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Based on big data technology, this paper designs a digital management system for the whole process of financial reimbursement and gives the automatic transformation process of digitalization of financial reimbursement claims and accounting documents. In the K-Means algorithm, the AHC algorithm idea is introduced to construct the DH-K-Means clustering algorithm, which in turn enables the financial reimbursement behavioral portrait of enterprise employees to be constructed. To confirm the effectiveness of the system application in this paper, performance testing and portrait analysis were carried out. The results show that the maximum memory utilization of the database server is 50.42% when the number of concurrent users is 100, and the average response time of the system reaches a maximum of 825.63ms when the number of concurrent users is 200. Based on big data, the whole process of financial reporting digital management system has good stability, which can make enterprises more aware of their financial situation and then develop appropriate financial reimbursement strategies.

Lignin, as an abundant organic carbon, plays a vital role in the global carbon cycle. However, our understanding of the global lignin‐degrading microbiome remains elusive. The greatest barrier has been absence of a comprehensive and accurate functional gene database. Here, we first developed a curated functional gene database (LCdb) for metagenomic profiling of lignin degrading microbial consortia. Via the LCdb, we draw a clear picture describing the global biogeography of communities with lignin‐degrading potential. They exhibit clear niche differentiation at the levels of taxonomy and functional traits. The terrestrial microbiomes showed the highest diversity, yet the lowest correlations. In particular, there were few correlations between genes involved in aerobic and anaerobic degradation pathways, showing a clear functional redundancy property. In contrast, enhanced correlations, especially closer inter‐connections between anaerobic and aerobic groups, were observed in aquatic consortia in response to the lower diversity. Specifically, dypB and dypA, are widespread on Earth, indicating their essential roles in lignin depolymerization. Estuarine and marine consortia featured the laccase and mnsod genes, respectively. Notably, the roles of archaea in lignin degradation were revealed in marine ecosystems. Environmental factors strongly influenced functional traits, but weakly shaped taxonomic groups. Null mode analysis further verified that composition of functional traits was deterministic, while taxonomic composition was highly stochastic, demonstrating that the environment selects functional genes rather than taxonomic groups. Our study not only develops a useful tool to study lignin degrading microbial communities via metagenome sequencing but also advances our understanding of ecological traits of these global microbiomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on Hyland's (2018) interpersonal model of metadiscourse, this study explores MOOC video lecturers' use of metadiscourse and compares it to traditional university lecturers'. Disciplinary variation in metadiscourse in the MOOC video lectures has also been investigated. The MOOC corpus consists of sixteen MOOCs across three disciplinary areas, including Arts and Humanities, Engineering and Physical Sciences, and Social Sciences. The results suggest that despite slight differences, the most frequently appearing metadiscourse in the MOOC corpus resembles the patterns found in university lectures, which reveals the remarkable similarities in using metadiscourse between MOOCs and traditional face-to-face lectures. However, different instructional contexts and teacher-student relationships indeed contribute to the variance in the employment of metadiscourse. Overall, MOOC video lecturers employed more interactive metadiscourse but less interactional metadiscourse than university lecturers. Cross-disciplinarily, the use of metadiscourse in MOOC video lectures is considerably influenced by disciplinary features. MOOCs containing more discipline-specific content and requiring intensive cognitive effort tend to use more interactive metadiscourse and engagement markers; while for MOOCs that may include more perspectives than basic facts, boosters and attitude markers seem to be employed more frequently. Possible reasons and purposes of the differentiated use of metadiscourse across disciplines are discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] Since the Paleogene, with the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the large-scale thrust and strike-slip of the strata, many inland basins were formed in the northern part of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Be-cause of their particular location, the evolution of paleoclimate and paleo-vegetation in the basins is very significant for clarifying the climatic evolution in the Paleogene in Eurasia. [Methods] In this study, the evolution history of paleoclimate and paleo-vegetation in the Nangqian Basin in central and eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (51.8-37.5 Ma) was reconstructed from biomarkers and total organic carbon (TOC). [Results and Conclusions] The evolution history of Paleogene climate index in Nangqian Basin is in three stages, each with different changes of sedimentary facies. Stage I (51.8-46.4 Ma) : The sedimentary facies are mainly fluvial and short-term lacustrine, with lower CPI and TOC values and higher Paq values. ACL and nC27/nC3, show an obvious change trend in this period, which may have been affected by the mixing of terrestrial sediments brought by rivers. Most of the main peak carbon was nC22 and nC23; the vegetation type was predominantly woody plants, and the climate was relatively humid. Stage II (46.4-42.7 Ma): The Paq value and nC27/nC3, ratio gradually decreased, ACL gradually increased, the carbon number of the main peak gradually changed from low to medium or high, the vegetation gradually changed from woody to herbaceous plants, and the climate gradually became drought alternating with wet conditions. Stage III (42.7-37.5 Ma) : Paq, nC27/nC3, and ACL changed little, the carbon number of the main peak increased significantly, n-alkanes with high carbon numbers increased significantly, and drought conditions increased. TOC also significantly increased, reflecting increasing total vegetation productivity, which may have been a response to the warm Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO). In addition, from comparisons with previous reports of climate change in the study area and adjacent basins, it is considered that the climate change in the Nangqian Basin during 51.8-37.5 Ma was mainly affected by global climate change and the retreat of the Tethys Sea. The uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its higher elevation greatly influenced water vapor in the Nangqian Basin, whereas monsoons have little influence on water vapor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the existence of nontrivial solutions for a class of poly‐Laplacian nonlinear system with mixed nonlinearity term on a locally finite graph or a finite graph. By using the mountain pass theorem, we obtain some sufficient conditions about existence of a nontrivial solution. Our results are different from some known results even for the scalar equation on graph. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastrointestinal surgery using a stapler is usually associated with tissue damage, anastomosis leakage, bleeding, and other complications, which is one of the effective methods for treating digestive tract cancer. The cutting properties of staples and the tissue damage occurring in the process of stapling porcine esophageal and gastric tissues have been evaluated and a new type of stapler has been designed. Since different structural and mechanical properties esophageal and gastric tissues layers, the puncturing force exhibits a fluctuating trend. Compressive stress caused by the bending of the staple legs can lead to the destruction of the vascular network inside the tissue, tissue deforms and tears. Finally, a staple with an internal incision arc (IIA) tip is designed, which meeting the performance requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conspecific negative density dependence (CNDD) is an important mechanism for species coexistence and community dynamics. Phylogenetic negative density dependence (PNDD) and functional negative density dependence (FNDD) are extensions of CNDD, and many studies have shown that they have become powerful and reliable methods for exploring the mechanisms of species coexistence. However, most studies have focused on only one or two of these mechanisms and have not considered whether and how habitat variables affect the detection of these density dependences. To investigate the relative importance of these mechanisms, we set up three 0.09 ha dynamic plots at Cangshan Mountain in southwest China, and used generalized linear mixed models to analyze how the survival of 546 woody plant seedlings was affected by neighborhood density and habitat variables. Our results showed that heterospecific seedling density dependence and functional trait density dependence played key roles in seedling survival. Habitat factors, phylogenetic densities, and adult neighbors had no significant effect on seedling survival in the three plots. However, habitat filtering covered the detection of density dependence and functional trait density dependence. Our study demonstrates that failure to control for habitat variables may obscure the importance of density dependence and functional trait density dependence on seedling survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]