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This research aimed to establish an analytical method for the quantification of 10-deacetylbaccatin Ⅲ (10-DAB Ⅲ) and Taxol in Taxus yunnanensis. The method of matrix solid phase dispersion coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (MSPD-HPLC) was used for the respective quantification of 10-DAB Ⅲ and Taxol of T. yunnanensis. The influences of various parameters were investigated, including 12 types of solid-phase dispersants (silica gel, florisil, acid alumina, neutral alumina, alkaline alumina, C18, C18-ME, C18-G1, C18-HC, Diol, Xamide, Xion), the mass of the dispersants, and the type, concentration, and volume of the eluent on the analysis of the two components. After optimization of these conditions, the methodology was validated. Additionally, a comparative analysis was conducted with the conventional ultrasonic extraction and hot reflux extraction pretreatment methods to ascertain their effectiveness of our novel method. The results were as follows: (1) Among the 12 solid-phase dispersants examined, alkaline alumina yielded a superior extraction detection rate for 10-DAB Ⅲ and Taxol when used in a 3∶1 ratio with the sample mass and 6 mL of methanol as the eluent. (2) The developed 10-DAB Ⅲ and Taxol analysis method in T. yunnanensis demonstrated that excellent linearity (r≥0.999 9) with limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for 10-DAB Ⅲ and Taxol ranging from 0.023 9 to 0.030 1 μg·mL-1 and from 0.142 to 0.178 μg·mL-1, respectively. The average recoveries of the target analytes varied between 93.6% and 109.0%. (3) A comparative analysis revealed that negligible differences in extraction detection of the two taxanes between the three methods. However, the MSPD method stood out due to its lower solvent consumption, simple operation, short analysis time and high purification efficiency, making it more suitable for the rapid analysis of T. yunnanensis raw materials. Therefore, this study presents a rapid and efficient analytical method for the extraction and analysis of 10-DAB Ⅲ and Taxol in T. yunnanensis, using alkaline alumina as a dispersant, providing a significant contribution to the quantitative analysis of taxanes in this species.

Objective To assess the role of the ferroptosis-associated gene GLS2 in the prognosis of pan-cancer and immunity using bioinformatics methods. Methods GLS2 expression levels in pan-cancer were profiled using publicly available databases: The Cancer Genome Atlas, GTEx, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and the International Cancer Genome Consortium. The aim was to explore the role of GLS2 gene expression, gene variation survival analysis, immune infiltration, immune checkpoint related genes, TMB, and MSI in different tumors. Results Difference in GLS2 expression levels between cancer and paraneoplastic tissues was statistically significant in most cancer types, and the expression level was correlated with survival in these cancer types. A positive correlation was found between GLS2 expression and immune cell infiltration in multiple cancer types, and GLS2 expression level was positively correlated with TMB, MSI, and methylation, and its expression is an indicator for potential therapeutic response. Conclusion Pan-cancer analysis shows that the ferroptosis-related gene GLS2 can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of clear cell carcinoma of kidney, adrenocortical carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and pancreatic cancer.

Using single loss type media as microwave absorbers to simultaneously achieve low reflection loss, wide-band absorption and thin thickness is a huge challenge. In this work, to combine the high dielectric loss of Pr-doped M-type strontium ferrite and the high magnetic loss of W-type hexaferrites, we improved the traditional sol–gel auto-combustion method via increasing an extra sintering process and successfully prepared xSrPr0.5Fe11.5O19/yBaCo2Pr0.5Fe15.5O27 (x : y = 2 : 1, 1.5 : 1, 1 : 1, 1 : 1.5 and 1 : 2) M/W (M-type hexaferrite/W-type hexaferrite) composite materials with a unique "inlay structure". The M-phase and PrFeO3-type phase were partially wrapped by the huge W-phase, which resulted in enhanced exchange coupling. Benefitting from the exchange coupling and huge grains, the coercivity and anisotropy fields of composite hexaferrites decreased. Therefore, the natural resonance frequencies of some samples reduced to within 18.00 GHz. High magnetic loss occurs while dielectric loss is preserved due to strong resonance interaction and multiple polarization relaxation mechanisms. Hence, the composite hexaferrites exhibit satisfactory microwave absorption performance on account of the magnetic–dielectric synergistic effect. The effective absorption bandwidth of the prepared materials can cover X and Ku bands at thin matching thicknesses (<2.00 mm). The minimum reflection loss reaches −56.30 dB (d = 1.97 mm), and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth reaches 8.17 GHz (d = 1.63 mm). This work will provide new ideas for improving the absorption performance of ferrite composite materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Near‐infrared (NIR) phosphor‐converted light–emitting diodes (pc‐LEDs) are increasingly used in night vision, surveillance, and biomedicine. A major challenge is to identify a phosphor that efficiently converts blue light into wideband NIR emission. In this paper, a rare‐earth divalent europium (Eu2+)‐activated halogen oxide (Sr3GeO4Cl2) phosphor is unlocked via a high‐temperature solid‐state reaction. The Sr3GeO4Cl2:Eu2+ phosphor emits a wide spectrum (500–950 nm) with a peak at 700 nm when excited by 450 nm blue light. Extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis reveals that the NIR emission primarily originates from Eu2+ ions, and the Eu─O bond length closely resembles the Sr─O bond length. Lattice engineering, specifically Ge/Si cation substitution, increased Eu2+ incorporation into the crystal lattice, boosting luminescence intensity by 75%–122% and quantum efficiency from 15% to 26%. This is related to the combined effect of reduced non‐radiative energy transfer and changes in the local lattice structure of Eu2+. A NIR pc‐LED device using the optimized phosphor showed a photoelectric efficiency of 16.5% and an optical output of 25.07 mW at 100 mA. This study not only explores new Eu2+‐activated NIR phosphors but also highlights the importance of crystal engineering to enhance luminescence properties, guiding future research for efficient NIR pc‐LED development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Children with medical complexity experienced health disparities during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Language may compound these disparities since people speaking languages other than English (LOE) also experienced worse COVID-19 outcomes. Our objective was to investigate associations between household language for children with medical complexity and caregiver COVID-19 vaccine intentions, testing knowledge, and trusted sources of information. Methods: This cross-sectional survey of caregivers of children with medical complexity ages 5 to 17 years was conducted from April-June 2022. Children with medical complexity had at least 1 Complex Chronic Condition. Households were considered LOE if they reported speaking any language other than English. Multivariable logistic regression examined associations between LOE and COVID-19 vaccine intentions, interpretation of COVID-19 test results, and trusted sources of information. Results: We included 1,338 caregivers of children with medical complexity (49% response rate), of which 133 (10%) had household LOE (31 total languages, 58% being Spanish). There was no association between household LOE and caregiver COVID-19 vaccine intentions. Caregivers in households with LOE had similar interpretations of positive COVID-19 test results, but significantly different interpretations of negative results. Odds of interpreting a negative test as expected (meaning the child does not have COVID-19 now or can still get the virus from others) were lower in LOE households (aOR [95% CI]: 0.56 [0.34–0.95]). Households with LOE were more likely to report trusting the US government to provide COVID-19 information (aOR [95% CI]: 1.86 [1.24–2.81]). Conclusion: Differences in COVID-19 test interpretations based on household language for children with medical complexity were observed and could contribute to disparities in outcomes. Opportunities for more inclusive public health messaging likely exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mixed-level designs are widely used in various experiments. This paper considers how to construct minimum aberration 4 1 2 n mixed-level designs. Based on finite projective geometry, secondary complementary set is defined as part of the design which plays a crucial role in constructing the optimal designs. Then, algebraic connection between the wordlength pattern of a 4 1 2 n design and that of its secondary complementary set is established. According to the connection, some general rules for identifying type 0 minimum aberration 4 1 2 n mixed-level designs are proposed via their secondary complementary sets. Those rules can help construct minimum aberration 4 1 2 n designs conveniently when the secondary complementary set contains fewer elements than the complementary set. The type 0 minimum aberration 4 1 2 n designs with large n are tabulated via secondary complementary sets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integration of the human papillomavirus (HPV) genome into the cellular genome is a key event that leads to constitutive expression of viral oncoprotein E6/E7 and drives the progression of cervical cancer. However, HPV integration patterns differ on a case‐by‐case basis among related malignancies. Next‐generation sequencing technologies still face challenges for interrogating HPV integration sites. In this study, utilizing Nanopore long‐read sequencing, we identified 452 and 108 potential integration sites from the cervical cancer cell lines (CaSki and HeLa) and five tissue samples, respectively. Based on long Nanopore chimeric reads, we were able to analyze the methylation status of the HPV long control region (LCR), which controls oncogene E6/E7 expression, and to identify transcriptionally‐active integrants among the numerous integrants. As a proof of concept, we identified an active HPV integrant in between RUNX2 and CLIC5 on chromosome 6 in the CaSki cell line, which was supported by ATAC‐seq, H3K27Ac ChIP‐seq, and RNA‐seq analysis. Knockout of the active HPV integrant, by the CRISPR/Cas9 system, dramatically crippled cell proliferation and induced cell senescence. In conclusion, identifying transcriptionally‐active HPV integrants with Nanopore sequencing can provide viable targets for gene therapy against HPV‐associated cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare risk of problematic internet use (PIU) and importance of digital media interactions for transgender and cisgender adolescents. Methods: A nationally representative group of adolescents took an online survey that included a measure of PIU (Problematic and Risky Internet Use Screening Scale-3 [PRIUSS-3]) and technology interactions (Adolescent Digital Technology Interactions and Importance scale). We compared mean scores for these scales and their subscales and rates of positive screens for PIU for transgender and cisgender adolescents. Results: Of 4575 adolescents participating, 53 (1.2%) were transgender, nonbinary, and gender-diverse (TNG) adolescents. TNG adolescents had higher PRIUSS-3 scores and higher mean scores for importance of technology to explore identity/go outside their offline environment. Conclusions: TNG adolescents report higher PIU risk, which may relate to differences in technology importance for this group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) can realize the resource conversion of CO2, which is a promising approach to carbon resource use. Important advancements have been made in exploring the CO2RR performance and mechanism because of the rational design of electrolyzer systems, such as H-cells, flow cells, and catalysts. Considering the future development direction of this technology and large-scale application needs, membrane electrode assembly (MEA) systems can improve energy use efficiency and achieve large-scale CO2 conversion, which is considered the most promising technology for industrial applications. This review will concentrate on the research progress and present situation of the MEA component structure. This paper begins with the composition and construction of a gas diffusion electrode. Then, the application of ion-exchange membranes in MEA is introduced. Furthermore, the effects of pH and the anion and cation of the anolyte on MEA performance are explored. Additionally, we present the anode reaction type in MEA. Finally, the challenges in this field are summarized, and upcoming trends are projected. This review should offer researchers a clearer picture of MEA systems and provide important, timely, and valuable insights into rational electrolyzer design to facilitate further development of CO2 electrochemical reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of the combination of letrozole and recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) to improve the predicted adult height (PAH) and final adult height (FAH) of Chinese short pubertal boys. In total, 171 Chinese short pubertal boys were recruited for this study. 96 of them received letrozole (2.5 mg/d) combined with rhGH (33.3–66.6 μg/kg.d), and the others received rhGH alone. Follow-up visits were conducted at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months or regularly after the first treatment. During each visit, plasma samples were collected for clinical tests and biomedical analyses, all of which were performed according to standard protocols. This study was registered at www.chictr.org.cn under ID number ChiCTR1900026142. After receiving treatment for at least 3 months, 68 boys (91 %) in the rhGH therapy group and 90 (94 %) in the letrozole combined with rhGH (letrozole+rhGH) therapy group achieved an increase in PAH, with the latter treatment leading to a more effective slowing of bone age (BA) advancement. Moreover, the increased PAH showed a significant positive correlation with treatment time in both groups, and letrozole+rhGH increased the PAH to a greater degree than rhGH alone (p=0.0023). And letrozole+rhGH not only slowed the increase in BA more efficiently than rhGH therapy alone (p=0.0025), but also achieved a higher FAH (p=0.0078). Letrozole combined with rhGH treatment is a promising therapy to increase the PAH and FAH of Chinese short pubertal boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Recently, chloride channel CLIC‐like 1 (CLCC1) was reported to be a novel ALS‐related gene. We aimed to screen CLCC1 variants in our ALS cohort and further explore the genotype–phenotype correlation of CLCC1‐related ALS. Methods: We screened rare damaging variants in CLCC1 from our cohorts of 1005 ALS patients and 1224 healthy controls with whole‐exome sequencing in Central South China. Fisher's exact test was conducted for association analysis at the entire gene level and single variant level. Results: In total, four heterozygous missense variants in CLCC1 were identified from four unrelated sporadic ALS patients and predicted to be putative pathogenic by in silico tools and protein model prediction, accounting for 0.40% of all patients (4/1005). The four variants were c.A275C (p.Q92P), c.G1139A (p.R380K), c.C1244T (p.T415M), and c.G1328A (p.R443Q), respectively, which had not been reported in ALS patients previously. Three of four variants were located in exon 10. Patients harboring CLCC1 variants seemed to share a group of similar clinical features, including earlier age at onset, rapid progression, spinal onset, and vulnerable cognitive status. Statistically, we did not find CLCC1 to be associated with the risk of ALS at the entire gene level or single variant level. Conclusion: Our findings further expanded the genetic and clinical spectrum of CLCC1‐related ALS and provided more genetic evidence for anion channel involvement in the pathogenesis of ALS, but further investigations are needed to verify our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]