21 results on '"Zhao, Shengguo"'
Search Results
2. Enrichment of milk antioxidant activity by dietary supplementation of red clover isoflavone in cows and its improvement on mice intestinal health
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Zhang, Xiaoyin, Xiong, Zhanbo, Zhang, Shiqi, Li, Kexin, Bu, Ying, Zheng, Nan, Zhao, Shengguo, and Wang, Jiaqi
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- 2024
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3. Ratio-fluorescence detection of tert-butylhydroquinone based on non-conjugated polymer dots and gold nanoclusters
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Peng, Bo, He, Xueyan, Wang, Chunjuan, Du, Fengxiang, Zhou, Min, Zhao, Shengguo, and Fang, Yanjun
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- 2024
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4. Effect of red clover isoflavones on hormone, immune, inflammatory, and plasma biochemistry in lactating dairy cows
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Zhang, Shiqi, Zhang, Xiaoyin, Xiong, Zhanbo, Li, Kexin, Gao, Yuan, Bu, Ying, Zheng, Nan, Zhao, Shengguo, and Wang, Jiaqi
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- 2024
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5. Unveiling the Influence of Copy Number Variations on Genetic Diversity and Adaptive Evolution in China’s Native Pig Breeds via Whole-Genome Resequencing
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Yuan, Haonan, primary, Wei, Wenjing, additional, Zhang, Yue, additional, Li, Changwen, additional, Zhao, Shengguo, additional, Chao, Zhe, additional, Xia, Changyou, additional, Quan, Jinqiang, additional, and Gao, Caixia, additional
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- 2024
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6. Relationships among bacterial cell size, diversity, and taxonomy in rumen
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Liu, Sijia, primary, Zheng, Nan, additional, Wang, Jiaqi, additional, and Zhao, Shengguo, additional
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- 2024
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7. Metagenomics-Metabolomics Exploration of Three-Way-Crossbreeding Effects on Rumen to Provide Basis for Crossbreeding Improvement of Sheep Microbiome and Metabolome of Sheep.
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Wang, Haibo, Zhan, Jinshun, Jiang, Haoyun, Jia, Haobin, Pan, Yue, Zhong, Xiaojun, Huo, Junhong, and Zhao, Shengguo
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SUCCINIC acid ,BIRTH weight ,MICROBIAL communities ,CROSSBREEDING ,METABOLITES - Abstract
Simple Summary: Rumen microorganisms and their hosts have co-evolved over a long period of time, adapting to their environment. This co-evolution not only impacts the host phenotype but also establishes a sophisticated regulatory network with the host to uphold organismal homeostasis. This study's findings indicated that the process of three-way hybridization had a notable impact on the taxonomic characteristics, functions, and metabolites of rumen microbes. Moreover, significant interactions were observed between rumen microbes and metabolites in sheep, with biomarkers playing a significant role in influencing the variation in rumen metabolites. Meanwhile, rumen microbial markers in Hu sheep exhibited a predominantly positive correlation with down-regulated metabolites and a negative correlation with up-regulated metabolites. In contrast, rumen microbial markers in CAH lambs showed an overall negative correlation with down-regulated metabolites and a positive correlation with up-regulated metabolites. The data obtained in this study provide a basis for understanding hybridization advantages from microbial metabolic pathways. The objective of this experiment was to explore the effects of three-way hybridization on rumen microbes and metabolites in sheep using rumen metagenomics and metabolomics. Healthy Hu and CAH (Charolais × Australian White × Hu) male lambs of similar birth weight and age were selected for short-term fattening after intensive weaning to collect rumen fluid for sequencing. Rumen metagenomics diversity showed that Hu and CAH sheep were significantly segregated at the species, KEGG-enzyme, and CAZy-family levels. Moreover, the CAH significantly increased the ACE and Chao1 indices. Further, correlation analysis of the abundance of the top 80 revealed that the microorganisms were interrelated at the species, KEGG-enzyme, and CAZy-family levels. Overall, the microbiome significantly affected metabolites of the top five pathways, with the strongest correlation found with succinic acid. Meanwhile, species-level microbial markers significantly affected rumen differential metabolites. In addition, rumen microbial markers in Hu sheep were overall positively correlated with down-regulated metabolites and negatively correlated with up-regulated metabolites. In contrast, rumen microbial markers in CAH lambs were overall negatively correlated with down-regulated metabolites and positively correlated with up-regulated metabolites. These results suggest that three-way crossbreeding significantly affects rumen microbial community and metabolite composition, and that significant interactions exist between rumen microbes and metabolites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Genetic characterization of Tibetan pigs adapted to high altitude under natural selection based on a large whole-genome dataset.
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Zhang, Lingyun, Zhu, Yanbin, Ren, Yue, Xu, Linna, Liu, Xuanbo, Qi, Xuebin, Jiao, Ting, Sun, Guangming, Han, Haiyu, Zhang, Jian, Sun, Fengbo, Yang, Yanan, and Zhao, Shengguo
- Abstract
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a valuable genetic resource pool, and the high-altitude adaptation of Tibetan pigs is a classic example of the adaptive evolution of domestic animals. Here, we report the presence of Darwinian positive selection signatures in Tibetan pigs (TBPs) using 348 genome-wide datasets (127 whole-genome sequence datasets (WGSs) and 221 whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip datasets). We characterized a high-confidence list of genetic signatures related response to high-altitude adaptation in Tibetan pigs, including 4,598 candidate SNPs and 131 candidate genes. Functional annotation and enrichment analysis revealed that 131 candidate genes are related to multiple systems and organs in Tibetan pigs. Notably, eight of the top ten novel genes, RALB, NBEA, LIFR, CLEC17A, PRIM2, CDH7, GK5 and FAM83B, were highlighted and associated with improved adaptive heart functions in Tibetan pigs high-altitude adaptation. Moreover, genome-wide association analysis revealed that 29 SNPs were involved in 13 candidate genes associated with at least one adaptive trait. In particular, among the top ten candidate genes, CLEC17A is related to a reduction in hemoglobin (HGB) in Tibetan pigs. Overall, our study provides a robust SNP/gene list involving genetic adaptation for Tibetan pig high-altitude adaptation, and it will be a valuable resource for future Tibetan pig studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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9. Multi-omics revealed rumen microbiota metabolism and host immune regulation in Tibetan sheep of different ages
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Sha, Yuzhu, primary, Liu, Xiu, additional, He, Yanyu, additional, Zhao, Shengguo, additional, Hu, Jiang, additional, Wang, Jiqing, additional, Li, Wenhao, additional, Shao, Pengyang, additional, Wang, Fanxiong, additional, Chen, Xiaowei, additional, Yang, Wenxin, additional, and Xie, Zhuanhui, additional
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- 2024
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10. Identification of the genetic characteristics of copy number variations in experimental specific pathogen-free ducks using whole-genome resequencing
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Li, Lanlan, primary, Quan, Jinqiang, additional, Liu, Hongyi, additional, Yu, Haibo, additional, Chen, Hongyan, additional, Xia, Changyou, additional, Zhao, Shengguo, additional, and Gao, Caixia, additional
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- 2024
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11. Adiporon Drives Tibetan Pig Adipocyte Thermogenesis Through Adipor2-Ampk Pathway
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Liu, Siqi, primary, Gao, Caixia, additional, Yang, Zhen, additional, Yang, Yanan, additional, Xu, Hongwei, additional, Xu, Linna, additional, Liu, Xuanbo, additional, Cai, Yuan, additional, Zhao, Shengguo, additional, and Yuan, Gao, additional
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- 2024
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12. Effects of Red Clover Isoflavone on Lactational Performance, Milk Quality and Nitrogen Metabolism in Dairy Cows
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Xiong, Zhanbo, primary, Zhang, Xiaoyin, additional, Zhang, Shiqi, additional, Li, Kexin, additional, Gao, Yuan, additional, Bu, Ying, additional, Zheng, Nan, additional, Zhao, Shengguo, additional, and Wang, Jiaqi, additional
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- 2024
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13. Strontium Supplementation in Dairy Diets: Assessing Milk Quality, Rumen Functionality, and Physiological Outcomes in Lactating Cows
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Qi, Yingjie, primary, Yang, Jiyong, additional, Si, Boxue, additional, Pan, Junyu, additional, Li, Ning, additional, Wu, Xufang, additional, Zhao, Shengguo, additional, Zheng, Nan, additional, and Zhang, Yangdong, additional
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- 2024
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14. Relationship between Rumen Microbial Differences and Phenotype Traits among Hu Sheep and Crossbred Offspring Sheep.
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Wang, Haibo, Zhan, Jinshun, Jia, Haobin, Jiang, Haoyun, Pan, Yue, Zhong, Xiaojun, Zhao, Shengguo, and Huo, Junhong
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DIGESTIVE enzymes ,RUMEN fermentation ,MICROBIAL metabolism ,GENE regulatory networks ,SHEEP ,AMINO acid metabolism ,MOLARITY ,VALERIC acid - Abstract
Simple Summary: Simple Summary: The rumen is the most important digestive organ of ruminants, and its rich microbial co−evolved with the host to play a crucial role in immunomodulation, defense, digestive metabolism, animal productivity, and meat quality control. It also forms a complex regulatory network with host genes and phenotypes that are involved in maintaining organismal homeostasis. In this study, we compared the differences in rumen microorganisms between crossbred progeny of sheep and Hu sheep, identified key biomarkers, and analyzed their relationship with rumen function. The results showed that microbial diversity was significantly higher in crossbred progeny, which was able to alter the microbial community structure to regulate rumen fermentation, promote carbon homeostasis, and enhance amino acid metabolism. In addition, there were significant correlations between biomarkers and key traits. Therefore, we suggest that there is a link between sheep rumen microbes and differential traits in crossbred progeny, which provides new insights for sheep trait improvement. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of three–way hybrid sheep and Hu sheep on serum indicators, rumen fermentation, rumen enzyme activity, and microorganisms in sheep. Healthy and similar birth weights from three groups (Hu, n = 11; Charolais × Australian White × Hu, CAH, n = 11; Charolais × Dorper × Hu, CDH, n = 11) were selected to be fed by the ewes until 45 days of age. Subsequently, they were weaned intensively and underwent short–term fattening for 3 months along with selected male lambs fed intensively. During this period, they were fed and watered ad libitum. Blood and rumen fluid were collected and analyzed for serum indicators and rumen fluid microorganisms, enzyme activity, and VFA, respectively, at the end of the fattening period. Compared with Hu lamb, the offspring of the three–way hybrid lamb showed significant improvements in body weight, serum lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine content. However, there was no significant effect on serum immunity and antioxidant indices. In addition, the rumen fluid volatile fatty acid (VFA) molar concentration and microcrystalline cellulose and lipase content were significantly lower in the three–way hybrid lamb compared to Hu lamb, but β–glucosidase, amylase, pepsin, and VFA molar ratio were not significantly affected. Subsequently, 16S rRNA sequencing diversity analysis revealed that three–way hybrid lamb significantly increased rumen microbial ACE and Chao1 indices compared to Hu lamb. Meanwhile, the abundance of Verrucomicrobiota and Synergistota significantly increased at the phylum level. Correlation analysis showed that Prevotella had the highest proportion, while Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group correlated most closely with others genus. The microbial communities isovaleric acid molar concentration and proportion were strongly correlated. In addition, there were significant differences in correlations between microbial communities and isobutyric acid, butyric acid and valeric acid content, and their molar proportion, but they were not significantly correlated with digestive enzymes. From the functional enrichment analysis, it was found that hybrid progeny were mainly enriched in the pyruvate metabolism, microbial metabolism in diverse environments, carbon metabolism, and quorum sensing pathways. In contrast, the Hu sheep were primarily enriched in the cysteine and methionine, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolite pathways. These results suggest that hybridization can play a role in regulating organismal metabolism and improve animal production performance by influencing the structure and characteristics of microbial communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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15. Epiberberine: a potential rumen microbial urease inhibitor to reduce ammonia release screened by targeting UreG.
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Zhang, Xiaoyin, Xiong, Zhanbo, He, Yue, Zheng, Nan, Zhao, Shengguo, and Wang, Jiaqi
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BERBERINE ,UREASE ,AMINO acid residues ,NITROGEN excretion ,AMMONIA ,PROTOBERBERINE - Abstract
Rumen microbial urease inhibitors have been proposed for regulating nitrogen emission and improving nitrogen utilization efficiency in ruminant livestock industry. However, studies on plant-derived natural inhibitors of rumen microbial urease are limited. Urease accessory protein UreG, plays a crucial role in facilitating urease maturation, is a new target for design of urease inhibitor. The objective of this study was to select the potential effective inhibitor of rumen microbial urease from major protoberberine alkaloids in Rhizoma Coptidis by targeting UreG. Our results showed that berberine chloride and epiberberine exerted superior inhibition potential than other alkaloids based on GTPase activity study of UreG. Berberine chloride inhibition of UreG was mixed type, while inhibition kinetics type of epiberberine was uncompetitive. Furthermore, epiberberine was found to be more effective than berberine chloride in inhibiting the combination of nickel towards UreG and inducing changes in the second structure of UreG. Molecular modeling provided the rational structural basis for the higher inhibition potential of epiberberine, amino acid residues in G1 motif and G3 motif of UreG formed interactions with D ring of berberine chloride, while interacted with A ring and D ring of epiberberine. We further demonstrated the efficacy of epiberberine in the ruminal microbial fermentation with low ammonia release and urea degradation. In conclusion, our study clearly indicates that epiberberine is a promising candidate as a safe and effective inhibitor of rumen microbial urease and provides an optimal strategy and suitable feed additive for regulating nitrogen excretion in ruminants in the future. Key points: • Epiberberine is the most effective inhibitor of rumen urease from Rhizoma Coptidis. • Urease accessory protein UreG is an effective target for design of urease inhibitor. • Epiberberine may be used as natural feed additive to reducing NH
3 release in ruminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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16. Effects of Isochlorogenic Acid on Ewes Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity and Ewes Immunity of Different Physiological Stages.
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Li, Shuyan, Li, Xiongxiong, Sha, Yuzhu, Qi, Shuai, Zhang, Xia, Wang, Huning, Wang, Zhengwen, Zhao, Shengguo, and Jiao, Ting
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RUMEN fermentation ,MICROBIAL diversity ,EWES ,PRINCIPAL components analysis ,PROPIONIC acid ,PHENOLIC acids - Abstract
Simple Summary: In the context of large-scale production, it is necessary to improve ewes health status and reproductive performance to promote newborns survival rate and later fattening performance. Previous studies have indicated that phenolic acids could change the host rumen microflora and inhibit pathogenic bacteria to ensure rumen health and host body health. However, there are few studies on isochlorogenic acid (ICGA) in ruminants. Therefore, based on regulating the rumen environment of breeding ewes during the whole physiological period, the experiment was conducted to study the effects of ICGA on rumen fermentation, microbial diversity and immunity of ewes at estrus, pregnancy and lactation stages. The experimental data obtained showed that adding ICGA could regulate ewes rumen fermentation mode, optimize microbial flora of different physiological stages by increasing Bacteroidota relative abundance while reducing Firmicutes relative abundance, maintain rumen microbial homeostasis at the pregnancy stage, and increase ewes blood immuneglobulin content, thereby improving ewes health. The effects of isochlorogenic acid (ICGA) on ewes rumen environment, microbial diversity, and immunity at different physiological stages (estrus, pregnancy and lactation) were studied in this experiment. Twenty healthy female Hu lambs of 1.5 months with similar body weight (17.82 ± 0.98 kg) and body condition were selected and randomly divided into two groups: the control group (CON) and the ICGA group (ICGA). The lambs of CON were fed a basal diet, while the lambs of ICGA were supplemented with 0.1% ICGA based on the basal diet. Lambs rumen fermentation characteristics, microbial diversity and immunity at estrus, pregnancy, and lactation stages were determined and analyzed, respectively. The results showed that the rumen pH in CON increased first and then decreased as lambs grew (p < 0.05). However, it showed the opposite change in ICGA. The content of ammonia nitrogen (NH
3 -N) showed the highest at estrus stage in both groups, but it was significantly higher in ICGA than that in CON (p < 0.05). The Acetic acid/propionic acid (A/P) ratio at estrus stage and the volatile fatty acids (VFAs) at pregnancy stage in ICGA were significantly higher than those of the CON (p < 0.05). The 16S rDNA sequencing analysis showed that the Shannon, Chao 1 and ACE indexes of the ICGA were significantly higher than those of the CON both at estrus and lactation stages (p < 0.05), while they showed higher at the pregnancy stage in CON (p > 0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that there were significant differences in rumen microorganism structure between CON and ICGA at all physiological stages (p < 0.01). At the phylum level, compared with the CON, Firmicutes relative abundance of three physiological stages decreased (p > 0.05) while Bacteroidota increased (p > 0.05). The relative abundance of Synergistota at estrus stage and Patescibacteria at the lactation stage increased significantly too (p < 0.05). At the genus level, compared with the CON, the relative abundance of Prevotella at three stages showed the highest (p > 0.05), while the relative abundance of Succiniclasticum, unclassified_Selenomonadaceae and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group showed different abundances at different physiological stages in ICGA. Compared with the CON, the lambs of the ICGA showed higher blood IgG, IgM, and TNF- α contents at three physiological stages and higher IL-6 contents at pregnancy stage (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Adding ICGA could regulate ewes rumen fermentation mode at different physiological stages by increasing rumen NH3 -N at estrus, VFAs at pregnancy, and the ratio of A/P at lactation. It optimizes rumen microbial flora of different physiological stages by increasing Bacteroidota relative abundance while reducing Firmicutes relative abundance, maintaining rumen microbial homeostasis at pregnant stage, increasing the number of beneficial bacteria in later lactating and ewes blood immunoglobulins content at three physiological stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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17. In-Fiber Liquid Microsphere Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser
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Zhao, Kaixin, Liu, Shuhui, Zhao, Shengguo, Xu, Feng, Yu, Zhiwei, and Li, Litong
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An in-fiber liquid microsphere whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The in-fiber resonator is fabricated by creating an air cavity in tangential contact with the fiber core using femtosecond (fs) laser micromachining and fusion splicing. The air cavity is then filled with high index liquids through a laser drilled channel to form a liquid microsphere. The size and location of the microsphere can be controlled by using different fabricating parameters, while higher Q factors can be achieved with smaller coupling distance. The spectrum of the liquid sphere WGM resonator can be tuned by the index value of the liquid, and the resonant peaks shift toward longer wavelength as the refractive index (RI) of the liquid increases, with a sensitivity of 602.3 nm/RIU in the index range of 1.584∼1.688. On the other hand, the liquid microsphere resonator exhibits high temperature sensitivity due to the high thermo-optic coefficient of the liquid. Temperature sensitivity of −360.9 pm/°C is obtained with a resonator with sphere diameter of 49 μm and liquid RI of 1.692. Such a device can be an attractive candidate for sensing in high index environments such as oil industry.
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- 2024
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18. Effects of biochanin A on lactational performance, nitrogen metabolism, and blood metabolites in dairy cows
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Xiong, Zhanbo, Li, Yanjun, Zhang, Xiaoyin, Zhang, Shiqi, Li, Kexin, Zheng, Nan, Zhao, Shengguo, and Wang, Jiaqi
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Optimizing nitrogen utilization efficiency and mitigating nitrogen losses in cows plays a pivotal role in fostering economic sustainability within contemporary agricultural systems. Biochanin A (BCA), a natural component in red clover, has the potential to improve nitrogen metabolism in dairy cows. The primary objective of this study was to probe the impact of biochanin A supplementation on lactational performance, nitrogen metabolism, and blood metabolites in dairy cows. A complete randomized block design experiment was conducted over 28 d, involving 36 multiparous Holstein cows (comparable milk yield = 37.1 ± 2.90 kg, BW = 642 ± 70.0 kg, days in milk = 92 ± 8.0 d, and parity = 2.4 ± 0.50), which were allocated to three treatment groups: the control group (with 0 g/d BCA), the low group (with 10 g/d BCA), and the high group (with 40 g/d BCA). Biochanin A supplementation improved the lactational performance of cows by increasing milk yield by 6.3% (P= 0.007) and feed efficiency by 12.7% (P= 0.009). Total intestinal apparent digestibility was unaffected by BCA supplementation (P> 0.05), but microbial nitrogen was increased by 30.0% (P= 0.002) for promoting nitrogen utilization efficiency by 20.7% (P= 0.004). Milk competent yields (protein, lactose, and non-fat milk solid) were increased with increasing BCA supplementation (P< 0.05). Urea nitrogen levels in plasma and milk were both decreased by BCA supplementation (P< 0.05). Blood routine parameters and plasma biochemical parameters both received no effect by BCA supplementation (P> 0.05). BCA did not affect body health of dairy cows. Additionally, none of the plasma endocrine hormones were affected (P> 0.05). A total of 95 significantly different metabolites were screened from the plasma metabolites of cows in the BCA-added and non-added groups. After performing an enrichment analysis of the metabolic pathways associated with the different metabolites, six specific pathways were identified: bile acid biosynthesis, aspartate metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, the urea cycle, and ammonia recycling. The inclusion of BCA is suggested to enhance milk yield and modulate nitrogen metabolism by influencing relevant metabolites within the metabolic pathways.
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- 2024
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19. Effects of Steviol Glycosides on Growth Performance, Ruminal Fermentation and Microbial Diversity of Hu Sheep.
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Zhang J, Li X, Sha Y, Wang Z, Qi S, Zhang X, Zhao S, and Jiao T
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The experiment was conducted to investigate the potential effects of steviol glycosides on growth performance, rumen fermentation processes, and microbial diversity in Hu sheep. A single-factor design was used for the trial. Twenty healthy weaned Hu lambs, possessing comparable body weights averaging 18.31 ± 1.24 kg, were randomly allocated into two distinct groups: the control group (CON) and the experimental group (STE), with each comprising 10 lambs. The CON was fed the basal diet, and the STE was supplemented with 0.07% steviol glycosides based on the basal diet. During the experimental period, variations in body weight and feed intake were closely monitored and recorded. After feeding for 90 d, blood was collected to determine blood biochemical indices, and rumen fluid samples were gathered for an in-depth analysis of rumen fermentation parameters and microbial diversity. The outcomes revealed no statistically significant differences in growth performance or serum biochemical indices between the two groups ( p > 0.05). Rumen pH in STE and CON was within the normal range. The rumen ammonia nitrogen (NH
3 -N) and acetic acid (AA) content of STE decreased significantly compared with CON ( p < 0.05). No significant variations were observed in the levels of other volatile fatty acids (VFAs) between the two groups ( p > 0.05). The rumen microbial OTUs count, as well as the Shannon, Simpson, Chao1, and Ace indices, were notably lower in the STE group compared to the CON group ( p < 0.05). Additionally, at the phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes , Bacteroidetes , and Proteobacteria collectively accounted for over 97% of the total phylum composition. In comparison to the CON group, the STE group exhibited an increase in the relative abundance of Proteobacteria ( p < 0.05), accompanied by a significant reduction in the relative abundance of Patescibacteria and Desulfobacteria ( p < 0.05). At the genus level, there was a notable increase in the relative abundance of Prevotella_7 and Succinivibrionaceae_UCG_001 in the STE group, whereas the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group significantly decreased ( p < 0.05). According to the correlation analysis between rumen microflora and VFAs, the relative abundance of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG_001 displayed a significant negative correlation with AA ( p < 0.05), whereas Lactobacillus exhibited a notable positive correlation with isobutyric acid (IBA) ( p < 0.05). In summary, steviol glycosides had no significant effect on the production performance and blood biochemical indexes of Hu sheep. Steviol glycosides can improve rumen fermentation parameters and rumen microflora structure of Hu sheep and have a certain effect on rumen microbial diversity and composition.- Published
- 2024
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20. Effect of commercial fibrolytic enzymes application to normal- and slightly lower energy diets on lactational performance, digestibility and plasma nutrients in high-producing dairy cows.
- Author
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Yang J, Zhao S, and Lin B
- Abstract
The inclusion of fibrolytic enzymes in the diet is believed to have positive effects on animal production. Hence, the objective of this study was to investigate the impact of supplementing diets with a commercial fibrolytic enzyme preparation ( Vistamax ; mixture of xylanase and cellulase) derived from Trichoderma reesei on lactational performance, digestibility, and plasma nutrient levels in high-producing dairy cows. Two dietary energy levels were considered: a normal energy diet (metabolizable energy = 2.68 Mcal/kg) and a slightly lower energy diet (metabolizable energy = 2.55 Mcal/kg). A total of 120 lactating Holstein cows (parity = 2; Days in Milk = 113 ± 23) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups using a 2 * 2 factorial arrangement. The dietary treatments consisted of: (1) normal energy diet without enzyme supplementation (NL); (2) normal energy diet with enzyme supplementation (NLE); (3) slightly lower energy diet without enzyme supplementation (SL); and (4) slightly lower energy diet with enzyme supplementation (SLE). The amount of enzyme added to the diets was determined based on previous in vitro studies and supplier recommendations. The enzyme and premix were mixed prior to the preparation of the total mixed ration, and the trial lasted for a duration of 42 days. The results indicated that the application of the fibrolytic enzyme did not have a significant effect on dry matter intake (DMI), but it did enhance the digestibility of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), potentially digestible NDF (pdNDF), organic matter (OM), milk production, milk urea nitrogen (MUN), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). On the other hand, the slightly lower energy diet resulted in a decrease in DMI, milk production, milk protein yield, plasma free amino acids (FAA), and an increase in plasma B-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA). In conclusion, the inclusion of the fibrolytic enzyme in the diets of dairy cows led to improvements in the digestibility of DM, NDF, pdNDF, OM, milk production, and feed efficiency. Furthermore, the application of the enzyme to the slightly lower energy diet resulted in milk production levels comparable to those observed in cows fed the untreated normal energy diet., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (Copyright © 2024 Yang, Zhao and Lin.)
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- 2024
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21. The Microbiome Protocols eBook initiative: Building a bridge to microbiome research.
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Gao Y, Peng K, Bai D, Bai XY, Bi Y, Chen A, Chen B, Chen F, Chen J, Chen L, Chen T, Chen W, Cheng X, Cheng Y, Cui J, Dai J, Dai J, Dai Z, Deng Y, Deng YZ, Ding W, Fang Z, Fu W, Gao H, Gu S, Guo X, Guo X, Han D, He L, He Y, Hou HY, Jia B, Jia G, Jiao S, Jin W, Ju F, Ju Z, Kong S, Lan C, Li B, Li D, Li D, Li J, Li M, Li Q, Li Q, Li WJ, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li YG, Liang Z, Ling N, Liu F, Liu Q, Liu SJ, Lu H, Lu Q, Luo G, Luo H, Luo Y, Lyu H, Ma C, Ma L, Ma T, Ni J, Pang Z, Qiang X, Qin Y, Qu Q, Ran C, Ren S, Shang H, Song L, Sun L, Sun W, Tang L, Tian J, Wang K, Wang M, Wang MK, Wang T, Wang XY, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wei H, Wei H, Wei Z, Wen T, Wu J, Wu L, Wu L, Xi J, Xie B, Xu G, Xu J, Xu S, Xue Q, Yan L, Yang H, Yang J, Yang J, Yang R, Yang Y, Yang YJ, Yao X, Yao Y, Yousuf S, Yu K, Yuan Z, Yuan Z, Zhang D, Zhang T, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhang ZF, Zhao S, Zhao W, Zheng M, Zheng Z, Zhou X, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Zhu M, Zhu YG, Chu H, Bai Y, and Liu YX
- Abstract
The Microbiome Protocols eBook (MPB) serves as a crucial bridge, filling gaps in microbiome protocols for both wet experiments and data analysis. The first edition, launched in 2020, featured 152 meticulously curated protocols, garnering widespread acclaim. We now extend a sincere invitation to researchers to participate in the upcoming 2nd version of MPB, contributing their valuable protocols to advance microbiome research., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2024 The Authors. iMeta published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of iMeta Science.)
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- 2024
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