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The COVID‐19 pandemic and associated societal upheavals further aggravated pre‐existing vulnerabilities of the international student population. In this article, an online mindfulness‐based group intervention—mindfulness‐based well‐being group for international students is described. A practical guide to planning, implementing, and evaluating the MBWIS group is outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A prerequisite for the development or optimization of heterogeneous catalysts is a comprehensive understanding of the reaction mechanism and kinetics at the level as elementary as possible. In comparison with steady‐state catalytic tests typically used for this purpose, non‐steady‐state (transient) studies provide deeper insights due to higher time resolution. For several decades, temporal analysis of products (TAP) and steady‐state isotopic transient kinetic analysis (SSITKA) have been successfully applied to the analysis of various heterogeneous reactions. In this review, we highlight the contributions made by TAP and SSITKA studies between 2017 and 2023 to the understanding of reaction mechanisms and to the derivation of microkinetics. The versatility of these methods is illustrated by the examples of oxidative coupling of methane, CO/CO2 hydrogenation to hydrocarbons or methanol, metathesis of ethylene with 2‐butenes to propene, acrolein oxidation to acrylic acid, methanol conversion to olefins and non‐oxidative propane dehydrogenation to propene. We also provide our personal views on possible developments in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the rapid development of artificial intelligence has enabled the launch of many new screening tools. This review aims to facilitate screening tool selection through a systematic narrative review and feature analysis. The current adoption rate of transparent tool reporting is low: by screening 191 studies published in the Review of Educational Research since 2015, we found that only eight studies reported screening tools. More research is needed to understand the reasons behind this phenomenon. After consulting various sources, 26 available screening tools in the market were found. Among them, we identified and evaluated 12 screening tools for educational reviewers and ranked them in descending order of feature score: Covidence (1), DistillerSR (2, tied), EPPI-Reviewer (2, tied), CADIMA (4), Swift-Active (5), Rayyan (6, tied), SysRev (6, tied), Abstrackr (8, tied), ReLiS (8, tied), RevMan (8, tied), ASReview (11), and Excel (12). In the discussion, we provide insights into the promise and bias in tools' machine learning algorithms. Our results encourage researchers to report their tool usage in publications and select tools based on suitability instead of convenience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultrabroadband and polarization‐sensitive imaging are essential for pioneering advancements in intelligent technology, offering a pivotal pathway to multidimensional information extraction. However, the dearth of appropriate photosensitive semiconductors in the infrared region and the lack of suitably efficient device architecture for the separation and collection of photocarriers significantly impede the development of ultra‐broadband and polarization‐sensitive photodetectors. To address these challenges, a sandwiched Ta2NiSe5/MoTe2/Graphene heterostructure device is engineered. In this device, efficient and polarization‐sensitive photocarriers are generated in the top Ta2NiSe5 layer, rapidly separated through the middle MoTe2 layer, and effectively collected by the bottom graphene layer. As a result, the developed photodetector exhibits an ultra‐broadband and polarization‐sensitive photoresponse that extends from visible light (520 nm) to short‐wave infrared (2200 nm). At 2200 nm, the device displays a notable responsivity of 5.79 A W−1, a specific detectivity of 1010 Jones, and an anisotropic ratio of 1.44. Furthermore, this device successfully demonstrates high‐resolution ultra‐broadband and polarized light imaging capabilities. This study thus presents an intriguing blueprint for the development of advanced 2D imaging platforms for future‐generation intelligent systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the relationship between perceived discrimination and psychological distress among international students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 188 international students from two large U.S. universities participated in the study. Perceived discrimination, psychological distress, and demographic information were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. COVID-related variables and perceived discrimination were significantly associated with international students' psychological distress. Their COVID-related anxiety mediated the relationship between perceived discrimination and psychological distress. Initiatives to mitigate the perceived discrimination experienced by international students may improve their mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the cutting-edge applications of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in total-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning technology and its profound impact on the field of medical imaging. The introduction of total-body PET/CT scanners marked a major breakthrough in medical imaging, as their superior sensitivity and ultralong axial fields of view allowed for high-quality PET images of the entire body to be obtained in a single scan, greatly enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of diagnoses. However, this advancement is accompanied by the challenges of increasing data volumes and data complexity levels, which pose severe challenges for traditional image processing and analysis methods. Given the excellent ability of AI technology to process massive and high-dimensional data, the combination of AI technology and ultrasensitive PET/CT can be considered a complementary match, opening a new path for rapidly improving the efficiency of the PET-based medical diagnosis process. Recently, AI technology has demonstrated extraordinary potential in several key areas related to total-body PET/CT, including radiation dose reductions, dynamic parametric imaging refinements, quantitative analysis accuracy improvements, and significant image quality enhancements. The accelerated adoption of AI in clinical practice is of particular interest and is directly driven by the rapid progress made by AI technologies in terms of interpretability; i.e., the decision-making processes of algorithms and models have become more transparent and understandable. In the future, we believe that AI technology will fundamentally reshape the use of PET/CT, not only playing a more critical role in clinical diagnoses but also facilitating the customization and implementation of personalized healthcare solutions, providing patients with safer, more accurate, and more efficient healthcare experiences., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective . Approximately 57% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients face a 20% risk of brain metastases (BMs). The delivery of drugs to the central nervous system is challenging because of the blood-brain barrier, leading to a relatively poor prognosis for patients with BMs. Therefore, early detection and treatment of BMs are highly important for improving patient prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of a multimodal radiomics-based method using 3D neural networks trained on 18 F-FDG PET/CT images to predict BMs in NSCLC patients. Approach . We included 226 NSCLC patients who underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT scans of areas, including the lung and brain, prior to EGFR-TKI therapy. Moreover, clinical data (age, sex, stage, etc) were collected and analyzed. Shallow lung features and deep lung-brain features were extracted using PyRadiomics and 3D neural networks, respectively. A support vector machine (SVM) was used to predict BMs. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and F1 score were used to assess BM prediction performance. Main result . The combination of shallow lung and shallow-deep lung-brain features demonstrated superior predictive performance (AUC = 0.96 ± 0.01). Shallow-deep lung-brain features exhibited strong significance (P < 0.001) and potential predictive performance (coefficient > 0.8). Moreover, BM prediction by age was significant (P < 0.05). Significance . Our approach enables the quantitative assessment of medical images and a deeper understanding of both superficial and deep tumor characteristics. This noninvasive method has the potential to identify BM-related features with statistical significance, thereby aiding in the development of targeted treatment plans for NSCLC patients., (© 2024 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.)

Background: Lymph node retrieval deficiency can lead to understagement and postoperative cancer recurrence, it is crucial to establish the standard number of retrieved lymph nodes (rLNs) and negative lymph nodes (nLNs) for patients undergoing gastrectomy., Methods: Patients who has gastric adenocarcinoma and underwent either radical subtotal gastrectomy (RSG) or radical total gastrectomy (RTG) between 2000 and 2022 were retrospectively included. The authors utilized restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis to determine the ideal threshold for rLNs and nLNs. Survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves, log-rank tests and forest plots. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to balance parameters between two groups. The median follow-up time for this study was 3095 days., Results: Our study found that there are significant tumor characteristic differences between RSG and RTG. For patients with N0-N3a stage undergoing RSG, retrieving greater than or equal to 24 lymph nodes intraoperatively were associated with better prognosis both before and after PSM [overall survival (OS): P <0.001, P =0.019]; whereas for N3b stage, at least 32 rLNs were required (OS: P =0.006, P =0.023). Similarly, for patients with N0-N3a stage undergoing RTG, retrieving greater than or equal to 27 lymph nodes intraoperatively were associated with better prognosis both before and after PSM (OS: P <0.001, P =0.047); whereas for N3b stage, at least 34 rLNs were required (OS: P <0.001, P =0.003). Additionally, for patients undergoing RSG, having greater than or equal to 21 nLNs (OS: P <0.001, P =0.013), and for those undergoing RTG, having greater than or equal to 22 nLNs (OS: P <0.001, P <0.001), were also associated with better prognosis both before and after PSM., Conclusions: For patients receiving RSG, rLNs should reach 24 when lymph nodes are limited, and 32 when lymph node metastasis is more extensive, with a minimum number of nLNs ideally reaching 21. Similarly, for patients receiving RTG, rLNs should reach 27 when lymph nodes are limited, 34 when lymph node metastasis is more extensive, and a minimum number of nLNs ideally reaching 22., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Two-dimensional van der Waals (2D vdW) heterostructure photodetectors have garnered significant attention for their potential applications in next-generation optoelectronic systems. However, current 2D vdW photodetectors inevitably encounter compromises between responsivity, detectivity, and response time due to the absence of multilevel regulation for free and photoexcited carriers, thereby restricting their widespread applications. To address this challenge, we propose an efficient 2D WS 2 /CuInP 2 S 6 vdW heterostructure photodetector by combining band engineering and ferroelectric modulation. In this device, the asymmetric conduction and valence band offsets effectively block the majority carriers (free electrons), while photoexcited holes are efficiently tunneled and rapidly collected by the bottom electrode. Additionally, the ferroelectric CuInP 2 S 6 layer generates polarization states that reconfigure the built-in electric field, reducing dark current and facilitating the separation of photocarriers. Moreover, photoelectrons are trapped during long-distance lateral transport, resulting in a high photoconductivity gain. Consequently, the device achieves an impressive responsivity of 88 A W -1 , an outstanding specific detectivity of 3.4 × 10 13 Jones, and a fast response time of 37.6/371.3 μs. Moreover, the capability of high-resolution imaging under various wavelengths and fast optical communication has been successfully demonstrated using this device, highlighting its promising application prospects in future optoelectronic systems.