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Layered transition metal dichalcogenides are of intensive interest for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) due to their high theoretical capacity, relatively low working potential, and layered structures. However, the limited interlayer spacing poses challenges in accommodating large‐radius potassium ions, significantly affecting their rate and cycling performances, particularly for selenide counterparts. Herein, a class of the strongly coupled NbSe2 nanosheets (NSs)/graphene (G) heterostructure with expanded interlayer spacings and high electron conductivity for boosting the performance of potassium storage is reported. NbSe2 NSs/G delivers a reversible capacity of 348.4 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1, exceptional rate performance (117.5 mAh g−1 at an ultrahigh current density of 10.0 A g−1), and excellent cycle stability (capacity retention of 167.8 mAh g−1 after 2350 cycles under 2.0 A g−1), placing it among the top performers in reported TMD‐based PIB anodes. In situ XRD and Raman measurements reveal the intercalation‐based mechanism in NbSe2 NSs/G and the introduction of graphene can alleviate the severe volume change, making it possess superior rate performance and cycle stability Prominently, full‐cell PIBs employing NbSe2 NSs/G anodes demonstrate remarkable rate capability, and achieve a high energy density of 103.0 Wh kg−1 and a high power density of 1140.6 W kg−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shape of nanochannels plays a crucial role in the ion selectivity and overall performance of reverse electrodialysis (RED) systems. However, current research on two-dimensional nanochannel shapes is largely limited to a few fixed asymmetric forms. This study explores the impact of randomly shaped nanochannels using dimensionless methods, controlling their randomness by varying their length and shape amplitude. The research systematically compares how alterations in the nanochannel length and shape amplitude influence various system performance parameters. Our findings indicate that increasing the nanochannel length can significantly enhance the system performance. While drastic changes in the nanochannel shape amplitude positively affect the system performance, the most significant improvements arise from the interplay between the nanochannel length and shape amplitude. This compounding effect creates a local optimum, resulting in peak system performance. Within the range of dimensionless lengths from 0 to 30, the system reaches its optimal performance at a dimensionless length of approximately 25. Additionally, we explored two other influencing factors: the nanochannel surface charge density and the concentration gradient of the solution across the nanochannel. Optimal performance is observed when the nanochannel has a high surface charge density and a low concentration gradient, particularly with random shapes. This study advances the theoretical understanding of RED systems in two-dimensional nanochannels, guiding research towards practical operational conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The associations between plasma vitamin B12 level and anemia under different dietary patterns in elderly Chinese people are poorly understood. We aimed to examine the associations between plasma vitamin B12 levels and anemia under different dietary patterns in adults aged 65 years and older in nine longevity areas in China. Methods: A total of 2405 older adults completed a food frequency questionnaire at the same time as a face-to-face interview. The dietary diversity score (DDS) was assessed based on the food frequency questionnaire, with the low DDS group referring to participants with a DDS score ≤ 4 points. Vitamin B12 levels were divided into two groups of high (>295 pg/mL) and low (≤ 295 pg/mL) with the median used as the cut-off point. Sub-analyses were also performed on older adults divided into tertiles of vitamin B12 levels: low (< 277 pg/mL), medium (277–375 pg/mL) and high (> 375 pg/mL) to study the association of these levels with anemia. Results: Six hundred ninety-five (28.89%) of these people were diagnosed with anemia and had a mean age of 89.3 years. Higher vitamin B12 levels were associated with a decreased risk of anemia (multi-adjusted OR, 0.59, [95% CI, 0.45 ~ 0.77] P < 0.001) in older adults with a low DDS, whereas no significant association between vitamin B12 levels and anemia was found in older adults with a high DDS in a full-model after adjustment for various confounding factors (multi-adjusted OR, 0.88, [95% CI, 0.65 ~ 1.19], P = 0.41). Conclusion: The relationship between vitamin B12 levels and the prevalence of anemia was significant only when the level of dietary diversity in the older adults was relatively low. The dietary structure of the population should be taken into consideration in combination in order to effectively improve anemia status by supplementing vitamin B12. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrializing water electrolyzers demands better electrocatalysts, especially for the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The prevailing OER catalysts are Ir or Ru‐based nanomaterials, however, they still suffer from insufficient stability. An alternative yet considerably less explored approach is to upgrade Rh, a known stable but moderately active element for OER electrocatalysis, via rational structural engineering. Herein, a precise synthesis of assembled RhRuFe trimetallenes (RhRuFe TMs) with an average thickness of 1 nm for boosting overall water splitting catalysis is reported. Favorable mass transport and optimized electronic structure collectively render RhRuFe TMs with an improved OER activity of an overpotential of 330 mV to deliver 10 mA cm−2, which is significantly lower than the Rh/C control (by 601 mV) and reported Rh‐based OER electrocatalysts. In particular, the RhRuFe TMs‐based water splitting devices can achieve the current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a low voltage of 1.63 V, which is among the best in the Rh‐based bifunctional catalysts for electrolyzers. The addition of Fe in RhRuFe TMs can modulate the strain/electron distribution of the multi‐alloy, which regulates the binding energies of H* and OH* in hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions for achieving the enhanced bifunctional OER and HER catalysis is further demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Antimony (Sb) has been identified as a new neurotoxicant that impacts neurological functions in animal studies. However, its effects on the human population remain unknown., What Is Added by This Report?: The study reveals that there is an association between exposure to Sb and a higher incidence of cognitive impairment in older adults. The dose-response curve demonstrates that the risk of cognitive impairment consistently increased with higher levels of Sb exposure without a discernible threshold., What Are the Implications for Public Health Practice?: Reducing exposure to Sb may have a beneficial effect in delaying or preventing the onset of cognitive impairment. This intervention has the potential to significantly decrease the disease burden associated with cognitive impairment, ultimately contributing to social development., Competing Interests: Xiaoming Shi is a editorial board member of the journal China CDC Weekly. He was not involved in the peer-review or handling of the manuscript. The authors have no other competing interests to disclose., (Copyright and License information: Editorial Office of CCDCW, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2024.)

Objective: The associations between plasma vitamin B 12 level and anemia under different dietary patterns in elderly Chinese people are poorly understood. We aimed to examine the associations between plasma vitamin B 12 levels and anemia under different dietary patterns in adults aged 65 years and older in nine longevity areas in China., Methods: A total of 2405 older adults completed a food frequency questionnaire at the same time as a face-to-face interview. The dietary diversity score (DDS) was assessed based on the food frequency questionnaire, with the low DDS group referring to participants with a DDS score ≤ 4 points. Vitamin B 12 levels were divided into two groups of high (>295 pg/mL) and low (≤ 295 pg/mL) with the median used as the cut-off point. Sub-analyses were also performed on older adults divided into tertiles of vitamin B 12 levels: low (< 277 pg/mL), medium (277-375 pg/mL) and high (> 375 pg/mL) to study the association of these levels with anemia., Results: Six hundred ninety-five (28.89%) of these people were diagnosed with anemia and had a mean age of 89.3 years. Higher vitamin B 12 levels were associated with a decreased risk of anemia (multi-adjusted OR, 0.59, [95% CI, 0.45 ~ 0.77] P < 0.001) in older adults with a low DDS, whereas no significant association between vitamin B 12 levels and anemia was found in older adults with a high DDS in a full-model after adjustment for various confounding factors (multi-adjusted OR, 0.88, [95% CI, 0.65 ~ 1.19], P = 0.41)., Conclusion: The relationship between vitamin B 12 levels and the prevalence of anemia was significant only when the level of dietary diversity in the older adults was relatively low. The dietary structure of the population should be taken into consideration in combination in order to effectively improve anemia status by supplementing vitamin B 12 ., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Objective: To explore the abnormal expression of HORMA domain containing protein 1 (HORMAD1) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients and its correlation with the expression of inflammatory factors., Study Design: Observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China, from August 2021 to October 2022., Methodology: Eighty CRS patients and 80 healthy volunteers participated in this study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The plasma samples of the patients were collected and the level of HORMAD1 was determined by RT-qPCR methods. Commercially available ELISA kits were used for the detection of the levels of cytokines, and the correlation between HORMAD1 expression and the level of cytokines was analysed., Results: HORMAD1 expression was significantly increased in CRS patients as compared to the healthy subjects. Moreover, the results of ROC curve suggested AUC for HORMAD1 was 0.9442, 95% confidence interval, 0.9057 to 0.9827. IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 as well as IFN-γ were all markedly elevated in the CRS group. Positive correlations were found between HORMAD1 expression and the cytokines., Conclusion: HORMAD1 may trigger an inflammatory response in CRS patients. The results of the current study could be beneficial for improving the therapeutic efficacy of CRS patients., Key Words: HORMAD1, Chronic rhinosinusitis, Expression, Inflammatory factors, DNA damage, Cytokines.