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Copyright of Scientific Journal of Finance & Financial Law Studies is the property of Scientific Journal of Finance & Financial Law Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Opuntia Brava is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Pedagogicas de Las Tunas, Centro de Documentacion e Informacion Pedagogica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article investigates production optimization strategies for carbon dioxide recovery using a natural Carbon dioxide Processing Plant as a case study. The study assesses various optimization techniques including hydraulic fracturing, matrix acidizing, and drilling new wells based on productivity, optimal producing time, financial analysis, risk assessment, and environmental impact assessment. The analysis employs a least summation score ranking method to estimate the most suitable technique. Findings reveal that drilling a new carbon dioxide producing well emerges as the preferred option due to its favorable scores across all criteria, including high productivity, extended optimal producing time, low risk, minimal environmental impact, and positive incremental net present value, signifying its profitability and project viability. The study recommends a five year model verification, improvement and history matching program should be adopted in order to understand reservoir processes taking and detect operational issues together with identifying opportunities to improve reservoir description and data acquisition program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The paper's primary goal is to assess the impact of long-term solvency on the logistics sector's sustainable development in Poland from 2008 to 2022. Design/methodology/approach: To verify the research hypothesis, we created the synthetic indicators of sustainable logistics development and developed models using the Classical Least Squares Method (OLS), Vector Autoregression (VAR) and Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR). Findings: The research results show that compliance with the golden financial rule is statistically significant for the sustainable development of the logistics sector. Moreover, it has a direct impact on the economic and social pillars. Research limitations/implications: The selection of indicators for the research sample and the estimation methods limit the analysis. Practical implications: Maintaining an appropriate financing structure for logistics sector companies is crucial, and ensuring compliance with the golden financial rule is important for the sustainable development of companies. Social implications: The research results are important from the point of view of the development of the logistics sector in the social and ecological aspects, and reducing the sector's emissions should lead to improved conditions and quality of life for communities. Originality/value: The paper's novelty is determining the impact of the golden rule of financing on the sustainable development of logistics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on enhancing stock market price prediction through artificial neural networks and machine learning. It underscores the significance of improving forecast accuracy by incorporating historical stock prices, macroeconomic indicators, news events, and technical indicators. Exploring deep learning principles, it delves into convolutional neural networks (CNN), recurrent neural networks (RNN), including long shortterm memory (LSTM), and gated recurrent unit (GRU) modifications. This financial time series processing study covers data preprocessing, creating training/test sets, and selecting evaluation metrics. Results suggest promising applications for the developed forecasting models in stock markets, stressing the importance of considering various factors for precise forecasts in dynamic financial environments. Historical reserve data serves as the model foundation. Integration of macroeconomic, news, and technical indicators offers a holistic approach, aiding trend and anomaly identification for enhanced forecasts. The article recommends suitable deep learning architectures, highlighting LSTM and GRU's effectiveness in adapting to intricate data dependencies. Experimental outcomes showcase these architectures' benefits in predicting stock market prices, offering valuable insights for finance and asset management professionals in financial analysis and machine learning realms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Light Industry Machinery is the property of Light Industry Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article examines financial management of environmental enterprises from the standpoint of evaluating the results of financial analysis and specifics of its implementation. Increasing the competitiveness of environmental organisations in the Russian Federation and ensuring their prospects in the face of sanctions and restrictions at this stage of development is becoming increasingly relevant. The authors propose a methodology for financial analysis of industrial and environmental activities of an enterprise based on the calculation of key financial and private environmental indicators of environmental enterprises. The novelty of this study lies in an integrated approach to financial management based on the results of the analysis of financial and private environmental indicators of environmental organisations, covering the financial and environmental aspects of their activities. The integrated approach to financial management is innovative because it is founded on the close relationship between financial and environmental activities of enterprises. The presented article develops analytical support and methodological tools of the analysis for use by environmental enterprises, with consideration to their specifics, in order to improve the efficiency of financial management. The practical significance of this article lies in the analytical provision of effective financial management for the sustainable development of environmental enterprises.

Abstract This article investigates production optimization strategies for carbon dioxide recovery using a natural Carbon dioxide Processing Plant as a case study. The study assesses various optimization techniques including hydraulic fracturing, matrix acidizing, and drilling new wells based on productivity, optimal producing time, financial analysis, risk assessment, and environmental impact assessment. The analysis employs a least summation score ranking method to estimate the most suitable technique. Findings reveal that drilling a new carbon dioxide producing well emerges as the preferred option due to its favorable scores across all criteria, including high productivity, extended optimal producing time, low risk, minimal environmental impact, and positive incremental net present value, signifying its profitability and project viability. The study recommends a five year model verification, improvement and history matching program should be adopted in order to understand reservoir processes taking and detect operational issues together with identifying opportunities to improve reservoir description and data acquisition program.

This study sheds light on the achievements of digital financial technologies and blockchain technology in the stock market. This study aims to examine the relationship between blockchain technology and macroeconomic variables, as well as the impact these variables have on stock market performance. For this, authors used the methodology of correlation and regression analysis, analyzing data on cryptocurrencies, the stock market and key paper exchange rates. The study confirms a significant correlation between blockchain dynamics, particularly cryptocurrency price fluctuations, and stock market performance, indicating that movements in digital asset classes such as Bitcoin and Ethereum have measurable impacts on traditional financial markets. Traditional economic indicators continue to play a crucial role in stock market behavior, with variables like inflation rates and GDP growth showing strong correlations with market performance. The results suggest a complex interplay between blockchain technology and macroeconomic indicators, emphasizing a growing interconnectedness between emerging digital financial products and economic measures. In addition, the findings are particularly relevant for investors, financial analysts, and policymakers, highlighting the need for a holistic market analysis approach that integrates both new technological advancements in blockchain and economic indicators. The study underscores the evolving influence of blockchain technology on traditional stock markets that encompass both new digital assets and economic frameworks. Moreover, further studies could explore the impact of blockchain technology on specific sectors within the stock market, such as technology, finance, and consumer goods.

The development of the insurance market is accompanied by unstable transitional processes that can create threats and risks of worsening the insurer's financial condition. In this regard, an urgent issue is the comprehensive diagnosis of the economic indicators of the activity of insurance companies to ensure their financial security. The insurer's financial security is a set of measures to eliminate the threats of deterioration of the financial condition to achieve an acceptable level of activity risk during a certain period and ensure the insurer's financial stability before the increase of external and internal threats affecting the financial condition. Threats include factors and processes that can negatively affect the interests of owners and clients and the insurer's financial condition. Therefore, indicators of the insurer's financial security are the most significant financial indicators and parameters (factors) that characterize the insurer's financial condition and financial stability concerning parameter changes (factors). The article aims to develop a methodology for comprehensive diagnostics of insurance companies' economic indicators to ensure financial security. The research methodology is based on the use of insurers' microeconomic indicators. The author's proposals are based on two groups of indicators used in financial analysis: 1) indicators of financial condition and 2) indicators of financial stability and security. Each group comprises 7-8 financial indicators, corresponding criteria, and normative values. It is proposed that diagnostics be carried out in two stages. In the first stage, the financial condition is determined according to the indicators of the first group, and then – in the second stage, it is detailed by analyzing the indicators of financial security (indicators of the second group). The application of the approach presented in the article makes it possible to carry out purposeful work on the diagnosis of economic indicators of activity, to form an independent opinion not only about the insurer's financial condition but also to build the fundamental foundations of ensuring its financial security. It is crucial not only to calculate and compare the dynamics of indicators of the financial condition of insurers but also to assess the degree of their readiness to counter threats correctly.

This study uses fuzzy–rough analysis to investigate the influence of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) ratings, along with critical financial and growth ratios, on the stock returns of blue-chip companies in Taiwan. The growing importance of ESG factors in investment decisions underscores the need to understand their impact on stock performance. By integrating the fuzzy–rough set theory, which accommodates uncertainty and imprecision in data, we analyze the complex relationships between ESG ratings, traditional financial metrics (such as ROE, return on equity), and stock returns. Our findings provide insights into how ESG considerations, alongside financial indicators, drive the returns of Taiwan's blue-chip stocks. Three public-listed companies were evaluated using this approach, and the results are consistent with the actual stock performance. This research contributes to the field by offering a robust methodological approach to assess the nuanced effects of ESG factors on financial performance, thus aiding investors and management teams in making informed decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Livestock products and the sustainability of their production process play an important role in food security, value addition, job creation, and the growth of related industries. Therefore, this paper was organized to evaluate the sustainability situation in the livestock supply chain in Pasargad City by introducing a new sustainability index. The economic, social, and environmental conditions of the livestock supply chain by using data were collected by completing two types of questionnaires on the status of light and heavy livestock evaluated. The results obtained using the analytical hierarchy process method showed that in this case, the economic criterion is more important than the social and environmental. For financial evaluation, the indices of benefit–cost ratio, net profit, and return on capital were calculated. The employment status and the level of the social status of the producers were evaluated. In the environmental assessment, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions for the production and consumption of feed used by livestock and transportation of inputs and products in the production process was calculated. The production of both light and heavy livestock has economic justification, but, in terms of environmental evaluation, light livestock, and, in terms of social evaluation, heavy livestock are preferable. Therefore, based on the calculation of the sustainability index, the beef supply chain is prioritized. Investment and special support regarding the establishment of a milk processing factory and industrial slaughterhouse in Pasargad City to increase sustainability in the supply chain of livestock products is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mergers and acquisitions (M&As) are one of the most practised inorganic strategies to multiply economic profits, acquire new product capabilities, expand markets, diversify risk and bring synergistic gains. The purpose of the study is to review the literature related to companies' financial analysis, pre and post-M&A after the Patents (Amendment) Act, 2005. The study follows a systematic literature review (SLR) process where 128 research publications from 2005–2020 are examined after applying the required review protocols. SLR found a deficient practical contribution of the limited literature on the three perspectives, namely, from accounting, productivity and managerial perspectives at the international level. Furthermore, there is also a dearth of studies from the three perspectives for the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry (IPI) post the Patents (Amendment) Act, 2005. This review finds that there is a need for a unified approach for evaluating the success of M&A in IPI. Future studies can encourage research that ties these three perspectives to a common thread and furnishes a holistic approach for analysis. It will further bolster the research to provide practical insights to companies' rooting for a robust financial analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Students reasonably assume that financial reporting provides useful insights into financial performance. Alaska Gold is an instructional case that is based on a disguised real-world company, where reported GAAP-based financial statements obfuscate the firm's underlying economics. The Company mined gold for its first two years of operations but reported zero gold revenue for each of these years because it did not sell any. In the third year, the Company sold all of the gold mined to date—and reported gold revenue and related cost of gold sold. Students use publicly available data to prepare an alternative analysis that unveils the economics of what really happened to Alaska Gold in each of the three years 2017–2019. The situation helps students appreciate that accounting rules, business models, managerial discretion, and economic context are important to understanding and evaluating financial performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of carbon emissions can be addressed through environmentally friendly technological innovations, which contribute to the journey towards achieving net-zero emissions (NZE). The electrification of transportation by converting internal combustion engine (ICE) motorcycles to converted electric motorcycles (CEM) directly reduces the number of pollution sources from fossil-powered motors. In Indonesia, numerous government regulations support the commercialization of the CEM system, including the requirement for conversion workshops to be formal entities in the CEM process. Every CEM must pass a test to ensure its safety and suitability. Currently, the CEM testing process is conducted at only one location, making it inefficient and inaccessible. Therefore, most conversion workshops in Indonesia need to take investment steps in procuring CEM-type test tools. This research aims to determine the best alternative from several investment alternatives for CEM-type test tools. In selecting the investment, three criteria are considered: costs, operations, and specifications. By using the investment decision-making model, a hierarchical decision-making model is obtained, which is then processed using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the technique for order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS). Criteria are weighted to establish a priority order. The final step involves ranking the alternatives and selecting Investment 2 (INV2) as the best investment tool with a relative closeness value of 0.6279. Investment 2 has the shortest time process (40 min), the lowest electricity requirement, and the smallest dimensions. This research aims to provide recommendations for the best investment alternatives that can be purchased by the conversion workshops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a comprehensive study aimed at analysing the impact of innovative digital marketing tools on the promotion of dairy products. This study is relevant because of the rapid dynamics of the digital environment and the need for enterprises to adapt to new marketing trends. The article investigates the feasibility of using innovative digital marketing tools in accordance with the segments of the target audience on the basis of the definition of their values. The main problem is the lack of scientific justification for the choice of innovative digital marketing tools for potential audiences, as well as the analysis of the feasibility of digital marketing costs. The hypothesis of the study is that, on the basis of the analysis of the values of consumer groups, as well as the analysis of the feasibility of marketing costs, it is possible to select the most relevant innovative digital marketing tools. The main purpose of the study is to justify the use of innovative digital marketing tools on the basis of consumer values, as well as to justify the feasibility of digital marketing costs on the basis of the analysis of financial statements. The methodology included cluster analysis of the target audience and analysis of financial ratios. One of the key stages of the study was the cluster analysis of the target audience, which allowed us to identify different consumer segments with different needs and values. Three clusters of consumer audiences in the dairy industry were identified, the corresponding values of customers in the clusters were substantiated, and recommendations for identifying innovative digital marketing tools were proposed, taking into account the feasibility of the marketing costs of the enterprise. The key coefficients for making informed management decisions on the feasibility of digital marketing costs are allocated. By analysing these coefficients, an enterprise can assess its financial capabilities and make a decision on how to invest in innovative digital marketing tools. This allows enterprises to make informed decisions about investing in digital marketing, minimizing financial risk and increasing the chances of successful implementation of marketing strategies. This study significantly adds to the body of knowledge in the field of digital marketing by offering a scientifically based approach to the selection of innovative marketing tools on the basis of the analysis of consumer value and the financial feasibility of costs. The practical application of the research results lies in the ability of dairy enterprises to promote their products online on the basis of a thorough selection of innovative digital marketing tools, reducing financial risk. This creates a basis for further research in the field of digital marketing, particularly in the context of the integration of innovative digital marketing tools and their impact on consumer behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is growing evidence that soil degradation, among other factors, has led to both the decline and constraint of agriculture in southern Africa. Conservation and regenerative agriculture (CA/RA) have been proposed as a grain crop production system that could slow down, halt or even reverse some of these disturbing trends. But the question remains whether it is financially viable. We sought to find an answer to this question by comparing the financial returns of a CA/RA system over a 20-year period to its alternatives, namely conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) production systems. The cumulative free cash flow (CFCF) of the average between the realistic and conservative CA/RA scenarios in year 20 is considerably higher than that of the other systems under investigation. The CFCF for CA/RA in year 20 in Mpumalanga is estimated to be ZAR86 million, compared to -ZAR51 million for CT and about ZAR4 million for NT. That is a net difference between ZAR137 million (compared to CT) and ZAR82 million (compared to NT). In the Maluti area, the CFCF for the CA/RA production system is estimated at ZAR26 million, compared to -ZAR66 million for CT and -ZAR19 million for NT. In the North-West production area, the CFCF for the CA/RA production system is estimated at ZAR35 million, compared to -ZAR9 million for CT and about ZAR21 million for NT. The differences between the CFCF of the CA/RA system and the other systems represent the financial opportunity cost of not converting to the CA/RA system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investing in mutual funds presents a straightforward entry point into the stock market, particularly for novice investors. Regardless of one’s familiarity with stock markets or age, mutual funds offer accessible investment opportunities. However, selecting the most suitable mutual fund scheme can be challenging, given investors’ varying risk appetites and financial goals. This study aims to assist such investors grappling with scheme selection dilemmas by analysing mutual fund schemes of many types and determining which ones offer superior returns at lower risks. The research evaluates the risk and return profiles of various mutual fund schemes taken up for the study. Utilising various ratio like Jensen’s, Sharpe, and Treynor, present discussion compares the returns by considering the systematic and unsystematic risk of selected schemes within each category. The analysis spans 5 years, from April 01, 2017, to March 31, 2022, drawing data from secondary sources including Moneycontrol, journals, books, and official websites of relevant financial bodies. BNP Paribas Large Cap Fund (G) emerges as a top performer in the sphere of large cap funds according to Sharpe and Jensen’s measures, while Edelweiss Large Cap Fund-A(G) excels by Treynor ratio. Among mid cap schemes, Edelweiss Mid Cap Fund (G) consistently outperforms its peers across all evaluated ratios. In the small cap category, Axis Small Cap Fund-Regular (G) stands out for delivering the highest returns on the basis of Jensen’s, Sharpe and Treynor ratios. Ultimately, this study serves to guide investors in navigating the complexities of mutual fund selection, offering insights into which funds align best with their risk-return preferences and investment objectives. Findings reveal distinct return patterns across fund categories, with specific funds outperforming peers based on various return metrics. The study concludes that while BNP Paribas Large Cap mutual Fund (G) excels in large cap schemes, Edelweiss Mid Cap mutual Fund (G) stands out among mid cap funds, and Axis Small Cap mutual Fund-Regular (G) leads in the small cap mutual funds category. Implications suggest that investors can make informed decisions based on risk-return preferences, with large cap funds offering stability, mid cap funds providing moderate returns, and small cap funds presenting opportunities for better growth with higher risk acceptance capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: An outbreak of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) in Indonesia targeted ruminants, notably impacting dairy cows and precipitating a significant downturn in milk production during the year 2022. This research aimed to determine the financial feasibility and break-even point of post-FMD dairy farming within the Kampung Susu Lawu livestock group in Plaosan District, Magetan Regency. Methods: Employing a quantitative descriptive method, this study utilized survey techniques involving 50 dairy farmers affiliated with the Livestock Group of Kampung Susu Lawu. The data analysis encompassed investment analysis, including the Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Pay Back Period of Credit (PPC), and Break-Even Point (BEP). Results: The findings revealed a BCR value of 1.49, NPV amounting to IDR 38,888,178.00, IRR at 26.36%, PPC of 3.46 years, BEP pegged at IDR 33,043,062.00/year, and BEP based on the unit set at 7,396 liters of milk/year. Financial analysis indicated a positive NPV, a BCR exceeding 1, an IRR surpassing prevailing bank interest rates, and a PPC duration of 3.46 years, collectively affirming the financial feasibility of the dairy farming business. Conclusions: This investigation shows that the post-FMD smallholder dairy business is economically feasible. Farmers stand to accrue benefits by surpassing the production threshold of 7,396 liters of milk/year or by maintaining a herd of productive dairy cows numbering more than three. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Optimum. Economic Studies is the property of University of Bialystok and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a detrimental impact on social, political, and economic facets, precipitating substantial shifts in societal structures and economic frameworks. The pandemic has also taken a toll on the airline passenger transportation sector. During the pandemic, airline travel underwent regulation, with reduced seat capacities and a transition from wide to narrow-body aircraft. Throughout this period, airline revenues experienced a decline while expenses escalated, causing a significant imbalance between income and expenses. This imbalance led to losses in operating activities for airlines. This study investigated the impact of the pandemic on airlines' expenses. Data were collected from the 2019-2022 financial statements of Turkish Airlines (THY) and Pegasus (PGSUS), which are traded on Borsa Istanbul. The study focused on revenues, costs of sales, gross profit, general administrative expenses, marketing costs, operating profits/losses, financing costs, profits/losses before tax from continuing operations, and net period profits/losses for the financial year. Trend, vertical, and ratio analyses were performed to evaluate the findings. The results showed that the expenses of and Pegasus increased drastically during the pandemic. Their revenues started to rise in 2021 and increased drastically in 2022. While they suffered losses due to high expenses during the pandemic, they showed a better profitability performance in 2022 than before the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to determine whether the covid 19 pandemic affected the bankruptcy of companies for which insolvency proceedings were initiated, or whether it was detectable from their financial statements that the companies were headed for bankruptcy even before the covid 19 pandemic. Part of the research was an evaluation of the economic status of the investigated companies using selected prediction models, i.e. financial analysis tools, from 2016 to 2021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Financing is the property of Financing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Urban and regional planning in developing and developed countries faces many challenges, among them lacking support of stakeholders. Geodesign is a new approach in the framework of Public Participatory Geographic Information Systems addressing this problem. While Geodesign works have been carried out throughout the world they were separated from economic analysis. In this project, two different development scenarios for Harran District located in Southeast Turkey were elaborated using Geodesign methodology. Due to the importance of this region for agricultural production and its potential for tourism, the focus of this work lies on these sectors. The included financial analysis revealed the huge benefits of a scenario adopting early environmentally friendly technologies. The Net Present Value could be eight times higher if a conversion to orchards on some lands were realized. To streamline the computation of financial benefits on a strategic level an extension to the used GeodesignHub software was developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of the article is to empirically assess the benchmarks for the quick ratio (QR) commonly provided in the Polish literature. The article challenges the suggestion of a single benchmark despite a country’s and industry’s uniqueness. It concentrates on the Polish-German setting because of the intensive cooperation between the two countries. Research Design & Methods: Apart from reviewing and critiquing the existing literature, the article presents the results of empirical analysis. The research sample comprised 998 710 Polish firm-years and 1 579 619 German ones. Data was retrieved from the Orbis Database for going concern, non-financial firms from 2013 to 2022. Research methods comprised analyses of distributions, including descriptive statistics and histograms, parametric and nonparametric ANOVA, and trend analysis. Findings: The analysis shows that the benchmark for the quick ratio depends on the country, industry, period, and firm size. Standards should be drawn from quartiles instead of the arithmetic mean because of the high variability of QR. The range for QR is respectively wide. For Poland, it ranges from 0.6 (the first quartile) to 2.7 (the third quartile), with a median of 1.2 for the total sample. For Germany, it ranges from 0.7 (the first quartile) to 3.9 (the third quartile), with a median of 1.6. Benchmarks vary annually in Poland and Germany. Medians and third quartiles increase over time. They grow faster in Germany. There are substantial between-industry differences in both countries. The pattern of these differences is unique to a country. The size of the firm negatively influences the desired liquidity level in both countries. Implications & Recommendations: Because of substantive between-country, industry, period, and firm size differences in benchmarks, analysts and investors must be sensitive to the standards they use in assessing investment opportunities. A shock in the economy increases risk and, hence, benchmarks. Contribution & Value Added: The article’s main contribution is the empirical verification of benchmarks for the quick ratio provided in the Polish literature. Analysts should not trust theoretical concepts when looking for benchmarks. They must compare the firm’s financial standing with that of other firms from the same country, industry, period, and of a similar size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the varying levels of financial and non-financial information disclosure among firms in the European Union, specifically focusing on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange (FSE) and Bucharest Stock Exchange (BSE). The research uses comprehensive datasets to evaluate the extent and quality of disclosures, assessing their compliance with EU directives and international standards. The analysis incorporates a quantitative method to provide a nuanced understanding of disclosure practices. Key findings highlight significant disparities in disclosure levels between FSEs and BSEs, driven by differences in regulatory environments, market pressures, and organizational characteristics. The study concludes with recommendations for policymakers and corporate managers to enhance transparency and promote uniform disclosure standards across the EU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aerobic composting of food waste (FW) from rural China using a composting device results in a substantial financial burden on the government. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of mitigating this cost using vermicomposting of composted FW. The specific aims were to elucidate the effects of composted FW on earthworm growth and reproduction, reveal the changes in the physical and chemical properties of earthworm casts during vermicomposting, identify the microbial community structure associated with vermicomposting, and perform a financial analysis based on the yield of earthworms and earthworm casts. Mixing composted FW and mature cow dung in an equal ratio achieved the highest earthworm reproduction rate, where 100 adult earthworms produced 567 juvenile earthworms and 252 cocoons in 40 d. Earthworms reduce salt content of vermicomposting substrates by assimilating Na+ and promoting humification by transforming humin into humic and fulvic acid, thus producing earthworm casts with a high generation index > 80%. When composted FW was added to a vermicomposting substrate, a distinctive microbial community structure with alkaliphilic, halophilic, and lignocellulolytic microorganisms dominated the microflora. The dominant bacterial species was Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula, and the dominant fungal species changed from Kernia nitida to Coprinopsis scobicola. Furthermore, microbial genes for refractory organic matter and fat degradation were observed in Vibrio cholerae, Kernia nitida, and Coprinopsis scobicola. Financial analysis showed that vermicomposting has the potential to reduce the cost associated with FW disposal from $ 57 to $ 18/t. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textile industries play a vital role in the economy of Bangladesh contributing significantly to its gross domestic product. However, they are associated with high environmental pollution, especially water pollution. Since small‐scale textile industries cannot afford the treatment cost of discharged wastewater, they tend to contaminate water sources—both groundwater and surface water. To intervene in response to this situation, the existing treatment system was assessed in the present study. The effluents from industries under this research were analyzed for color, pH, TSS, TDS, chlorides, sulfates, COD, BOD, and total hardness. A Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) with zero liquid discharge was suggested as a solution. It was observed that the water recovery in the proposed scheme by reverse osmosis and salt recovery using nanofiltration were 90%–95% and 80%–90%, respectively. Cost analysis also indicated that the cost of treating water can also be decreased by 18.7% which can show that water recovery is even more affordable for small‐scale industries. Finally, a linear programming model was developed to assist the industries with decision‐making in the selection of treatment schemes. This research revealed that a CETP using zero liquid discharge technology is a potential solution to the environmental crisis due to industrial wastewater discharge. This could ensure reduced water pollution, increased drinking water availability, improved public health, and thus could be a potential driver for environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hitit Journal of Economics & Politics / Hitit Ekonomi ve Politika Dergisi is the property of Hitit Journal of Economics & Politics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)