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Abstract Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show optimal treatment effects on recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma(R/M NPC). Nonetheless, whether metastatic sites impact ICIs efficacy remains unclear. Methods We performed a secondary analysis of R/M NPC patients treated with KL-A167, a programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1) inhibitor, based on a multicenter, single-arm, phase II study from China between 2019 and 2021 years, which represents the first and most comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of a PD-L1 inhibitor in patients who have been previously treated. The Cox proportional hazard model was utilized to evaluate the association between sites and PFS and OS. Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were carried out to confirm the reliability of our findings. Results A total of 153 R/M NPC patients were included. The mean age was 47 years and 81% of patients were males. All patients in our study had distant metastasis, with a majority (n = 69) presenting with more than 2 sites of distant metastasis upon admission. The collected sites of metastasis included liver, lung, lymph and bone. Among the 153 patients, 37.9% (58 patients) received anti-PD-L1 treatment for a minimum of 6 months, and 17.6% (27 patients) were treated for at least 12 months. By conducting multivariate analysis, R/M NPC patients with non-liver metastases presented significantly longer progress-free survival (PFS, HR:1.67, CI:1.09–0.2.55, p = 0.018) and overall survival (OS, HR:2.52, CI:1.49–4.28, p 0.005). Our sensitive analysis showed liver metastases patients with less other site metastases (0 or 1) had shorter OS compared to non-liver metastases patients with more other metastases(≥ 2). Furthermore, subgroup analysis indicated the robustness evidence liver metastasis indeed a valuable prognostic factor for survival. Conclusions Compared to patients with other metastatic sites, R/M NPC patients with liver metastasis have poor survival patterns when receiving anti-PD-L1 therapy. Our study provides rational evidence for the urgent need to explore more efficacy treatment modalities for NPC patients with liver metastasis.

Despite the widespread applications of aryl diazonium salts, capturing both aryl radicals and aryl diazo radicals simultaneously remains a significant challenge due to the extreme instability of the diazonium radicals. Herein, we report a mild and efficient electrochemical reduction approach employing aryl diazonium salts as dual synthons to synthesize valuable multi-substituted pyrazoles for the first time. Furthermore, this method demonstrates significant practical potential through the modification of pharmaceutical intermediates, and a two-step one-pot approach that utilizes anilines as starting materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Doping engineering of 2D layered molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) results in attractive catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER); however, it is limited by its unclear mechanisms. Herein, inspired by the Great Wall structure, this work reports 2D@2D hetero-layered MoS2/graphene nanosheets with rational modulation of W doping through the hydrothermal method. Results indicate that an optimal W doping of 12.5% in W0.125Mo0.875S2-G presents the highest catalytic activity, which delivers the lowest overpotential of 306 mV at 100 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 62.2 mV dec−1. Compared to W0.125Mo0.875S2, W0.125Mo0.875S2-G exhibits enhanced HER performance owing to the introduction of graphene. Theoretical calculation results indicate that the density of states (DOS) intensity near the Fermi level was enhanced with W doping, thus resulting in faster reaction kinetics. Our work provides new insights into the electrocatalytic mechanism of doping engineering of MoS2 for an efficient HER. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the first time, a Co and Fe bimetallic metal‐organic framework (BMOF) nanosheet array (NSA) employing 5,5′,5′'‐(1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6‐triyl)tris(azanediyl)triisophthalic acid (H6TDPAT) as the organic ligand is in situ controllably self‐assembled on iron foam (IF). The obtained IF@CoFe‐TDPAT NSA exhibits an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity much superior to most reported catalysts and even Ru and Ir‐based ones and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity higher than most metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐based catalysts. The excellent bifunctional activities are ascribed to the superhydrophilic (3D) vertically aligned, interconnected NSA of CoFe‐TDPAT MOF with in situ activated coordinatively unsaturated metal sites remarkably enhancing OH− and H2O adsorption, accelerating electron transfer and transport, and facilitating O2/H2 diffusion. When adopted as a bifunctional electrode for overall water splitting, it achieves 300 mA cm−2 at 1.753 V and exhibits negligible current decay after 100 h. This performance is the highest of recently reported noble‐metal‐free water electrolyzers, and even much higher than those using commercial noble metal‐based catalysts. This work offers an economical, facile, and controllable strategy to fabricate low‐cost, highly efficient, and bifunctional BMOF nanostructured array electrodes for large‐current‐density water splitting, and also sheds light on the mechanisms for in situ self‐assembly and outstanding OER and HER performance of 3D free‐standing complex‐organic‐ligand‐based BMOF nanoarchitectures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We present a case of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT) in the left ethmoid without any nasal symptoms in a 63-year-old woman. Initially diagnosed with postmenopausal osteoporosis, 2-year history of hypophosphatemia and a significantly higher uptake of Fluorine-18 (18F)-AlF-NOTA-octreotide (18F-OC) in the left ethmoid sinus, provided crucial information for accurate diagnosis. Methods: We presented a case with chart review and conducted review of the literature. Results: The patient endured 1-year history of weakness and bone pain but without any nasal symptoms before a tissue diagnosis was eventually reached. It is a challenging diagnosis to make-patients present with non-specific clinical symptoms and the culprit neoplasm is often tiny in size and difficult to detect. It emphasizes the importance of thorough patient history-taking and the whole-body functional imaging. Conclusions: Sinonasal PMTs are rare, and because of this most otolaryngologists are unfamiliar with its clinical presentation. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis to enable prompt intervention and reduce the burden of associated symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) has been proposed as a biomarker for assessing immune status and inflammation. There is currently no evidence regarding the effect of PIV on the risk of MASLD. This study aimed to investigate the association between PIV and MASLD. Methods: The cross-sectional study included 6462 adults aged ≥ 20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–2020. PIV was calculated based on blood count data. Weighted multivariable logistic regression was employed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to investigate the association of PIV and MASLD. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was conducted to explore the dose-response relationship between PIV and MASLD. Stratified and sensitivity analyses were performed to confirm the robustness of our findings. Results: Among 6462 participants, 2458 were diagnosed with MASLD. Positive associations between LnPIV and MASLD were observed in all three models (Model 1: OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.28–1.66, P < 0.001; Model 2: OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.24–1.60, P < 0.001; Model 3: OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.16–1.65, P = 0.004). When PIV was classified into quartiles, both Q3 and Q4 exhibited significantly increased risks of MASLD compared with the reference Q1 in full adjusted Model 3 (Q3: OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.20–2.22, P = 0.012; Q4: OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.28–2.41, P = 0.008; P for trend = 0.002). RCS analysis did not show a nonlinear relationship between LnPIV and MASLD (P = 0.093 for nonlinearity). Stratified analysis showed a consistent positive association between LnPIV and MASLD in all subgroups, and sensitivity analyses supported the reliability of these results. Conclusions: Higher PIV levels are significantly associated with an increased prevalence of MASLD, indicating that PIV is a potentially effective inflammatory marker for assessing MASLD in participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent advancements in wireless communication have markedly increased data throughput and decreased latency in progressing toward sixth‐generation (6G) networks, wherein the terahertz (THz) waveband offers significant potential. However, conventional THz sensors often suffer from high noise, low responsivity, and low spectrum efficiency, limiting their effectiveness for THz applications. Here, to address these challenges, a magnetic‐enhanced frequency‐selective is developed THz sensor by depositing an Au‐enhanced active layer of MoTe2 on a designed 3D printing high‐depth micro‐helical stepped structure. This sensor, featuring four characteristic frequency points and an effective area of 107.12 mm2, demonstrated noticeable improvements under a 0.145 mT magnetic field at 0.1 THz: optical responsivity improved by 413.23% (from 3.32 to 17.03 MV W−1), noise equivalent power decreased by 80.51% (from 49.16 to 9.58 pW Hz−1/2), and the detectivity reached 3.30 × 1010 cm·Hz1/2·W−1. This work highlights the potential of integrating 3D microstructures with novel topological materials for practical 6G communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exatecan is a potent topoisomerase I inhibitor. However, its clinical application is limited by its high toxicity and poor tumor targeting. In this study, a cathepsin B-sensitive fatty acid prodrug (C12-VC-PAB-Exa) with high albumin affinity was introduced and prepared into albumin nanoparticles with the aim of improving the safety of exatecan in blood circulation and accumulation at tumor sites. To assess the pharmacokinetic behavior of exatecan and its prodrug, a reliable, selective, and high-throughput HPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of exatecan and C12-VC-PAB-Exa in rat plasma was established and fully validated. The samples were prepared using one-step protein precipitation, and then separated on a ZORBAX SB-C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 3.5 μm) using the gradient elution procedure, and detected using a triple–quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer with a positive electrospray ionization interface in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Exatecan and C12-VC-PAB-Exa have excellent linear correlations over the concentration range of 0.5–2000 ng mL−1 and 5–20 000 ng mL−1 (r > 0.995), with lower limits of quantification of 0.5 ng mL−1 and 5 ng mL−1, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy were within ±15%. The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of exatecan solution and C12-VC-PAB-Exa nanoparticles in Sprague-Dawley rats for the first time. The results of the pharmacokinetics demonstrated that the nano-delivery system of the prodrug is a promising strategy to improve the physicochemical properties of exatecan. The analytical method could provide technical support for the subsequent in vivo studies of exatecan and its derivatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Evidence concerning the effect of cardiovascular health (CVH) on the risk of metabolic dysfunctional-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the association between CVH and MASLD. Methods: 5680 adults aged ≥ 20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-March 2020 were included. Life's essential 8 (LE8) was applied to assess CVH. Weighted binary logistic regression was employed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to investigate the association of CVH with MASLD. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was conducted to explore the dose-response association between LE8 and its subscales scores with MASLD. Results: Among 5680 participants, 724, 3901, and 1055 had low, moderate, and high CVH levels, respectively, with a MASLD diagnosis prevalence of 36.83%. In the fully adjusted logistic regression model, ORs for MASLD were 0.50 (95% CI, 0.37–0.69) for participants with moderate CVH and 0.21 (95% CI, 0.13–0.34) for those with high CVH, when compared to those with low CVH (P < 0.001 for trend). OR for MASLD was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.61–0.77) for each 10-point increase in LE8 score. RCS model demonstrated a non-linear dose-response relationship between LE8 score and health factors score with MASLD, while a linear relationship was found between health behaviors score and MASLD. Subgroup analysis showed a consistent negative correlation between LE8 score and MASLD, and sensitivity analysis validated the reliability of these findings. Conclusions: Higher LE8 score was associated with a lower risk of MASLD. Encouraging adherence to optimal CVH levels may help mitigate the burden of MASLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pressure–temperature‐coupling‐induced structural transition and thermal properties of Al3TM (TM = Ti, Zr, Hf) have been studied using the first‐principles calculations combined with the quasi‐harmonic approximation. The enthalpy indicates that Al3TM transitions to L12 structure at a specific pressure threshold (P=30+2.6×10−4T−1.1×10−6T2$P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;equals; 30 &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;plus; 2.6 \times \left(10\right)^{- 4} T - 1.1 \times \left(10\right)^{- 6} T^{2}$ for Al3Ti, P=29−5.5×10−4T−1.0×10−6T2$P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;equals; 29 - 5.5 \times \left(10\right)^{&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;hyphen; 4} T - 1.0 \times \left(10\right)^{- 6} T^{2}$ for Al3Zr, and P=47−1.2×10−3T−7.5×10−7T2$P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;equals; 47 - 1.2 \times \left(10\right)^{&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;hyphen; 3} T - 7.5 \times \left(10\right)^{- 7} T^{2}$ for Al3Hf). The fundamental thermodynamic parameters, including thermal equilibrium volume V0$V_{0}$, thermal expansion coefficient α, and heat capacity CP$C_{\text{P}}$, do not abruptly change due to the structural transition. Whereas many elastic properties, including elastic constants, shear modulus, and Young's modulus, exhibit abrupt variations. Such as, at P=30+2.6×10−4T−1.1×10−6T2$P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;equals; 30 &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;plus; 2.6 \times \left(10\right)^{- 4} T - 1.1 \times \left(10\right)^{- 6} T^{2}$ structural transition critical boundaries, V0=13+1.5×10−4T+1.5×10−7T2$V_{0} &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;equals; 13 &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;plus; 1.5 \times \left(10\right)^{- 4} T &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;plus; 1.5 \times \left(10\right)^{- 7} T^{2}$, α=2.2×10−5−2.5×10−5e−4.7×10−3T$\alpha &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;equals; 2.2 \times \left(10\right)^{- 5} - 2.5 \times \left(10\right)^{- 5} e^{- 4.7 \times \left(10\right)^{- 3} T}$, and Cp=102−119e−5.4×10−3T$C_{\text{p}} &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;equals; 102 - 119 e^{- 5.4 \times \left(10\right)^{- 3} T}$ for Al3Ti. V0$V_{0}$ shows that Al3TM is difficult to oppose hydrostatic pressure, and α indicates that Al3TM maintains strong stability under high pressure and its volume expansion is expected to be linear at high temperature. Furthermore, CP$C_{\text{P}}$ shows that the absorbing capacity or heat‐sinking capacity of Al3TM is strong at the low pressure and high temperature. The elastic properties exhibit an increasing trend with increasing pressure, whereas they exhibit a more or less decreasing trend with increasing temperature. Both numerical indicators and 3D images of the elastic anisotropy are derived, revealing that Al3TM possesses a high degree of anisotropy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundSequential or combined treatment with nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) and pegylated interferon alpha-2b (Peg-IFN-α-2b) can improve the clinical cure rate. However, its clinical application is limited due to the adverse reactions associated with IFN.MethodsA multi-center prospective observational study was conducted involving 59 NAs-treated chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who were treated with a combination therapy of NAs and Peg-IFN-α-2b for 48 weeks. Another 327 NAs-treated patients received NAs monotherapy for 48 weeks. At the end of the treatment, patients were classified into either the clinically cured group or the non-clinically cured group based on clinical efficacy. The study aimed to analyze the clinical cure rate and the predictive factors.ResultsAfter propensity score matching (PSM), a total of 104 patients were included in the exposure and the control groups. After 48 weeks of treatment, 13 patients in the exposed group achieved clinical cure, with a cure rate of 25%. In contrast, in the control group was 1.92%. The clinical cure rate was greater in the population with CHB or compensated cirrhosis treated with sequential or combined Peg-IFN-α-2b and NAs than in the control group (p

Research in psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) underscores the intricate connections within the "whole mind-body system." Personality plays a pivotal role, with specific traits linked to stress influencing neural behavior and psychophysiological disorders. Gene expression networks associated with personality affect neuronal plasticity, epigenetic processes, and adaptive behaviors, highlighting the importance of systems biology mechanisms. Systemic inflammation correlates with key personality traits. Understanding the roles of inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers in personality traits and disorders can help identify diagnostic and therapeutic targets for various diseases. Neurobiological features contribute to our understanding of personality disorders and related conditions. Personality traits are linked to distributed neuroendocrine networks, particularly the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, rather than localized brain areas. Correlations have also been identified between personality traits and thyroid hormones. Disrupted hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis functions may be associated with disease severity, depression, and distress, highlighting the need for comprehensive endocrinological and psychopathological evaluations. The gut-brain axis influences personality traits, emotions, stress, and social behaviors. Altered gut microbiota is common in psychiatric conditions, suggesting potential treatments targeting the microbiota. Chronic stress impacts cognitive functions and correlates with personality and mental health, emphasizing the need for comprehensive, multi-dimensional patient profiles for effective prevention and therapy. A biopsychosocial model integrating personality traits will advance personalized and systems medicine., (© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) advancements may revolutionize personalized medicine by identifying systemic biomarkers that enhance diagnosis and treatment. Inflammatory pathways connect personality traits with cognitive performance, aging-related disorders, and mortality risks. Studies have demonstrated the critical interactions between personality and various biological systems like the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The gut-brain axis also affects behaviors and psychological states in older adults, with specific gut microbiota influencing cognition, mood, and personality. These findings underscore the practical implications of understanding personality-biology interactions. They can support preventive and personalized medicine for aging-associated disorders. Specifically, personality changes are prevalent in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, impacting clinical management and caregiver stress. Non-cognitive factors, such as personality traits and psychiatric symptoms, may serve as early markers of AD. Traits like high Neuroticism and low Openness can predict initial AD stages, often before a formal diagnosis. Personality alterations in AD are also linked to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and vascular imaging biomarkers, which can track AD pathology and serve as predictors. Dynamic personality assessment can aid in timely diagnosis, monitoring progression, and evaluating treatments of AD. Understanding personality traits is crucial for predicting burnout, lifespan, and intervention success. Integrating personality and PNI biomarkers into patient profiles will support the development of personalized and systems medicine., (© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)