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In response to the development of the concepts of “carbon neutrality” and “carbon peak”, it is critical to developing materials with high near-infrared (NIR) solar reflectivity and high emissivity in the atmospheric transparency window (ATW; 8–13 μm) to advance zero energy consumption radiative cooling technology. To regulate emission and reflection properties, a series of high-entropy rare earth stannate ceramics (HE-RE2Sn2O7: (Y0.2La0.2Nd0.2Eu0.2Gd0.2)2Sn2O7, (Y0.2La0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2Lu0.2)2Sn2O7, and (Y0.2La0.2Gd0.2Yb0.2Lu0.2)2Sn2O7) with severe lattice distortion were prepared using a solid phase reaction followed by a pressureless sintering method for the first time. Lattice distortion is accomplished by introducing rare earth elements with different cation radii and mass. The as-synthesized HE-RE2Sn2O7 ceramics possess high ATW emissivity (91.38%–95.41%), high NIR solar reflectivity (92.74%–97.62%), low thermal conductivity (1.080–1.619 W·m−1·K−1), and excellent chemical stability. On the one hand, the lattice distortion intensifies the asymmetry of the structural unit to cause a notable alteration in the electric dipole moment, ultimately enlarging the ATW emissivity. On the other hand, by selecting difficult excitation elements, HE-RE2Sn2O7, which has a wide band gap (Eg), exhibits high NIR solar reflectivity. Hence, the multi-component design can effectively enhance radiative cooling ability of HE-RE2Sn2O7 and provide a novel strategy for developing radiative cooling materials.

Abstract Background Rhizosphere microorganisms are vital in plants’ growth and development and these beneficial microbes are recruited to the root-zone soil when experiencing various environmental stresses. However, the effect of white grub (Maladera verticalis) larvae feeding on the structure and function of rhizosphere microbial communities of aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.) is unclear. Results In this study, we compared physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and microbial communities using 18 samples under healthy and M. verticalis larvae-feeding aerobic rice rhizosphere soils at the Yunnan of China. 16 S rRNA and ITS amplicons were sequenced using Illumina high throughput sequencing. M. verticalis larvae feeding on aerobic rice can influence rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities, which also change rhizosphere microbial communities. The healthy and M. verticalis larvae-feeding aerobic rice rhizosphere soil microorganisms had distinct genus signatures, such as possible_genus_04 and Knoellia genera in healthy aerobic rice rhizosphere soils and norank_f__SC − I−84 and norank_f__Roseiflexaceae genera in M. verticalis larvae-feeding aerobic rice rhizosphere soils. The pathway of the metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides and carbohydrate metabolism in rhizosphere bacteria were significantly decreased after M. verticalis larvae feeding. Fungal parasite–wood saprotroph and fungal parasites were significantly decreased after M. verticalis larvae feeding, and plant pathogen–wood saprotroph and animal pathogen–undefined saprotroph were increased after larvae feeding. Additionally, the relative abundance of Bradyrhizobium and Talaromyces genera gradually increased with the elevation of the larvae density. Bacterial and fungal communities significantly correlated with soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities, respectively. Conclusions Based on the results we provide new insight for understanding the adaptation of aerobic rice to M. verticalis larvae feeding via regulating the rhizosphere environment, which would allow us to facilitate translation to more effective measures.

Abstract In coal mines, the effective extraction of relief gas and the prevention of dynamic disasters depend on accurate predictions of the spatial distribution of mining stress in the overlying rock. However, at present, the prediction of stress relief and concentration zones based on operational experience or empirical modeling differs significantly from actual measurements in the field. The fundamental problem is the difficulty in modeling the transfer mechanism of the mining overburden load under the influence of key strata. In this study, a mechanical model of the spatial distribution of the mining stress field based on the structure of overburden key strata was established. The model demonstrates that the key strata are the main bearing bodies of the overlying rock, both before and after the fracture, and the overburden rock load can be transferred to the coal and rock mass around the stope through the key strata in the fracture and bending subsidence zones, thus forming a mining stress field. Equations for calculating the plane distributions of mining stress under the key strata at different horizons and abutment pressures on the stope were established, and a spatial distribution prediction method for the mining stress field based on the overburden key strata structure was proposed. The study area was the Gaojiapu Coal Mine, where it was found that the key stratum of the 400.45 m thick Luohe Formation sandstone bore most of the overlying rock load and transferred the load to the coal and rock mass around the stope. This load distribution is the root cause of a high concentration and wide influence range of mining stresses, leading to serious deformation of the main roadway and frequent dynamic disasters. The mining stress concentration was maximized at a mining length of 1458 m × 1458 m.

Background: Acne inversa (AI) is a refractory inflammatory skin disease, and TNF-α plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AI. By blocking TNF-α, infliximab (IFX) has been proven to be a promising method. Objectives: To explore the underlying mechanisms of IFX treatment in AI patients. Methods: In this research, we integrated transcriptome sequencing data from the samples of our patients with AI and the GEO database. Ex vivo skin culture of AI patients was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of IFX treatment. Animal studies and cell experiments were used to explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of IFX treatment. Results: Both TNF-α and NLRP3 inflammasome-related pathways were enriched in skin lesions of AI patients and murine AI models. After IFX treatment, the NLRP3 inflammasome-related pathway was effectively blocked, and the IL-1β level was normalized in ex vivo AI skin explants and murine AI models. Mechanistically, IFX suppressed the NF-κB signaling pathway to lower the expression of NLRP3 and IL-1β in keratinocytes. Conclusions: IFX treatment alleviated skin lesions in murine AI models and downregulated NLRP3 and IL-1β expression levels by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway, which was helpful for understanding the mechanism of IFX therapy.

IntroductionAcute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a life-threatening medical condition that is frequently encountered and associated with significant incidence and mortality rates, posing a substantial threat to patients’ well-being and quality of life. Sepsis is prominent independent risk factor for the development of APE. Despite recent investigations indicating a reduced APE risk through statin therapy, its impact on patients with sepsis and APE remains unresolved.MethodsThe Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database was utilized to identify patients diagnosed with sepsis and APE, irrespective of statin treatment status, as part of this study. The primary study aim was to assess the risk of APE, which was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression models.ResultsThe study encompassed a total of 16,633 participants, with an average age of 64.8 ± 16.2 years. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that septic patients receiving statin therapy in the intensive care unit (ICU) exhibited a 33% reduction in the risk of developing APE (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.52–0.86, p

Magnesium (Mg) alloys have great potential as biodegradable materials for medical device. However, their susceptibility to corrosion poses a significant challenge for practical applications. In this study, the poly(trimethylene carbonate)-dimethacrylate (PTMC-dMA) was employed as a coating material for ZE21B magnesium alloys. Upon UV irradiation, the PTMC-dMA macromer undergoes cross-linking to form a uniform PTMC coating with a thickness of approximately 5 μm, effectively protecting the magnesium alloy. The corrosion resistance in simulated body fluid (SBF) was evaluated through immersion testing, which showed minimal hydrogen generation (0.16 mL/cm2) during the initial 24-h period and slight corrosion observed on the PTMC-coated magnesium alloy surface after continuous immersion for 21 days. The silane coupling agent significantly enhanced the adhesive performance between the polymer and alloy. Micro-scratch tests revealed adhesion forces of 3.79 N and 5.75 N for coatings without and with the silane agent, respectively. Electrochemical tests also demonstrated the efficacy of silane treatment, showing corrosion currents of 2.100 × 108 A/cm2 for silane-treated samples compared 6.263 × 107 A/cm2 for untreated ones. Given its exceptional tensile and protective properties, this coated material is ideal for intricate bioresorbable applications, like endovascular bioresorbable stents.

Introduction The classic way of diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa) is by conducting the 12-core systematic biopsy (SB). However, it has a low detection rate for clinically significant PCa (csPCa) and can lead to the detection of clinically insignificant PCa (cisPCa). Although MRI-transrectal ultrasound (MRI-TRUS) fusion targeted biopsy (TB) can effectively improve the detection rate of csPCa, it may still miss some cases. Therefore, we propose using a combination of TB and SB methods to enhance the detection rate of csPCa while minimising the detection rate of cisPCa.Methods and analysis This study is a prospective, single-centre investigation that aims to assess and compare the detection rate of csPCa using MRI-TRUS fusion TB combined with SB versus TRUS 12-core SB alone. Biopsy-naïve men with suspected PCa will be subjected to multiparametric MRI. Patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (V.2.1) score ≥3 will be enrolled in the TB-SB combination group. The sample size is established as 660 participants, considering a 10% drop-out rate. The primary outcome is the detection rate of csPCa in men without prior biopsy using MRI-TRUS fusion TB combined with the standard TRUS-guided 12-core SB method. CsPCa will be defined as International Society of Urological Pathology Grade ≥2.Ethics and dissemination This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee at the Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, an affiliated hospital of Tongji University School of Medicine. The research results will be published in a peer-reviewed international journal.Trial registration number ChiCTR2000036089.

Summary: Magnesium alloy is an excellent material for biodegradable cerebrovascular stents. However, the rapid degradation rate of magnesium alloy will make stent unstable. To improve the biocompatibility of magnesium alloy, in this study, biodegradable sodium alginate and carboxymethyl chitosan (SA/CMCS) was used to coat onto hydrothermally treated the surface of magnesium alloy by a dipping coating method. The results show that the SA/CMCS coating facilitates the growth, proliferation, and migration of endothelial cells and promotes neovascularization. Moreover, the SA/CMCS coating suppresses macrophage activation while promoting their transformation into M2 type macrophages. Overall, the SA/CMCS coating demonstrates positive effects on the safety and biocompatibility of magnesium alloy after implantation, and provide a promising therapy for the treatment of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis in the future.

Exopolysaccharides (EPSs), which are produced by lactic acid bacteria, have been found to improve the texture and functionality of fermented dairy products. In a previous study, four nitrogen sources were identified as affecting the yield, molecular weight and structure of EPSs produced by Streptococcus thermophilus IMAU20561 in M17 medium. In this genomic and transcriptomics study, a novel eps gene cluster responsible for assembly of repeating units of EPS is reported. This eps cluster (22.3 kb), consisting of 24 open reading frames, is located in the chromosomal DNA. To explore the biosynthetic mechanisms in EPS, we completed RNA-seq analysis of S. thermophilus IMAU20561 grown in four different nitrogen sources for 5 h (log phase) or 10 h (stationary phase). GO functional annotation showed that there was a significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in: amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism; ribonucleotide biosynthesis and metabolism; IMP biosynthesis and metabolism; and phosphorus metabolism. KEGG functional annotation also indicated enrichment of DEGs involved in amino acid biosynthesis, glycolysis, phosphotransferase system, fructose, and mannose metabolism. Our findings provide a better understanding the genetic traits of S. thermophilus, the biosynthetic pathways needed for the production of EPS, and a theoretical basis for screening dairy starter cultures.

This study examined the longitudinal relationships among self-concept clarity (SCC), hope, and subjective well-being (i.e., emotional well-being and cognitive well-being). Specifically, we tested both the between-person and within-person associations of SCC with subjective well-being among 2,001 Chinese adolescents (age range 11-24 years, 42.9% males) during the first year. In addition, we examined the longitudinal mediating role of hope. Results showed that SCC had positive correlations with hope and subjective well-being both at one time point and over time. Multilevel mediation analysis indicated that hope could serve as a mediator in the association between SCC and subjective well-being, at both the between-person and within-person levels. Moreover, the model of longitudinal multilevel mediation was found to be moderated by gender and age. Our results indicated that hope could be an underlying mechanism for the longitudinal relationship between SCC and subjective well-being among Chinese adolescents, which provides a potential intervention target for improving adolescents' well-being.

Objective To investigate the effect of resveratrol (RSV) in the treatment of peri-implantitis in a murine model and its effect on nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) signaling. Methods This study has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics. After extracting the right maxillary molars of 40 C57BL/6 mice and allowing them to heal naturally for 8 weeks, implants were implanted at the site of the first molar. The mice were randomly divided into a control group, a mouse peri implantitis model group, a low-dose group of 20 mg/kg resveratrol (RSV-L), and a high-dose group of 40 mg/kg resveratrol (RSV-H). After 4 weeks of implant implantation, a silk thread ligation induced peri implantitis model was established in all mice except for the control group. The model group received intervention with physiological saline by gavage, while the drug group received intervention with resveratrol by gavage for 6 consecutive weeks. After 6-week treatment, observe the swelling of the gums around the implant and measure the bone resorption around the mouse implant using micro CT. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in gingival crevicular fluid. HE staining was used to observe the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the surrounding tissues of mouse implants. Protein expression level and phosphorylation level of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), p-ERK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p-JNK, p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), p-p38MAPK, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), p-NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB inhibitory protein (IκΒα), p-IκBα in MAPKs/NF-κB signaling pathway were detected by Western blot (WB). Results Resveratrol group showed reduced tissue edema and decreased alveolar bone resorption. Among them, the high-dose resveratrol group had lighter tissue edema and weaker bone resorption compared to the low-dose group. The micro CT results showed that significant changes in the bone level around the implant were observed in the model group mice at four sites: proximal, distal, buccal, and palatal. High dose resveratrol intervention reduced alveolar bone resorption (PPP>0.05). The ELISA results showed that compared with the model group, the levels of TNF - α and IL-6 in the gingival crevicular fluid of mice in the low-dose and high-dose resveratrol groups were lower (PPPP