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The ambition to utilize agricultural by-products has spotlighted tomato leaves as a promising source for plant-based proteins. High-yielding protein extractability is key for its industrial use, but previous studies reported decreased protein extractability at later stages of plant development. This study investigated the underlying factors in protein extractability through a comprehensive proteomics analysis across four plant developmental stages (vegetative, flowering, fruit-forming, mature-fruit). The findings linked reduced yields to a shift in leaf function, from anabolic to catabolic processes and (a)biotic stress responses. This functional shift is accompanied by decreased protein synthesis and increased protein degradation, leading to an overall decrease of the soluble protein fraction. Furthermore, incomplete extraction of soluble proteins from leaves of later developmental stages, suggested the presence of inhibitory molecules hindering the extraction process. These findings indicate that breeding strategies towards increased amounts of soluble proteins and reduced concentration of inhibitory molecules could enhance protein extraction yields.

Given the importance of negativity and conflict in political news, it is assumed that politicians strategically seek conflict or emphasize negativity to secure media coverage. Existing research investigating politicians’ self-mediatization relies on surveys or content analyses, and we have, therefore, little in-depth insight into how politicians navigate the news media’s strong focus on conflict and negativity. Addressing this gap, we conducted 31 interviews with Dutch MPs. Our findings reveal that while MPs recognize the media’s impact on the political realm and fellow politicians, their own adaptation to the media’s preference for negativity and conflict is a strategic and deliberate choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]