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Migration continues to emerge as a significant issue in the present day, extending beyond its historical context. This phenomenon not only forms a broad spectrum of impact in social, economic, and cultural realms but also holds notable consequences in the realm of education. Migration, on one hand, has the potential to stimulate cultural interaction, enhancing diversity in knowledge and experience. On the other hand, immigrant individuals may encounter early challenges such as educational inequalities or negative attitudes. This intricate relationship between migration and education contributes to cultural development while simultaneously bringing about areas of societal conflict. Understanding the effects of migration on the younger generation falls within the responsibilities of Psychological Counseling and Guidance (PCG) teachers. These educators aim to support students' academic, personal, social, and emotional development, particularly addressing the challenges posed by the education of immigrant students in the context of social diversity. Research on understanding the attitudes among school stakeholders towards immigrant students contributes valuable insights to this field. In this context, the study is an original work focusing on the perspectives of PCG teachers concerning the attitudes of other stakeholders in schools with immigrant students in private schools. Conducted using qualitative research methods and the phenomenology design, the study involved 12 PCG teachers working in private schools in Gaziantep, Kilis, and Mersin, which are among Turkey's cities experiencing significant migration. Data collected through interviews were analyzed using content analysis. The findings revealed that, overall, teachers and students in private schools with immigrant students tended to have a positive attitude, while parents held a negative outlook. A collective evaluation of all data suggests a notably positive perception and attitude toward immigrant students.

Technological advances and the COVID-19 pandemic have led to a significant paradigm shift in the field of education, especially in the field of distance education. In this period, although distance education offers a number of advantages to its users, it has also brought some difficulties. This sudden transition has had a profound impact on students, teachers, and institutions, leading to changes in teaching methods, assessment practices, and student engagement strategies. This study aims to investigate the problems that arise in the distance education process and to examine the effects of these problems on students in detail. A qualitative approach is considered ideal since it enables deeper understanding of experiences of university students during distance education. Convenience sampling was chosen because it provided easy access for the researchers and allowed the inclusion of participants who met the required criteria. The participants consisted of 37 people, 28 girls and 9 boys, who had experienced the distance education and were studying in the Psychological Counselling and Guidance programme in the second year of a state university located in the Aegean region of Türkiye. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using content analysis and thematic analysis methods. According to the findings of the study, the problems encountered by the students in the distance education process were listed under the following main themes: technological problems, problems related to the monitoring and evaluation of the course, motivation problems, emotional and physical problems, communication problems, problems related to domestic and environmental factors, feeling of professional inadequacy. In addition, students' suggestions for solutions to these problems and their opinions about whether they prefer face-to-face or online education were also discussed. As a result, the study offers suggestions for educational institutions and educators to overcome the difficulties encountered in distance education and to make the experience a positive one.

In the current study, an engineering design-based STEM activity was designed and implemented for 5th graders. The current activity is expected to provide guidance and perspective to teachers (practitioners) in designing and implementing an activity based on design-based learning, STEM activity, and engineering design process (EDP). At the same time, during the implementation of the activity, teachers and students experienced a STEM activity based on the EDP. In the fall semester of the 2022-2023 academic year, this STEM activity based on the engineering design process was planned for Friction force and water resistance in the 5th-grade middle school science course. Then, the activity was implemented in a class of 21 students. The activity was implemented in three class hours. This activity, titled "Let's Design a Water Slide Boat," aimed at designing a water slide boat that would be least affected by water resistance and friction force to improve students' engineering and design skills. This activity was based on NGSS and the objectives and outcomes set in the 5th-grade science curriculum of the Turkish Ministry of National Education.

We used an adapted alternating treatments design to compare the effects of traditional and embedded discrete trial teaching (DTT) with adults with autism. Traditional DTT consisted of the instructor presenting a discriminative stimulus to start each trial ("Point to___"), implementing a prompt (i.e., manual guidance), and providing reinforcement (i.e., praise and token) for correct responding. Embedded DTT consisted of presenting this same trial structure within an ongoing activity (e.g., playing bean bag toss). The percentage of correct responses improved with the introduction of both types of DTT; however, for both participants, embedded DTT showed faster acquisition (i.e., fewer trials to criterion) but longer session durations than traditional DTT. Participants showed more positive affect during embedded DTT and chose it more often relative to traditional DTT. These results replicated and extended the results of Geiger et al. ("Behav Anal Pract" 5(2):49-59, 2012. 10.1007/bf03391823) and have implications for considering participant assent and interest in ABA-based instruction.

The promotion and tenure process is complicated and fraught with complicated criteria and guidance, secrecy in evaluations, and at times questionable outcomes. Moreover, higher education is experiencing a reduction and elimination of tenure tracks. Faculty members have numerous competing demands and struggle to find time to organize daunting materials for review. Inspired by communities of practice, promotion accountability groups were created to help faculty members navigate the process. The PAG demonstrates a 100% success rate, but most importantly demystifies information, reaffirms faculty contributions, and acknowledges the realities of navigating academia for minoritized faculty while confessing the complexity of the system.

Initial vocational training (VT) in high school consists of short-term programs leading to employment in a skilled trade. To better align training with employment opportunities and to encourage students to stay in the programs until they graduate, most programs include traineeship. Since traineeships involve acquiring skills directly on the job, they require greater involvement of supervisors to guide the trainees. Given the importance of on-the-job guidance in achieving traineeship objectives, this study examines the potential influence of three dimensions of guidance provided by traineeship supervisors -- planning, support, and training -- on students' job perception (i.e., occupational image) and traineeship satisfaction. Overall, the results provide mixed results, partially supporting the mediation hypothesis suggested by the results of previous studies. Indeed, the results reveal that the quality of the training offered by the supervisor affects subsequent students' satisfaction with traineeship experience. Training has an indirect effect on satisfaction via the occupational image held by students. However, the expected indirect links between the other two dimensions of supervisor guidance -- degree of planning and support perceived by the student -- and the students' image of their chosen occupation could not be confirmed. The results support the importance of providing quality on-the-job training to students during their studies.

Recital 33 GDPR has often been interpreted as referring to 'broad consent'. This version of informed consent was intended to allow data subjects to provide their consent for certain areas of research, or parts of research projects, conditional to the research being in line with 'recognised ethical standards'. In this article, we argue that broad consent is applicable in the emerging field of Computational Social Science (CSS), which lies at the intersection of data science and social science. However, the lack of recognised ethical standards specific to CSS poses a practical barrier to the use of broad consent in this field and other fields that lack recognised ethical standards. Upon examining existing research ethics standards in social science and data science, we argue that they are insufficient for CSS. We further contend that the fragmentation of European Union (EU) law and research ethics sources makes it challenging to establish universally recognised ethical standards for scientific research. As a result, CSS researchers and other researchers in emerging fields that lack recognised ethical standards are left without sufficient guidance on the use of broad consent as provided for in the GDPR. We conclude that responsible EU bodies should provide additional guidance to facilitate the use of broad consent in CSS research.

Background: Healthcare professionals (HCPs) have a responsibility to conduct assessments of decision-making capacity that comply with the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA). Current best-practice guidance, such as the Mental Capacity Code of Practice and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence decision-making and mental capacity guidance, does not stipulate how to accomplish this in practice, for example, what questions should be asked, how options and information should be provided. In addition, HCPs struggle to assess the capacity of individuals with communication difficulties. Aims: This study was a service evaluation that aimed to objectively analyse, using Conversation Analysis (CA), how real-life capacity assessments were conducted in a hospital setting with patients with acquired brain injury (ABI)-related communication difficulties. A second aim was to establish the feasibility of using CA to advance knowledge of the conduct of capacity assessment. Methods & Procedures: Four naturally occurring capacity assessments were video-recorded. Recordings involved speech and language therapists, occupational therapists, neuropsychologists and patients with communication difficulties as a result of ABI. The methods and findings of CA were used to investigate the interactional behaviours of HCPs and patients during assessments of decision-making capacity. The analysis was informed by our knowledge of the MCA best practice guidance. Outcomes & Results: An overall structure of capacity assessment that enacted some of the best-practice MCA guidance was identified in one recording, consisting of six phases: (i) opening, (ii) preparation, (iii) option-listing, (iv) test, (v) decision, and (vi) close. The preparation phase consisted of two sub-components: information gathering and information giving. Variation from this structure was observed across the dataset, notably in the way in which options were (or were not) presented. Conclusions & Implications: CA is a feasible empirical method for exploring the structure and conduct of capacity assessments. CA identifies and provides ways of describing interactional behaviours that align with and diverge from best-practice MCA guidance. Future CA studies including a wider range of health and social care professionals and patients have the potential to inform evidence based training for HCPs who conduct assessments of decision-making capacity.

In natural science education, experiments often lead to the collection of raw data that need to be processed into results by doing calculations. Teaching students how to approach such calculations can be done using digital learning materials that provide guidance. The goal of this study was to investigate students' behaviour regarding the use of guidance while doing scientific multi-step calculations, and to relate this behaviour to learning. Sequential pattern mining was used to (i) identify students' behaviour patterns while doing calculations in an online learning environment, (ii) study the relation between use of guidance and success on first attempt at submitting a calculated value, (iii) study the relation between students' use of guidance and learning gain, and (iv) study the relation between students' use of guidance and prior knowledge. Data showed that all students frequently used the guidance provided in the learning task. Moreover, students who used the option to check their intermediate calculations and students who studied worked examples were more likely to successfully complete the calculation on their first attempt than students who did not use this guidance. Guidance in the form of hints was used frequently. However, using the hints did not result in more success at the first attempt. We did not find a relation between learning gain and use of guidance, but we did find a trend that students with a low prior knowledge used more guidance compared to students with a high prior knowledge. The results of this study imply that providing hints and intermediate calculations is of utmost importance for students to independently complete scientific multi-step calculations.

Inquiry includes a broad spectrum of approaches, depending on students' responsibility over the process and the extent of the teacher's guidance. While numerous studies have examined students' achievements and engagement across different types of inquiry-based environments, analyses of teachers' guidance during the process are lacking. Therefore, our overarching goal was to examine the interplay between characteristics of the inquiry-based environment and teacher's just-in-time support. Specifically, we examined the learning processes and achievements of middle-school students as they collaboratively engaged in either a "structured" or a "guided" inquiry-based task and were supported by their teacher. "Structuring" scaffolds were designed to support the structured inquiry task, while "problematizing" scaffolds were designed to support the guided inquiry task. Post-test scores indicated a similar significant increase in students' scientific understanding for both research conditions, despite significant differences in students' engagement in metacognitive processes during their scientific trials. Students from the guided inquiry group engaged in longer discussions and made more references to metacognitive processes, in comparison to students from the structured inquiry group. A low to moderate correlation between students' engagement in metacognitive processes and test-scores was identified. The teacher's regulation of students' discourse in the structured inquiry group was significantly greater than in the guided inquiry group, though the nature of regulation was similar. We propose that the teacher's regulation of students' metacognitive discourse outweighed the differences between students' learning processes in the two learning environments, resulting in similar achievements in the two conditions albeit differences in metacognitive engagement. Implications are discussed.

As an important resource in online learning, video lectures have attracted considerable research attention in the impact of teachers' nonverbal guidance behaviors on learning. However, few studies have focused on secondary education, and it remains unclear whether the interaction between different guidance frequencies and types leads to variations in the effectiveness of guidance. This study tested the mutual effects of instructor's guidance frequency and type on secondary school students' learning performance (retention scores, transfer scores) and affective experiences (cognitive load, learning experience, learning satisfaction). A total of 202 secondary school students were randomly assigned to watch one of the four video lectures, using a 2 (guidance frequency: low-frequency guidance, high-frequency guidance) × 2 (guidance type: gesture guidance, gesture + gaze guidance) between-groups design. The study was conducted in a multimedia classroom setting. The results showed that low-frequency guidance by instructors contributed to improved learning performance. Specifically, under low-frequency guidance conditions, gesture guidance was more effective in enhancing retention, while gesture + gaze guidance facilitated learners' transfer. Moreover, low-frequency gesture + gaze guidance by teachers resulted in better affective experiences for students, as evident in cognitive load, learning experience, and learning satisfaction. Therefore, it is recommended that instructors lecturing for secondary students adopt appropriate types of low-frequency guidance according to the level of learning difficulty to improve teaching effectiveness.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the United States' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) created guidance documents that were too complex to be read and understood by the majority of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities who often read at or below a third-grade reading level. This study explored the extent to which these adults could read and understand CDC documents simplified using Minimised Text Complexity Guidelines. Method: This study involved 20 participants, 18-48 years of age. Participants read texts and responded to multiple-choice items and open-ended questions to gather information about how they interacted with and understood the texts. Results: The results provide initial evidence that the Minimised Text Complexity Guidelines resulted in texts that participants could read and understand. Conclusion: Implications for increasing the accessibility of public health information so that it can be read and understood by adults with extremely low literacy skills are discussed.

The main aim of this research is to present an evaluation tool for the Network of Schools for Sustainability in Catalonia, which comprises 18 networks with more than 1400 schools. The secondary aim is to reflect on the construction process conducted. The tool was constructed following the tenets of constructivist evaluation by Guba and Lincoln, which is characterized by the engagement of multiple voices from a range of stakeholders, using a consecutive hermeneutic dialectical process, understood as a negotiation among participants. To ensure these processes, in the construction of the tool the fourth authenticity evaluation criteria were followed. The main outcome of the project is an evaluation tool composed of 25 criteria which are divided into 5 dimensions: Structure of the Network, Training Offering, Collaboration with External Stakeholders, Guidance of the Networks and Communication. Some transversal areas could be seen in the tool, such as the role of evaluation and the involvement of stakeholders from the school, which represent areas of special relevance for the participants in the process.

A system of climate learning includes students, educators, administrators, educational leaders, community members, and others across different contexts and from diverse lived experiences. As people begin to foster climate learning within these systems, the work of drawing people together in this work can seem daunting. However, the lessons from the Washington state ClimeTime effort can provide some practical guidance for this type of work. This paper explores specific types of roles that can be fostered within a system to promote climate learning as well as identified supports that need to be built to sustain such work.

In a successful middle school, school counselors support young adolescents' academic progress and personal wellbeing through a variety of methods. Classroom instruction, or classroom guidance, offers one method of providing such support and features the benefit of allowing middle grades school counselors to reach all students in their schools. However, school counselors often face challenges in designing effective classroom instruction that causes deep, long-term learning and allows students to apply new concepts or skills to their own lives. To achieve lasting learning of key mindsets and behaviors, school counselors' lesson planning must be rooted in the science of how people learn. This article presents four research-based "laws of learning" that will help middle level school counselors avoid creating classroom instruction lessons with unintended barriers to learning in the form of strategies that contradict learning science.

The prime purpose of the current research is to explore the impact of training and development programs for University library professionals in Sri Lanka. The research adopted the quantitative research method, where the data were collected through a structured questionnaire from 132 respondents. The collected data were analyzed using MS-Excel and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), where the descriptive statistics, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), correlation, and regression analysis were carried out and showed significant results. The analysis finding revealed that the training and development programs have a constructive impact on organizational performance. Also, the findings revealed a significant relationship between training and development and organizational development and self-development. The paper emphasizes the requirement of training and development programs for the library staff in the University libraries of Sri Lanka. The research findings would proffer useful guidance for organizations in Sri Lanka to offer better library services.

This article explores the dynamics of inter-generational conversations between queer and trans youth and queer and trans adults through an analysis of a routine segment on the reality show, RuPaul's Drag Race. At the end of each season, the drag queen contestants are asked to give a piece of advice to photos of their younger selves and, by proxy, the young people who may be watching the show from home. This article positions this segment as a pedagogical moment where the queens are forced into the role of teacher. However, like the categories of child and youth, RuPaul's request of the queens is not as innocent as it appears. In turning to address children directly, the queens must reckon with cis-heteronormative expectations of how adults can speak to children, about what topics can be discussed, and the tones such conversation must take. To explore these issues, the article examines this segment alongside scholarship about drag and ballroom cultures to place the show within larger contexts of queer and trans kinship structures. Then, turning to queer and trans studies in education and queer and trans childhood and youth studies, the essay examines the factors impacting how and when queer and trans youth and adults are allowed to be in conversation with youth, if at all.

Educational guidance counsellors' wellbeing at work was studied based on the circumplex model of occupational wellbeing. The main aim was to identify what kind of occupational wellbeing profiles (OWP) representing different levels and combinations of burnout, work engagement, workaholism and job satisfaction existed in this group. Data were collected via e-surveys in two separate samples: Sample 1 in 2019 (n = 211) and Sample 2 baseline in 2020 (n = 343) and follow-up in 2021 (n = 176). Latent profile analysis revealed altogether three OWPs: Satisfied-Engaged (68% in 2019, 53% in 2020, 56% in 2021), Workaholic-Engaged (28%, 42%, 33%) and Burned-out (4%, 5%, 11%). In addition, results concerning Sample 2 with a longitudinal design showed a decline in occupational well-being during the COVID-19.

Work climate affects the quality of early childhood education and care activities. The aim was to explore how the staff describe demands and resources in their jobs, and whether different profiles could be distinguished among those with turnover intentions and those without. The research was based on the Job Demands-Resources model [Bakker, A. B., and E. Demerouti. 2007. "The Job Demands-Resources model: State of the art.' "Journal of Managerial Psychology 22" (3): 309-328]. The study used a mixed-methods approach. The results showed that the profiles of those with turnover intentions and those without were similar in terms of perceived resources, but that they differed in terms of perceived demands. Those with turnover intentions reported more aspects related to work demands (e.g. workload, number of children, low pay). The findings also showed that work guidance and support from leaders and special education teachers were linked to turnover intentions. This research improves our knowledge of risk factors related to turnover intentions and can contribute to the development of high-quality working conditions.

Purpose: This paper aims to explore how critical digital and data literacies are facilitated by testing different methods in the classroom, with the ambition to find a pedagogical framework for prompting sustained critical literacies. Design/methodology/approach: This contribution draws on a 10-year set of critical pedagogy experiments conducted in Denmark, USA and Italy, and engaging more than 1,500 young adults. Multi-method pedagogical design trains students to conduct self-oriented guided autoethnography, situational analysis, allegorical mapping, and critical infrastructure analysis. Findings: The techniques of guided autoethnography for facilitating sustained data literacy rely on inviting multiple iterations of self-analysis through sequential prompts, whereby students move through stages of observation, critical thinking, critical theory-informed critique around the lived experience of hegemonic data and artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructures. Research limitations/implications: Critical digital/data literacy researchers should continue to test models for building sustained critique that not only facilitate changes in behavior over time but also facilitate citizen social science, whereby participants use these autoethnographic techniques with friends and families to build locally relevant critique of the hegemonic power of data/AI infrastructures. Originality/value: The proposed literacy model adopts a critical theory stance and shows the value of using multiple modes of intervention at micro and macro levels to prompt self-analysis and meta-level reflexivity for learners. This framework places critical theory at the center of the pedagogy to spark more radical stances, which is contended to be an essential step in moving students from attitudinal change to behavioral change.

Never has the domain of sports coaching been so inundated with "secondary information." In high-performance contexts, for example, coaches are routinely presented with detailed reports specifying features about an athlete's or team's performance. Here, we question whether such detailed secondary information has led us to know "too much," obscuring what the world has to share "directly" with us. To over-rely on secondary information is to narrow in on certainty, on cause-effects that are oft-espoused through de-contextualised 'performance' tests and metrics. This indirect approach eschews opening up to uncertainty, to ongoing inquiry embedded in primary experience. For where certainty risks closures, uncertainty opens to the possibility of carrying on with and alongside others. We explore this thesis through the reflections of an Olympic Canoe Slalom coach, meandering through three sections: (i) on paying attention; (ii) on knowing better; (iii) on guidance without specification. In presenting this thesis, we hope to encourage others -- in sports coaching and beyond -- to embrace an ethos of "not"-knowing, opening up to the 'goings on' of what interests them, actively attending and directly responding with genuine care and curiosity. Indeed, while embracing an ethos of not-knowing can be unsettling, vulnerably exposing oneself to changing power relations in a world perpetually on the move, it can facilitate primary experience of the surrounding ecology. The accompanying growth of responsiveness to one's surroundings emerges from "listening" to what it has share, joining in conversation to find ways of carrying on. It is in this responsiveness, we contend, that a wisdom can be found; a "wisdom of not-knowing."

Universities face an uncertain funding environment and turbulent marketplace. Financial scenario modelling offers a potential mechanism to assist in navigating a way forward. Our previous paper on UK universities' practice found some variation in the sophistication of the approaches taken, but the overall impression was of a relatively simple approach, with spreadsheets generally viewed as having sufficient functionality to meet current strategic needs. This subsequent paper offers guidance on the construction of financial scenario models. It addresses the key variables that universities may wish to include, and it offers advice on how models might be formulated and evolve. The characteristics of differing approaches taken by universities in meeting their own scenario modelling requirements are explored by identifying three forms of model: basic, intermediate and advanced. The contribution of this paper is to enable universities, in the UK and beyond, to evaluate and improve their own financial scenario modelling practices.

Purpose: The number of universities offering Master of Translation and Interpreting (MTI) in China has increased to 316 in 15 years. This paper aims to take a closer look at the production patterns of experimental report theses in terms of total number, distribution across universities, supervision model and research content, reflects on the problems and suggests improvements, provides a reference for MTI education in China and beyond. Design/methodology/approach: This paper presents a bibliometric analysis of the published final theses of experimental reports for the MTI in China between the years 2012 and 2022, the period during which this type of thesis was produced, to identify the production patterns of these theses. Findings: The number of experimental reports published by the nine leading universities accounts for 80% of the total 296 papers. The uneven development is also reflected in the supervision model and research content. Most universities can structure the main content of theses according to the suggestions of the MTI Guidance Training Outline. However, there are still deficiencies in the areas of experimental design, experimental validity, research questions and academic standards. Originality/value: This paper reflects on the problems of MTI theses of experimental reports. Also, suggestions are made for linking top-level design and university education, for joint progress in faculty development and talent training and for integrating industrial aspects and international visions, to provide a reference for MTI education in China and beyond.

Paraprofessionals have increasingly served as a support service for students with disabilities. Yet, scholars have urged caution in the overuse of assigning paraprofessional supports. Furthermore, it is unclear how states provide guidance to local stakeholders in determining the best use of paraprofessionals. Thus, in this study, we conducted a state-by-state analysis of documents depicting guidance for paraprofessional supports. We identified states that offered comprehensive frameworks to support practitioners while allowing teams to maintain the autonomy to make decisions on a case-by-case basis. However, we also found that few states offered guidance, particularly with regard to navigating tensions between student need and potential risks. We rely on a Disability Studies framework to discuss implications for policy, practice, and future research, particularly in how states might provide robust guidance that assists schools in building an accommodating and inclusive environment rather than focusing solely on student characteristics framed as deficits.

Evaluating evidence and restructuring beliefs based on anomalous evidence are fundamental aspects of scientific reasoning. These skills can be challenging for both children and adults, especially in domains where they possess inaccurate prior beliefs that can interfere with the acquisition of correct scientific information (e.g., heavier objects fall faster than light ones). Across two experiments, we examined the additive benefit of combining explanations with guided activities to promote conceptual change. In Experiment 1 (N = 238), 4- and 5-year-olds were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: guidance with explanations, guidance only, or baseline. The guided conditions varied only in the presence or absence of conceptual information (i.e., explanation about gravity). Pre- and posttest measures showed that children's predictions improved from both guided conditions compared to the baseline condition but did not significantly differ from each other. Experiment 2 (N = 80, 5-year-olds) included a delay test and assessed children's learning through the justification of their predictions. Although children's performance at the immediate posttest improved in both conditions, in the guidance only, children's performance returned to the pretest levels of understanding after the delay. Children in the guidance with explanations condition had greater understanding at posttest, retained this understanding long term, and transferred it to objects with the same weight. These findings highlight the role of explanations in aiding children's long-term learning from anomalous evidence in guided activities.

Drawing on leader-member exchange (LMX) theory, this study constructed a theoretical model to deeply explore the mechanism and boundary conditions of the relationship between supervisor developmental feedback (SDF) and postgraduate student creativity in academic organizations. Using multi-wave and multi-source data collected from 445 supervisor-student dyads at three time points, this study empirically examined the hypothesized model. Results showed that (a) LMX mediates the relationship between SDF and postgraduate student creativity, (b) job complexity moderates the relationship between SDF and LMX, and (c) perceived organizational support for creativity moderates the relationship between LMX and postgraduate student creativity. The findings have implications for how academic supervisors can use feedback to cultivate postgraduate student creativity, and the need for academic organizations to design job and organizational environment to support the cultivation of student creativity.

With the onset of COVID-19, school districts were forced to rapidly engage in planning and development of resources for remote instruction during spring of the 2020 school year, and many special education professionals reported difficulties meeting student needs. In order to portrait the initial challenges and concerns related to remote instruction faced by these professionals, data were collected from a Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) public forum from March 7 to April 21 of 2020. Content analysis method was used to determine themes related to challenges with meeting the needs of students with special needs and resources utilized to overcome these challenges. From 638 entries, five major issues were identified: (a) challenges with using instructional technologies appropriately, (b) students' engagement, (c) collaboration with families, (d) exacerbated inequity, and (e) needs for clear guidance during a crisis. Areas of improvement and future implications for remote learning for special education are discussed.

Although the thesis is an integral part of the study programme, the way the guidance for this work is supervised can highly differ between supervisors. Writing the thesis is a complicated process requiring tailored guidance, that is often not feasible due to increasing numbers of students and need for efficiency. One possible solution is working with thesis circles: small collaborative groups in which students, together with one or more supervisors, conduct research on the same subject or theme. Thesis circles offer opportunities for self-regulated learning, (peer) feedback and prevention of feelings of loneliness. In this study we construct a typology for thesis circles aimed at supervisors following an Educational Design Research (EDR) approach. Based on a literature review and interviews, we formulate the boundaries of a thesis circle and identify 23 design characteristics that determine an instantiation of a thesis circle. This is developed into a typology, that is evaluated in a focus group. Avenues for future research are presented.

The fast-changing world of work has justified the need for contemporary, accessible and inclusive models of lifelong guidance, underpinned by principles of social justice and equity, that meet a range of needs, and have the ambition of leaving no one behind. While guidance provision is widely available across most education systems, guidance for the labour force is less accessible and often fragmented, varying in quality, scope, evidence-base and practice. For services to be fully effective adult and employment guidance practice must find ways to transfer knowledge and experiences of the daily practice of guidance, to advance professional learning and development, and ensure its assimilation into practice and policy for the benefit of clients. Drawing on qualitative data, this paper illustrates the role of praxis in informing a new model of employment guidance, the MEEG, and the challenges for adult guidance practice within activation-oriented public employment systems.

The purpose of this article is to explore the guidance of college students' mental health and the construction of social environment based on ideological education, so as to improve the level of college students' mental health. Firstly, the universality, types, and causes of college students' mental health problems are analyzed, and the seriousness and urgency of college students' mental health problems are pointed out. Then, it analyzes the influence of social environment on college students' mental health and points out the importance and influencing factors of social environment on college students' mental health. Finally, it puts forward the measures of mental health guidance and social environment construction for college students based on ideological education, including establishing mental health service mechanism, strengthening social environment construction, and promoting the publicity of college students' mental health knowledge.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to support potential users of thematic analysis (as outlined by Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke). Researchers with the intention of applying thematic analysis are advised to consider the theoretical framework of their work and how differing ontological and epistemological standpoints influences their approach to thematic analysis. Design/methodology/approach: This paper considers aspects of the work that has been done around thematic analysis to guide future potential users. The flexibility, recipe-like use and ease of thematic analysis are discussed, along with guidance being offered to avoid the seemingly common trip hazards of navigating the approach. Findings: Users of thematic analysis seemingly continue to cite Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis whilst repeatedly contradicting the guidance of their work. Practical implications: Readers of this paper that intend on using thematic analysis will be redirect to further learning, personal reflection and adjustments to the way in which they engage with, utilise and report their qualitative work using Braun and Clarke's approach to thematic analysis. Social implications: It is possible that past research that has been reported as using Braun and Clarke's approach to thematic analysis has been misinterpreted, misunderstood and misused. This as a result of researchers potentially having failed to embrace the need to engage in reflexive, epistemological and ontologically clear processes during the use of thematic analysis. Originality/value: While Braun and Clarke's approach to thematic analysis seems to have developed a significant level of popularity and use, the finer but impactful understanding of the approach has been overlooked. Other work has been done in relation to thematic analysis but there has not been anything to support thinking and learning around the suitable, accurate and knowledgeable use of the approach.