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Digital twin (DT) and other emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), data mining, reinforcement learning, remote intelligent control, and machine learning offer enormous potential for transforming today's equipment model into intelligent devices. It is one of the key technologies to endorse the virtual and remote intelligent control system for home-devices (HD) in human comfort (disabled/elderly). The relevant research is in the initial stage, and how to realize the DT of home-equipment control has become a vital problem to be solved. This study expounds on the suggestion and application of the DT model and summarizes the research and application progress from the aspect of the home-devices' DT (HDDT) modeling. This modelling approach is three-staged: in terms of physical entities, virtual entities, and connectivity (data communication). The proposed model utilizes an interactive mechanism for the intelligent control of HD, by integrating DT and virtual simulation technologies to establish a human cyber-physical system (HCPS), specifically addressing the challenges associated with remote-control problems. The HCPS aims to achieve a deep integration and interface between the physical and virtual spaces of smart-device information. Using the game theory approach to create multi-physical entities and DT entities of IoT-based HD like washing machines, lamps, breakers, heaters, kitchen equipment, TV, AC, etc. The next step is to develop high-performance smart devices and build a reasonable sensing network to improve the depth and range of connection. The equipment tracking test showed that the system could control virtual reality synchronization, positional accuracy, and quality control for smart-devices development in HDDT modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attention is comprised of three independent and interacting attention networks: phasic alertness, orienting, and executive control. Previous studies have explored event-related potentials associated with these attention networks and executive vigilance, there is a lack of research on the relationship between executive vigilance and the three attention networks. However, there is a lack of research on the relationship between executive vigilance and the three attention networks. The present study aims to investigate this relationship. Based on the theory of cognitive resource control, two experimental blocks were designed with the vigilance task as the control variable. A total of 39 participants completed both ANTI and ANTI-V trials (two variants of the traditional attention network test ANT) in the same period. Through analysis of behavior measures (RT) and electrophysiological results related to phasic alertness (N1, P2, and contingent negative variation), orienting (P1, N1, and P3), and executive control (N2 and slow positive potential), we found that the reaction time of the ANTI block was lower than that of the ANTI-V block under all conditions, This suggests that adding a vigilance task may lead to reduced allocation of attention resources across all three attention networks. Furthermore, the orienting ability was weaker in the ANTI-V experimental block compared to that in the ANTI block due to effects on P1 and P3 regulation by the vigilance task. The N2 amplitude of the ANTI-V block was consistently reduced under similar conditions, indicating a weakening of executive control ability. The electrophysiological results revealed that executive vigilance inhibited the component of early attention perception related to the orienting network and was also related to the ability to detect conflict in the executive control network., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Efficient communication and regulation are crucial for advancing brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), with the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) paradigm demonstrating high accuracy and information transfer rates. However, the conventional SSVEP paradigm encounters challenges related to visual occlusion and fatigue. In this study, we propose an improved SSVEP paradigm that addresses these issues by lowering the contrast of visual stimuli. visual stimulation. The improved paradigms outperform the traditional paradigm in the experiments, significantly reducing the visual stimulation of the SSVEP paradigm. Furthermore, we apply this enhanced paradigm to a BCI navigation system, enabling two-dimensional navigation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) through a first-person perspective. Experimental results indicate the enhanced SSVEP-based BCI system's accuracy in performing navigation and search tasks. Our findings highlight the feasibility of the enhanced SSVEP paradigm in mitigating visual occlusion and fatigue issues, presenting a more intuitive and natural approach for BCIs to control external equipment.

Background and Purpose: Collateral circulation plays an important role in steno-occlusive internal carotid artery disease (ICAD) to reduce the risk of stroke. We aimed to investigate the utility of planning-free random vessel-encoded arterial spin-labeling (rVE-ASL) in assessing collateral flows in patients with ICAD., Materials and Methods: Forty patients with ICAD were prospectively recruited. The presence and extent of collateral flow were assessed and compared between rVE-ASL and DSA by using Contingency (C) and Cramer V (V) coefficients. The differences in flow territory alterations stratified by stenosis ratio and symptoms, respectively, were compared between symptomatic ( n = 19) and asymptomatic ( n = 21) patients by using the Fisher exact test., Results: Good agreement was observed between rVE-ASL and DSA in assessing collateral flow (C = 0.762, V = 0.833, both P  < .001). Patients with ICA stenosis of ≥90% were more likely to have flow alterations ( P  < .001). Symptomatic patients showed a higher prevalence of flow alterations in the territory of the MCA on the same side of ICAD (63.2%), compared with asymptomatic patients (23.8%, P  = .012), while the flow alterations in the territory of anterior cerebral artery did not differ ( P  = .442). The collateral flow to MCA territory was developed primarily from the contralateral internal carotid artery (70.6%) and vertebrobasilar artery to a lesser extent (47.1%)., Conclusions: rVE-ASL provides comparable information with DSA on the assessment of collateral flow. The flow alterations in the MCA territory may be attributed to symptomatic ICAD., (© 2024 by American Journal of Neuroradiology.)