enhanced the dissociation of photoexcited excitons and the separation of free charge carriers, and results in the formation of S‐scheme charge transfer pathways. The reaction mechanism of the photocatalytic C2H4 oxidation is investigated by in‐situ electron paramagnetic resonance. This work provides a mechanistic insight into the construction and optimization of semiconductor heterojunction photocatalysts for application to environmental remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a composite nano-microstructure comprising Ti3C2 and nanogold as a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-active substrate for the highly sensitive sensing of amine gases. The adsorption performance of Ti3C2 was tested by a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor. Excellent adsorption ability of Ti3C2 was observed for aniline, phenylenediamine, and diethylamine, with adsorption amounts exceeding 2210, 1740, and 970 ng cm−2, respectively. The synergistic effect of the electromagnetic properties of Ti3C2 and nano-Au in the Ti3C2/nano-Au composite nanostructures was verified by finite-difference time-domain simulation. Partial chemical enhancement between Ti3C2 and aniline was verified by photocurrent tests. To achieve assay specificity, mercaptoacetaldehyde (MA) was adopted as a recognition probe. The Schiff base reaction between aldehyde groups and amino groups produces the –C＝N– bond, with the Raman characteristic peak at 1635 cm−1, enabling precise amine identification with the SERS chip. To obtain the Ti3C2/nano-Au@MA SERS sensing chip, nano Au was deposited on an indium tin oxide substrate using the chronoamperometric method, followed by nano-Au aldolization modification through Au-SH interactions and the spin-coating of a Ti3C2 film layer. Due to the high affinity of Ti3C2 for amine molecules and the low SERS background signal of MA and Ti3C2, the SERS spectra could be used for ultra-sensitive detection of amines. Three amine gases, i.e. aniline, p-phenylenediamine, and diethylamine, were detected quantitatively using the intensity ratiometric method on the functionalized Ti3C2/nano-Au@MA SERS sensor chip. The detection limits were 1, 1, and 20 parts per billion, respectively. By identifying the characteristic fingerprint peaks and comparing the relative intensity of the –C＝N– characteristic peak, quantitative analysis of the components of aniline and p-phenylenediamine mixed gas was accomplished. These findings demonstrate that the Ti3C2/nano-Au@MA SERS sensor chip offers a promising approach for the detection of amine gas molecules and holds potential for applications in environmental monitoring, disease diagnosis, and chemical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrated that ternary HfAlO2 amorphous film prepared with common co-sputtering technology can be a suitable gate dielectric for bilayer MoTe2 transistors. The film quality can be improved by optimizing the sputtering process and post-annealing treatment, which is superior to its binary Al2O3 and HfO2 components and satisfies gate dielectric criteria. The bilayer MoTe2 transistors with ∼29-nm-thick HfAlO2 gate dielectric exhibit an Ion/Ioff ratio of over 108 by a low operating voltage, together with a small subthreshold swing ≈ 71.22 mV/dec. These promising characteristics favor the development of high-performance and low-power ultrathin MoTe2-based beyond-silicon electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Plant‐based yogurts are suffering from the common problems, such as an unattractive color, stratified texture state and rough taste. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a novel processing method to improve the quality and extend the storage life of hempseed yogurt. In the present study, hempseed yogurt was microfluidized prior to fermentation. The effects of microfluidization on microstructure, particle size, mechanical properties, sensory acceptability, variations in pH and titratable acidity, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts, and stability of hempseed yogurt during 20 days of storage were investigated. RESULTS: Microfluidization contributed to the production of hempseed yogurt as a result of the better physicochemical properties compared to normal homogenization. Specifically, microfluidization reduced the particle size of hempseed yogurt with a uniform particle distribution, increased water holding capacity, and improved texture and rheological properties. These advancements resulted in higher sensory scores for the yogurt. Furthermore, during storage, microfluidization effectively inhibited the post‐acidification process of hempseed yogurt, and increased LAB counts and storage stability. CONCLUSION: Microfluidization improved the physicochemical properties and storage stability of hempseed yogurt. Our findings support the application of microfluidization in hempseed yogurt and provide a new approach for enhancing the quality of plant‐based alternatives that meet consumers' demands for high‐quality food products. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]