Search

Purpose: To evaluate the occurrence, incidence rate, and esthetic impact of facial growth in adult patients who need a single implant rehabilitation in the central incisor area to assess the influence of time on changes in the incisal level. Materials and Methods: Patients were included if they received a single implant in the maxillary central incisor site, were at least 19 years old at the time of placement, and had natural adjacent teeth. Standardized images were obtained to evaluate the presence and incidence of incisal linear changes. All rehabilitations followed the same standard of reconstruction, while always keeping the mimetics of the homologous and adjacent tooth the same to provide the same incisal level and achieve the best esthetics for all patients. Thus, at implant placement (T0), the incisal-level difference between the crown and the adjacent tooth was zero. Any modifications in the incisal levels from 1.0 mm of difference were registered. This measurement of 1.0 mm was the cutoff mark because it permits easy observation of a difference, either by the dental professional or the patient. The data obtained were analyzed and correlated statistically. Results: A total of 56 patients and 56 implants were included (age range: 23-63 years; average age: 40.79 ± 12.25 years) in this study. Incisal-level alterations between the tooth and implant were found and had an incidence rate of 19.6%. The study had an average follow-up of 10.7 ± 3.37 years. All implants evaluated had stability and healthy peri-implant tissue conditions throughout the followup period, with a 100% survival rate. There was no statistically significant prevalence of incisal-level changes between males (19%) and females (20%) (P = .238); the incidence rate was 41.7% for patients between 20 and 30 years old, 13.3% for patients between 31 and 40 years old, 23.7% for patients between 41 and 50 years old, and 6.3% in the group over 50 years old; note that there were no statistically significant differences (P = .118) among different age groups. Similarly, no statistically significant difference was observed (P = .262) comparing the number of clinical cases in each subgroup with and without change in the incisal level. Conclusions: Changes in the incisal level of maxillary anterior crowns retained by single implants in adult patients were present in 19.6% of the cases evaluated. This prevalence was not influenced by sex or age group; however, it was observed more often in dental implant cases with longer follow-ups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of osteotomy preparation techniques and implant diameter on primary stability and the bone-implant interface of short implants (6 mm) when placed in bone with a high degree of cancellous content. Materials and Methods: Overall, 90 short dental implants (6 mm; Astra Tech Implant System EV, Dentsply Sirona) were divided into nine groups based on width (narrow implants [N]: 4.2 mm; regular implants [R]: 4.8 mm; or wide implants [W]: 5.4 mm), and the type of osteotomy preparation used (standard [ST], osteotome [OT], or osseodensification [OD]) to be placed in porcine tibia plateau bone samples. The following groups were created: group N-ST, group N-OT, group N-OD, group R-ST, group R-OT, group R-OD, group W-ST, group W-OT, and group W-OD. The insertion torque and implant stability quotient (ISQ) were measured. Additionally, four implants from groups N-ST, N-OT, and N-OD were evaluated histomorphometrically. Results: The insertion torque was significantly higher for implants in group W-OD compared to group W-ST (50.00 ± 14.14 Ncm vs 28.00 ± 10.85 Ncm; P = .005). Similarly, the insertion torque was significantly higher for implants in group W-OT compared to group W-ST (46.87 ± 17.10 Ncm and 28.00 ± 10.85 Ncm, respectively; P = .026). The insertion torque was also significantly higher for implants in group W-OD compared to group N-OD (50.00 ± 14.14 Ncm and 31.5 ± 15.82 Ncm, respectively; P = .04). No significant differences were observed for the percentage of bone marrow space and connective tissue in contact with the implant surface between studied groups. Conclusions: Osteotomy preparation technique in sites with a high degree of cancellous content was found to influence the implant insertion torque for short and wide implants (5.4 × 6 mm). Implant width was found to influence the insertion torque of short implants placed with the OD technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate radiographic changes around six implants (two posterior zygomatic implants and four conventional implants) used with fixed detachable restorations in patients with severe maxillary posterior resorption with either polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or titanium frameworks. Materials and Methods: In total, 12 maxillary edentulous patients were rehabilitated with six implants, including two posterior zygomatic and four conventionally placed implants for each patient following All-on-6 distribution and opposing a mandibular All-on-4 implant-retained fixed detachable prosthesis. A two-stage surgical unloaded healing protocol was performed. According to framework and teeth materials, there were two groups: group 1 -- CAD/CAM-milled framework from modified BioHPP PEEK bonded to PMMA crowns; and group 2--screw-retained CAD/CAM-milled framework from titanium bonded to zirconia crowns. Bone loss evaluation for six implants was performed using CBCT at the time of delivery (T0), after 1 year (T1), and after 3 years (T2). Results: There was a statistically significant difference in bone loss between the PEEK and titanium groups. There was less bone loss in the PEEK group around anterior conventional implants at buccal (P = .01), mesial (P < .001), and distal surfaces (P < .00l) and for zygomatic implants at buccal (P = .004) and palatal surfaces (P = .003). Conclusions: Within the limitations of the study, the full-arch PEEK and titanium frameworks of fixed-detachable prostheses used with an All-on-6 distribution using zygomatic implants for rehabilitation of maxillary edentulous atrophied posterior arches was a promising treatment approach. Less bone loss was observed with the PEEK framework restorations combined with the PMMA crowns group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this review is to compare the clinical outcomes of different soft tissue grafting materials (connective tissue graft (CTG), platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF), allogenic and xenogenic substitutes) applied in immediate implant placement with each other. Methods: Through an electronic search regarding the study's main question ("In patients with non-restorable teeth, who receive immediate dental implants (P), what is the best adjunctive soft tissue grafting approach among different autogenous, allogenous, and xenogenous grafts (I), to achieve the desired hard and soft tissue structure (O), compared to sites without grafting (C)?") in PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science, randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) using different soft tissue grafts were identified and analyzed using a Bayesian random-effect network meta-analysis framework. The pink esthetic score (PES), marginal interproximal bone level changes (MIBL), buccal bone thickness changes (BBT), keratinized tissue width changes (KTW), soft tissue thickness changes (STT), papilla height changes (PH), midfacial gingival margin level changes (MGML) were defined as desired outcomes of the study; except for the MIBL with 12 – 24 months of follow-up, 6 – 12 months is considered for other outcomes. Results: After duplication removal, 903 studies were identified through the electronic search; from which 21 RCTs were included in the review. Among all comparisons in different outcomes, only CTG demonstrated a significantly higher gain in STT compared to not placing soft tissue graft. However, CTG in MIBL, KTW, STT, PH, and MGML, and uni-layer xenogenic collagen matrix in PES were the superior treatments, according to the treatment ranking based on surface under cumulative ranking (SUCRA). Conclusions: At the time of immediate implantation, there is no significant difference between different soft tissue grafts regarding the clinical outcomes of implants. However, the utilization of CTG can be suggested in cases with thin soft tissue. The acceptable efficacy of allogenic and xenogenic materials and the non-significant difference between them and CTG indicate supporting evidence for the application of these materials to specific clinical situations simultaneously with immediate implantation. Systematic review registration: CRD42024568586. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: This study investigated the effect of different levels of coffee cherry pulp extract (CCPE) added to broilers' diet on growth performance, meat quality, carcass characteristics, and health parameters. The results indicate that dietary CCPE supplementation positively affects broilers' growth performance and health. Moreover, CCPE is a feed additive that can replace antibiotics in broiler feed. Coffee cherry pulp (CCP) is a by-product of coffee bean production. CCP contains amounts of phenolic compounds that are beneficial for animals. This study evaluated the impact of coffee cherry pulp extract (CCPE) supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, carcass characteristics, serum biochemistry, cecum microbial population, intestinal morphology, and immune and antioxidant responses of broilers. Five hundred 1-day-old Ross 308 chicks were randomly assigned to five groups: a basal diet control, a basal diet with antibiotic growth promoters at 0.25 g/kg, and groups supplemented with CCPE at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg diet over 35 days. The results showed that throughout the experimental period, the groups supplemented with CCPE improved their final weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). CCPE at 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg diet reduced the average daily feed intake (p < 0.05). In addition, CCPE at 0.5 g/kg reduced levels of serum alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase (p < 0.05). Triglyceride levels were the lowest in CCPE 2.0 (p < 0.05). In the group supplemented with CCPE at all levels, the high-density lipoprotein levels significantly increased (p < 0.05). Drip loss in the breast at 24 and 48 h decreased (p < 0.05). Additionally, live weight, defeathered weight, and carcass weight significantly increased (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CCPE improved intestinal morphology, especially villus height and the villus height per crypt depth ratio (p < 0.05). CCPE supplementation also reduced pathogenic bacteria, increased Lactobacillus spp. (p < 0.05), and increased the expression of immune-related genes and antioxidant activity in the liver and intestines (p < 0.05). Therefore, the use of CCPE as an alternative to antibiotics in broiler feed improved growth performance and health parameters in broilers. It provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly option for supplementary feed, contributing to more efficient poultry nutrition management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Socket sealing following flapless immediate implant placement involves placing a barrier membrane to prevent the ingrowth of bacteria or contaminants to the dental implant during the early phase of healing. Dense Polytetrafluorethylene membranes have been the gold standard socket sealing barrier due to their impermeability to the oral flora, which allows for undisturbed implant healing. The search for a more cost-efficient material for sealing the socket without compromising implant osseointegration was sought. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of socket sealing after immediate implant placement in the premolar/molar region using a gelatin sponge, as opposed to a dense Polytetrafluorethylene membrane, and its impact on clinical implant osseointegration. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 20 patients, comprising 12 males and 8 females with an age range of 25–60 years. Those meeting the eligibility criteria of immediate implant placement were selected and divided equally into two groups. A control group, where an immediate implant and a dense polytetrafluorethylene membrane were used, and a test group where an immediate implant and a gelatin sponge was used. Exclusion criteria included smokers, presence of systemic or metabolic conditions, or a local pathology that would contraindicate implant placement. Teeth were extracted using a flapless approach. Implants were placed, and sockets were sealed using the allocated barrier. In the control group, the membrane was removed after 4 weeks. For the test group, the gelatin sponge was left to resorb spontaneously. After 4 months, implants were uncovered, and a 30 N/cm reverse torque test was applied to assess the clinical osseointegration. Results: All implants healed uneventfully, without any radiographic evidence of bone loss. There was no clinical or radiographic difference between the outcomes in the control and the test groups. For the 20 dental implants subjected to a 30 N/cm reverse torque test, clinical integration was observed. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, both dense polytetrafluorethylene membranes and gelatin sponges are effective methods for socket sealing, allowing for successful osseointegration following flapless immediate implant placement in posterior sites, with gelatin sponge offering easier handling and a reduced cost compared to dense polytetrafluorethylene. A larger study sample to verify the outcomes of this stud is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increase in world population and higher consumption of poultry meat, the need for efficient feed production to ensure high quality and quantity of products is increasing. The main objective of the study was to find out the effect of microbial enzymes β-glucanase and α-amylase on optimising the performance of poultry feed. The method of analysis, one-way analysis of variance, chemical analysis and quantitative analysis were used in the study. A review of the work showed that enzyme analysis in the experimental feeds confirmed the determined concentrations of 44, 67 and 88 kN. The treatments significantly reduced body weight gain and feed conversion ratio throughout the evaluation period. The effect was particularly marked at K-110 kcal/kg and enzyme concentrations of 250, 350 and 450 mg/kg. Enzyme supplementation resulted in partial recovery of performance evident at various intervals including 10-17 days, 17-30 days, and 30-37 days. The enzyme supplemented groups showed positive results in body weight gain, especially at K-110 kcal/kg and enzyme concentrations of 250, 350 and 450 mg/kg, compared to the control group. The results emphasised not only the high precision of the study, but also the effectiveness of the enzymes in improving feed utilisation and maintaining bird performance under altered dietary conditions. The study of enzyme complex in feeds is of practical importance to the poultry industry, as it confirms the efficacy of enzyme supplementation in improving feed utilisation and maintaining bird performance under altered diets. The findings provided a basis for optimising diets using specific energy levels and enzyme concentrations, which can lead to improved body weight gain and FCR, promoting more efficient nutrient uptake and reducing productivity losses in birds [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]