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2. Record High Temperatures in the Ocean in 2024

Author

Cheng, Lijing, Abraham, John, Trenberth, Kevin E., Reagan, James, Zhang, Huai-Min, Storto, Andrea, Von Schuckmann, Karina, Pan, Yuying, Zhu, Yujing, Mann, Michael E., Zhu, Jiang, Wang, Fan, Yu, Fujiang, Locarnini, Ricardo, Fasullo, John, Huang, Boyin, Graham, Garrett, Yin, Xungang, Gouretski, Viktor, Zheng, Fei, Li, Yuanlong, Zhang, Bin, Wan, Liying, Chen, Xingrong, Wang, Dakui, Feng, Licheng, Song, Xiangzhou, Liu, Yulong, Reseghetti, Franco, Simoncelli, Simona, Chen, Gengxin, Zhang, Rongwang, Mishonov, Alexey, Tan, Zhetao, Wei, Wangxu, Yuan, Huifeng, Li, Guancheng, Ren, Qiuping, Cao, Lijuan, Lu, Yayang, Du, Juan, Lyu, Kewei, Sulaiman, Albertus, Mayer, Michael, Wang, Huizan, Ma, Zhanhong, Bao, Senliang, Yan, Henqian, Liu, Zenghong, Yang, Chunxue, Liu, Xu, Hausfather, Zeke, Szekely, Tanguy, and Gues, Flora

Published
2025
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3. Core muscle strength and stability-oriented breathing training reduces inter-recti distance in postpartum women

Author

Chen Chao, Zhang Huai-ming, Shen Lei, He Hua-ping, Ma Zhen-yu, Zhu Yu-qin, Geng Zhao-hui, and Qin Yan-xia

Subjects
breathing training, core muscle strength, diastasis recti abdominis, inter-recti distance, postpartum women, Medicine
Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of stability-focused core muscle strength training coupled with respiratory techniques on diminishing the inter-recti distance (IRD) among postpartum women.

Published
2025
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10. First-principles prediction of intrinsic ferrovalley properties in Janus rare-earth PrXY (X ≠ Y = Cl, Br, I) monolayers.

Author

Zhang, Huai-Jin, Tian, Yuping, Jiang, Cui, Kong, Xiangru, and Gong, Wei-Jiang

Abstract

In this work, using first-principles calculations, we predict a promising class of two-dimensional ferromagnetic semiconductors, namely Janus PrXY (X ≠ Y = Cl, Br, I) monolayers. Through first-principles calculations, we found that PrXY monolayers have excellent dynamic and thermal stability, and their band structures, influenced by magnetic exchange and spin–orbital coupling, exhibit significant valley polarization. Between K and −K valleys, the Berry curvature values are opposite to each other, resulting in the anomalous valley Hall effect. In addition, applying moderate biaxial strain can further enhance their magnetic anisotropy energy and valley polarization. These findings do not only emphasize the importance of strain in regulating spin and valley characteristics, but also provide new possibilities for the application of ferromagnetic semiconducting materials in spintronic and valleytronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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11. Polarization-insensitive microwave power receiving composite array based on reflection phase gradient metasurfaces.

Author

Huang, Yi-Zhe, Yang, Qiang, Xiong, Han, and Zhang, Huai-Qing

Subjects
WIRELESS power transmission, OMNIDIRECTIONAL antennas, PLANE wavefronts, THEORY of wave motion, WAVE energy
Abstract

This paper presents a polarization-insensitive microwave power receiving composite metasurface array. The composite array consists of a reflection phase gradient metasurface array and a horizontal omnidirectional antenna, with a central operating frequency of 5.8 GHz. The reflection phase gradient metasurface array elements are insensitive to the polarization of the incident wave and are arranged radially around the array center. This configuration creates a radial reflection phase gradient that efficiently converts incident plane waves of different polarizations into surface waves converging toward the center. The surface wave energy is then extracted by the horizontal omnidirectional antenna and converted into direct current (DC) by a rectifier. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the composite array maintains effective surface wave excitation and propagation toward the center for both circularly polarized and various horizontally polarized plane waves, achieving a plane wave-to-surface wave conversion efficiency of 74.89%. Experimental validation shows that the proposed array achieves a maximum energy collection efficiency of 62.23% and an RF-DC conversion efficiency of 39.96% over a broad frequency range of 5.6–6.0 GHz. This study achieves polarization insensitivity while simultaneously enhancing the operational efficiency of microwave energy receivers. The results offer a valuable design reference for leveraging reflection phase gradient arrays in wireless power transfer applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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12. Construction and application of a stratified nursing intervention program for postoperative delirium after Stanford type A aortic dissection: a quasi-experimental trial.

Author

Li, Xueping, Zheng, Miaomiao, Lin, Ailin, Chen, Chaohong, Wu, Yuanbo, Zhang, Huai, and Yin, Zhiqin

Subjects
NURSING care plans, MEDICAL care, NURSING education, PATIENT satisfaction, PUBLIC health nursing, GUARDIAN & ward, NURSING interventions
Abstract

Background: Postoperative delirium is a common and significant consequence in patients with type A aortic dissection following surgery; however, there is currently no effective postoperative care plan. Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate the practical implementation of a stratified nursing intervention program for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing surgery for Stanford type A aortic dissection. Methods: A stratified nursing intervention program for postoperative delirium was created using a literature review, group discussions, and the Delphi method via expert mail inquiry. A quasi-experimental design was used, with patients admitted to the general ward of a tertiary hospital in Wenzhou, China, functioning as subjects. From September to December 2022, 43 patients were included in the control group and given standard treatment. From January to June 2023, 37 patients were recruited in the intervention group, receiving both routine care and the intervention plan. The intervention's effects were compared in the two groups. Results: The intervention group had considerably shorter delirium and hospital stays than the control group (P < 0.05), as well as higher patient satisfaction levels. There were no inadvertent extubations in the intervention group. When the incidence and beginning time of delirium in the general ward were compared, there were no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Implementing this nurse intervention in the ward context can shorten postoperative delirium and hospital stays, increase patient satisfaction with care, and improve patient prognosis and quality of life. This intervention will also serve as a great resource for future clinical management of postoperative delirium. Trial registration: The National Health Security Information Platform's Medical Research Registration Information System has registered this study under the registration number MR-33–22-022978. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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13. Use of shell colour to infer colour and carotenoid content of the hepatopancreas of the giant river prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae).

Author

Liu, Junhui, Lu, Qifeng, Zhang, Huai, Wei, Yong, Lin, Li, and Li, Qingqing

Subjects
MACROBRACHIUM rosenbergii, MACROBRACHIUM, CHROMATOPHORES, ERYTHROCYTES, MARKET prices, ASTAXANTHIN
Abstract

Copyright of Crustaceana is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2025
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16. Microwave Hyperthermia Technology Based on Near‐Field Focused Metasurfaces: Design and Implementation.

Author

Xiong, Han, Xie, Jin‐Yun, Liu, Yu‐Jie, Wang, Ben‐Xin, Xiao, Dong‐Ping, and Zhang, Huai‐Qing

Subjects
BREWSTER'S angle, TISSUES, MICROWAVES, HIGH temperatures, PORK
Abstract

This paper presents a near‐field focused metasurface design method for microwave hyperthermia. Utilizing full‐wave electromagnetic simulation, a novel dual‐layer metasurface unit with the following characteristics is developed: transmission efficiency higher than −1 dB, adjustable transmission phase from 0° to 360°, and insensitivity to the polarization and incident angle of the incoming wave. Leveraging phase compensation theory, the units at different positions in the array to achieve near‐field focusing functionality is meticulously designed. To further optimize transmission efficiency, the transmission phase of the central unit of the metasurface to 76° is tuned. When applying this near‐field focused metasurface to microwave hyperthermia, the electromagnetic and thermal effects in biological tissues is conducted simulations and experiments to analyzed. The results demonstrate that the proposed metasurface can effectively focus microwave energy, achieving efficient microwave transmission in pork tissue and generating localized high temperatures in the target area. This research introduces new design concepts and implementation strategies for the development of microwave hyperthermia technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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17. “Fatty” or “steatotic”: Position statement from a linguistic perspective by the Chinese-speaking community

Author

Miao, Lei, Ye, Shu-Mian, Fan, Jian-Gao, Seto, Wai-Kay, Yu, Hon Ho, Yu, Ming-Lung, Kao, Jia-Horng, Boon-Bee Goh, George, Young, Dan Yock, Wong, Yu Jun, Chan, Wah-Kheong, Yang, Wah, Jia, Jidong, Lau, George, Wei, Lai, Shi, Junping, Zhang, Huijie, Bi, Yan, Pik-Shan Kong, Alice, Pan, Calvin Q., Zheng, Ming-Hua, Liang, Huiqing, Yang, Ling, Li, Xinhua, Zeng, Qing-Lei, Gao, Rong, Hu, Songhao, Yan, Bi, Jin, Xiaozhi, Li, Gang, Chen, En-Qiang, Hu, Dandan, Fan, Xiaotang, Hu, Peng, Chang, Xiangrong, Jin, Yihui, Cai, Yijing, Chen, Liangmiao, Wen, Qianjun, Sun, Jian, Xu, Hexiang, Li, Junfeng, Yang, Yongping, Huang, Ang, Zhang, Dongmei, Tan, Lin, Li, Dongdong, Zhu, Yueyong, Cai, Chenxi, Gu, Xuemei, Shen, Jilong, Zhong, Jianhong, Li, Lu, Li, Zhenzhen, Ma, Chiye, Liu, Yaming, Zhang, Yimin, Zhao, Lei, Han, Juqiang, Chen, Tao, Zhang, Qiang, Yang, Song, Zhang, Le, Chen, Lanlan, Feng, Gong, Wang, Qixia, Hao, Kunyan, Lu, Qinghua, Mao, Yimin, Zhong, Yandan, Wang, Ningjian, Xin, Yongning, Yu, Yongtao, Qi, Xingshun, Wang, Ke, He, Yingli, Du, Mulong, Zou, Zhengsheng, Xia, Mingfeng, Zhao, Suxian, Zhao, Jingjie, Xie, Wen, Zhang, Yao, Ji, Mao, Richeng, Du, Qingwei, Chen, Haitao, Song, Yongfeng, Wang, Cunchuan, Lu, Yan, Song, Yu, Zhang, Chi, Shi, Li, Mak, Lungyi, Chen, Li, Xu, Liang, Yuan, Hai-Yang, Hong, Liang, Hai, Li, Wu, Xiaoning, Yang, Naibin, Li, Jing-Wei, Jiejin, Zou, Zhuolin, Zheng, Wen, Zhao, Jian, Zhang, Xiang, Huang, Chen-Xiao, Yao, Ying, Yuan, Bao-Hong, Huang, Shanshan, Min, Lian, Chai, Jin, Hong, Wandong, Miao, Kai-Wen, Xiao, Tie, Chen, Shun-Ping, Ye, Feng, Song, Yuhu, Zhang, Jinshun, Zhou, Xiao-Dong, Wang, Mingwei, Dai, Kai, Lou, Jianjun, Duan, Xu, Yu, Hongyan, Jin, Xi, Fu, Liyun, Zhang, Yanliang, Ye, Junzhao, Liu, Feng, Chen, Qin-Fen, Zhou, Yong-Hai, Duan, Xiaohua, Zhang, Qun, Zhang, Faming, Cao, Zhujun, Li, Yingxu, Sun, Dan-Qin, Hu, Ai-Rong, Liu, Fenghua, Chen, Yuanwen, Zhang, Dianbao, Gao, Feng, Ye, Hua, Rao, Huiying, Luo, Kaizhong, Dai, Zhijuan, Wang, Chia-Chi, Tang, Shanhong, Hua, Jing, Deng, Cunliang, Zhou, Ling, Fan, Yu-Chen, Wu, Mingyue, Lu, Hongyan, Zhang, Xiaoxun, Zhang, Huai, Ni, Yan, Kei Ng, Stephen Ka, Li, Chunming, Liu, Chang, Zhang, Xia, Shi, Yu, Yan, Hongmei, Xu, Jinghang, Zhou, Yu-Jie, Cheng, Yuan, Bai, Honglian, Hu, Xiang, Gao, Yufeng, Lin, Biaoyang, Gu, Guangxiang, Chen, Jin, Hu, Xiaoli, Yuan, Xiwei, Wang, Jie, Chen, Qiang, Yiling, Li, Zhu, Xiao Jia, Chen, Xu, Zhu, Yongfen, Liu, Xiaolin, Wang, Bing, Cai, Mingyan, Chen, Enguang, Chen, Jun, Chen, Jingshe, Deng, Hong, Chen, Xiaoxin, Chen, Yingxiao, Cheng, Xinran, Chen, Fei, Ding, Yang, Dong, Zhixia, Ding, Yanhua, Qingxian, Cai, Deng, Zerun, Cai, Tingchen, Chen, Yaxi, Chen, Zhongwei, Chen, Xing, Huang, Jiaofeng, Huang, Mingxing, Fu, Lei, Jin, Jianhong, Geng, Bin, Chen, Yu, Chen, Ruicong, Jin, Weimin, Li, Dongliang, Jin, Xianghong, Li, Jian-Jun, Zhang, Jie, Matsiyit, Alimjan, Wang, Guiqi, Gao, Tian, Zhang, Shu, Yan, Wenmao, Liu, Jie, Chen, Peng, Hu, Hao, Li, Ming, Yuan, Ping Ge, Chen, Yi, Dong, Zhiyong, Li, Xiaopeng, Lin, Su, Li, Jie, Li Ang, Xujing, Liu, Xin, Liu, Shousheng, Li, Min-Dian, Qian, Hui, Qi, Minghua, Peng, Liang, Luo, Fei, Dang, Shuangsuo, Mao, Xianhua, Sheng, Qiyue, Lyu, Jiaojian, Liu, Chenghai, Qi, Kemin, Ma, Honglei, Lu, Zhonghua, Pan, Qiong, Miao, Qing, Li, Xiaosong, Lin, Huapeng, Shui, Guanghou, Qu, Shen, Fei, Wang, Liu, Chang-Hai, Xia, Fan, Wang, Dan, Pan, Ziyan, Hu, Fangzheng, Xu, Long, Xiong, Qing-Fang, Yang, Rui-Xu, Wang, Qi, Chen, Ligang, W Ang, Danny, Ren, Wanhua, Tong, Xiaofei, You, Ningning, Xing, Yanqing, Sun, Chao, Yu, Zhuo, Shuangxu, Xu, Honghai, Sun, Yi, Zhang, Taotao, Wu, Wei, Zhang, Yingmei, Ye, Qing, Zhang, Zhongheng, Yan, Jie, Zhou, Bengjie, Liu, Weiqiang, Li, Yongguo, Zhao, Lili, Lei, Siyi, Zhu, Guangqi, Ouyang, Huang, Zhou, Yaoyao, Yin, Jianhui, Xia, Yongsheng, He, Qiancheng, Zhang, Xiaoyong, Yang, Qiao, Yao, Libin, Pan, Xiazhen, Wang, Xiaodong, Li, Yangyang, Zhu, Shenghao, Zhao, Xinyan, Chen, Sui-Dan, Zhu, Jiansheng, Zeng, Jing, Tang, Liangjie, Hu, Kunpeng, Yang, Wanshui, Huang, Bingyuan, Zhuang, Chengle, Xun, Yunhao, Zhou, Jianghua, Xu, Wenjing, Wu, Bian, Zhang, Xuewu, He, Yong, Mei, Zubing, Xia, Zefeng, Lu, Bin Feng, Li, Qiang, Li, Jia, Yan, Xuebing, Wen, Zhengrong, Liu, Wenyue, Xu, Dongsheng, Chen, Huiting, Wang, Jing, Song, Juan, Peng, Jie, Chen, Jionghuang, Li, Shuchen, Zheng, Yongping, Zhi-Zhi, Xing, Tang, Jieting, Liu, Chuan, Chen, Chao, Guicheng, Wu, Ye, Quanzhong, Ka, Li, Zhou, Yuping, Jia, Xiaoli, Zou, Ziyuan, Zu, Fuqiang, Cai, Yongqian, Chen, Yunzhi, Chu, Jinguo, Yan, Bing, Wang, Tie, Pan, Qiuwei, Xie, Lingling, Zeng, Xufen, Liu, Bingrong, Su, Minghua, Mu, Yibing, Zeng, Menghua, Guo, Yuntong, Yang, Yongfeng, Zhang, Xiaoguan, Wu, Shike, Pan, Jin-Shui, Cao, Li, Feng, Wenhuan, Yubin, Yang, Wang, Na, Lu, Xiaolan, Lu, Guanhua, Xiong, Jianbo, Zhuang, Jianbin, Shi, Guojun, Zhu, Yanfei, Ying, Xing, Qiao, Zengpei, Zhang, Rui, Li, Yuting, Lei, Yuanli, Xixi, Wu, Tian, Na, Lian, Liyou, Zhang, Binbin, Xiaozhu, Huang, Yan, Chen, Wenying, Liu, Kun, Zhang, Ruinan, Lai, Qintao, Wang, Fudi, Wen, Caiyun, Zhang, Xinlei, Wu, Lili, Liang, Yaqin, Jie, You, Xinzhejin, Zeng, Qiqiang, Zhu, Qiang, Chao, Zheng, Shou, Lan, Jin, Wei-Lin, Ye, Chenhui, Han, Yu, Xie, Gangqiao, Zhao, Jing, Ye, Chunyan, Wang, Hua, Song, Lintao, Feng, Juan, Huang, Yubei, Su, Wen, Bai, Juli, Wong, Vincent, Wang, Huifeng, Ming, Wai-Kit, Yu, Yue-Cheng, Jin, Yan, Zhao, Yan, Gao, Lilian, Liangwang, Chen, Hanbin, Ruifangwang, Tang, Yuhan, Chen, Gang, Liu, Dabin, Cai, Xiaobo, Xue, Feng, Yang, Qinhe, Sun, Guangyong, Zhu, Chunxia, Huang, Zhifeng, Zhou, Hongwen, Xiao, Xiao, Hou, Xin, He, Jie, Ji, Dong, Xiao, Huanming, Chi, Xiaoling, Zou, Huaibin, Shi, Yiwen, Fan, Xingliang, Hu, Xiaoyu, Huang, Zhouqin, Cao, Haixia, Jiang, Jingjing, Zhao, Qiang, Chen, Wei, Li, Shi Bo, Zhang, Fan, Chen, Zhiyun, Liu, Jinfeng, Li, Shibo, Liu, Jing, Li, Li, Li, Ruyu, Kun, Ya, Xiao, ErHui, Wang, Tingyao, Wang, Chunjiong, Aili, Aikebaier, Liu, Xiaoxia, Ding, Ran, Zhu, Chonggui, Zeng, Xin, Wu, Miao, Li, Zhen, Yang, Tao, Qin, Yunfei, Sun, Lihua, Xu, Ying, Fu, Xianghui, Li, Yongyin, and Ye, Shumian

Published
2025
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18. Using Water Level Responses to Atmospheric Pressure Variations to Measure and Monitor Vertical Leakage Through Confining Units, With Application to the Jurassic Shaximiao Crust, China

Author

Zhang, Yan, Yang, Qiu‐Ye, Manga, Michael, Fu, Li‐Yun, Zhang, Huai, Chu, Bingfei, Chen, Gaoxiang, Huang, Tianming, Han, Tongcheng, and Qi, Shengwen

Abstract

The upper few hundreds of meters of the crust often hosts leaky aquifers. Quantifying leakage is important if those aquifers are used as a water resource. The responses of water level to external forcing such as tides and barometric pressure changes offer the opportunity to measure aquifer hydrogeological properties and monitor possible changes in those properties. Around the Huayingshan faults adjacent to Sichuan and Chongqing provinces, China, inclined fold‐and‐thrust belts form the crust, and frequent earthquakes might impact aquifers in the shallow crust that are used for drinking water. We introduce a new computational approach for continuous modeling of water level changes in response to barometric pressure variations to identify when the signals are reliable and then determine values of aquifer transmissivity and aquitard hydraulic diffusivity. Computed aquifer transmissivity agrees with values from well tests. We obtain horizontal and vertical hydraulic parameters for more than 10 years (from 2008 to 2019). Of the six wells studied, five have aquitard vertical hydraulic diffusivities at least two orders of magnitude greater than aquifer horizontal transmissivity. Although several regional and teleseismic earthquakes caused changes in water levels in one of the wells with relatively low vertical permeability, we do not see clear changes in hydraulic properties in response to the earthquakes. We also identify small long‐term trends and seasonal variations in hydrogeological properties. Surface water and shallow groundwater can infiltrate into deeper aquifers used to supply water. Quantifying this leakage is important for assessing the risk of contamination and managing water resources. One way to measure leakage and to monitor how it might change over time, is to record how variations in atmospheric pressure caused by weather modify water levels in wells. Pressure variations at the surface affect pressure at depth and lead to groundwater flow. By monitoring water level changes, it is thus possible to determine properties of the subsurface and leakage from aquifers. We apply this approach to a set of wells in China in a groundwater system that provides water to >20 million people. We find that reliable estimates of subsurface properties can be obtained from atmospheric pressure variations over time periods greater than about one day. Over the 10‐year period we study, we also find no significant changes in subsurface properties. Continuous hydraulic properties obtained from barometric response of water level with improved calculation methodVertical leakage found in Jurassic Shaximiao shallow crust, aquifer properties from on‐site pumping tests match barometric calculationsChuan‐Yu shallow groundwater susceptible to contamination from surface sources Continuous hydraulic properties obtained from barometric response of water level with improved calculation method Vertical leakage found in Jurassic Shaximiao shallow crust, aquifer properties from on‐site pumping tests match barometric calculations Chuan‐Yu shallow groundwater susceptible to contamination from surface sources

Published
2025
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19. Safety and Efficacy of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients With Intravenous Thrombolysis: The SERIC-IVT Trial

Author

Guo, Zhen-Ni, Abuduxukuer, Reziya, Zhang, Peng, Qu, Yang, Wang, Li-Juan, Zhao, Jun-Feng, Ju, Dong-Sheng, Wang, Jun-Min, Jin, Hui-Min, Wang, Wei-Wei, Teng, Rui-Hong, Gao, Jian-Hua, Yuan, Zhi-Mei, Gao, Hui-Fang, Jiang, Yong-Fei, Li, Zhi-Dan, He, Ying, Jiang, Li-Gang, Li, Li, Hu, Xue-Feng, Jiang, Chun-Li, Wang, Rui, Qi, Ying-Bin, Xin, Hong, Jia, Yan, Yu, Hong, Jin, Hang, Chen, Hui-Sheng, Wang, Duo-Lao, Nguyen, Thanh N., Yang, Yi, Zhang, Feng-Jiao, Zhang, Huai-Mei, Liu, Jia-Cheng, Ren, Jia-Xin, Zhang, Ke-Jia, He, Qian-Yan, Lei, Shuang-Yin, Wang, Si-Ji, Yin, Wen-Jing, Yan, Xiu-Li, Sun, Ye, Shen, Zi-Duo, Wang, Jin-Qi, Wang, Ting, Pan, De-Wang, Tan, Shuang-Xu, Zhang, Xian-Kun, Zheng, Yang, Li, Yu, Li, Zhi-Guo, Han, Ce, Li, Chun-Ying, Yao, Jing, Teng, Fei-Yue, Liang, He, Yang, Hong-Yu, Gao, Jian, Wang, Jin-Cheng, Tang, Jing, Chen, Jin-Hua, Zhao, Li-Li, Zhang, Miao, Wang, Wei-Jia, Liu, An-Ran, Lv, Dian-Ping, Zhao, Feng-Lan, Gu, Ji-Liang, Li, Yang, Liu, Nan, Zhao, Qi, Li, Shi-Wei, Wang, Shu-Guo, Cui, Yan, Wang, Chun-Fei, Chen, Hai-Nan, Zhang, Lu-Ping, Zou, Xue-Xia, Pei, Zhong-Rui, Yang, Li-Chong, Chen, Yu-Mei, Liu, Bing-Hua, Zou, Guang-Chen, Ju, Hui-Lian, Yu, Jing-Yao, Xiao, Jin-Xin, Sui, Juan, Li, Kun, Xia, Li, Jiang, Mei-Mei, Sun, Na, Li, Shan, Li, Si-Long, Ding, Xian-Qin, Yang, Chun-Yu, Li, Dan, Li, Guang-Cai, Wu, Lei, He, Li-Li, Chen, Li-Ping, Chang, Ming, Li, Tao, Gou, Wei, Liu, Xiao-Nan, Cheng, Xiao-Ying, Wang, Ya-Li, Ba, Yun-Fei, Liu, Li, Zhang, Bai-Jing, Dong, Chen-Peng, Xu, Han, Li, Hao, Li, Jin-Feng, Xu, Jing, Liu, Liang, Sun, Li-Ming, Zhang, Li-Ying, Sun, Qi-Dong, Liu, Xue, Dong, Yang, Chen, Zhi-Bo, Shi, Zhuang-Hong, Wang, An-Ying, Guo, Li-Jie, Liu, Ming, Gu, Yan-Qiu, Wang, Yu, Ma, Chun-Yan, Xue, Jing, Liu, Liang-Yan, Pang, Meng, Li, Song, Zhang, Xin, Zhang, Xun-Juan, Song, Yang-Yang, Zhang, Yu, Wang, Cui, Xu, Dan, Yang, Dong-Xue, Liu, Fang-Fang, Li, Fu-Jin, Sun, Jie-Hong, Niu, Li-Ming, He, Ling, Liu, Li-Yan, Yu, Shuang, Sun, Si-Yin, Shi, Tian-Ji, Zhang, Wen-Bo, Ma, Wen-Juan, Song, Wen-Tong, Liu, Xiu-Ping, Jia, Yan, Li, Ying-Kui, Yang, Qiu, Zhang, Wei, Su, Wen-Shuai, Li, Xin, Yang, Yang, Cai, Ying-Chao, and Liu, Yu-Ting

Published
2025
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20. Strong precursor softening in cubic CaSiO 3 perovskite.

Author

Zhang C, Yang JY, Sun T, Zhang H, and Brodholt JP

Abstract

CaSiO[Formula: see text] perovskite (CaPv) is the last major mineral in the Earth's lower mantle whose elasticity remains largely unresolved. Here, we investigate the elasticity of CaPv using ab initio machine-learning force fields (MLFF). At room temperature, the elasticity of tetragonal CaPv determined by MLFF molecular dynamics (MD) agrees well with experimental measurements after considering temperature induced variations in the hydrostatic structure, proving the effectiveness of the method. We use the MLFF MD in the [Formula: see text] ensemble to establish the tetragonal-cubic phase boundary and confirm that in the lower mantle CaPv is in the cubic phase. The elasticity of cubic CaPv shows distinct temperature dependence at different ranges: it is linear at high temperatures, whereas it exhibits anomalous precursor softening near the tetragonal-cubic phase boundary. The temperature interval of precursor softening widens as the pressure increases and overlaps with the temperature profile of subducted cold slabs near the core-mantle boundary. While cubic CaPv is seismically invisible along the average mantle geotherm, it may induce low-velocity zones with negative temperature anomaly, leading to the view that the large low shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs) may be caused by subducted oceanic crust rich in CaPv with temperature lower than ambient mantle. A cool, rigid LLSVP may help explain the preferential formation of mantle plumes at its margins, as well as its weaker seismic anisotropy., Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest.

Published
2025
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