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Background: Despite vaccination, patients receiving anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) have an increased risk of developing severe or protracted COVID-19. The aim of this study was to describe the effect of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) in patients with MS or NMOSD exposed to anti-CD20 and infected by SARS-CoV-2., Methods: This French national, retrospective cohort study was conducted between November 2020 and June 2023. Patients with MS or NMOSD, under anti-CD20 mAbs, with symptomatic COVID-19 and treated by CCP were screened. Protracted COVID-19 was defined by a duration of symptoms >21 days. The primary endpoint was the overall survival 30 days after CCP administration., Results: Ninety-two patients from 34 hospitals were included, 84 (91%) with MS and 8 (9%) with NMOSD. Overall, 30-day survival was 97% (IC95%: 91-99). SARS-CoV-2 viremia was positive in 47/75 (61%) patients before CCP versus 9/59 (15%) seven days post-CCP. In the 52 patients (57%) with protracted COVID-19, the duration of symptoms before CCP was 51 [28-69] days, including fever in 75% of cases, which disappeared in 100% of patients 7 days post-CCP., Conclusions: CCP could be a therapeutic option in patients exposed to anti-CD20 mAbs for inflammatory demyelinating disease, particularly in those with protracted COVID-19., Competing Interests: Declarations of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: KL has received funds from Gilead, MSD, Janssen, ViiV Healthcare and Abbvie for expert boards and travel grants. None of those funds target COVID-19. CL has received compensation for travel fees, consulting services or speaker honoraria from Biogen, Merck Serono, Novartis, Sanofi and Roche and IIT Research grant from Biogen. AF reports honorariat by Fisher & Paykel for a lecture during SFMU Congress 2022, outside the submitted work. AM is president of an association that has received funding from GSK and Blueprint, hospitality from GSK, Novartis, Sanofi, Janssen, Teva, Shire, Ipsen, training funding from Novartis, LFB, Leo Pharma, and has a contract to speak at scientific events from Leo Pharma. The other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

The optimal modalities of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in the ICU remain debated. Intermittent haemodialysis (IHD) and continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (CVVH) are the two main methods. Intermittent haemodialysis requires a water treatment system, which may not be available in all jurisdictions. We report the experience of an innovative strategy of intermittent KRT without water treatment system. Based on the manufacturer's recommendations, the dialysate flow during "CVVHDF post" (post-dilution continuous veno-venous haemodiafiltration) mode was increased by connecting the substitution pump in parallel with the dialysate pump using a Y-connector. This doubled the flow rate of dialysate, allowing for 9000 mL/h during intermittent KRT sessions at a blood flow rate of 250 mL/min. We called this technique "water treatment-free prolonged intermittent kidney replacement therapy" (WTF-PIKRT). We report our experience in 18 patients who underwent 88 WTF-PIKRT sessions (median duration 5 h (IQR [4, 6])) between August 2019 and May 2020. The median urea reduction ratio was 38 % (IQR [29,49]). Hypotension occurred during 21.6 % of sessions. Hypokalemia or hypophosphatemia occurred in less than 5 % of sessions. WTF-PIKRT represents an attractive alternative to conventional IHD when a water treatment system is not available. Despite its lower efficacy compared with IHD, it may have significant organizational and economic impact., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc.)