Search

[Display omitted] Exploiting the photoelectrode materials with broad solar light response, high-efficient separation of photogenerated charges and abundant active sites is extremely vital yet enormously challenging. Herein, an innovative two-dimensional (2D) lateral anatase-rutile TiO 2 phase junctions with controllable oxygen vacancies perpendicularly aligned on Ti mesh is presented. Our experimental observations and theoretical calculations corroborate explicitly that the 2D lateral phase junctions together with three-dimensional arrays not only exhibit the high-efficient photogenerated charges separation guaranteed by the build-in electric field at the side-to-side interface, but also furnish enriching active sites. Moreover, the interfacial oxygen vacancies generate new defect energy levels and serve as electron donors, hence extending visible light response and further accelerating the separation and transfer of photogenerated charges. Profiting from these merits, the optimized photoelectrode yield a pronounced photocurrent density of 1.2 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE with Faradic efficiency of 100%, which is approximately 2.4 times larger than that of pristine 2D TiO 2 nanosheets. Furthermore, the incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of the optimized photoelectrode is also boosted within both ultraviolet and visible light regions. This research is envisioned deliver the new insight in developing the novel 2D lateral phase junctions for PEC applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Seven new IDTs were isolated from the marine-derived fungus. • Compounds 1 and 2 are two novel IDTs featuring different skeletons. • Compound 1 acted as a noncompetitive inhibitor against PTP1B. • Compounds 4 , 8 , and 22 showed potent anti-inflammatory effects. Seven new indole-diterpenoids, penpaxilloids A–E (1 – 5), 7-methoxypaxilline-13-ene (6), and 10-hydroxy-paspaline (7), along with 20 known ones (8 – 27), were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. ZYX-Z-143. Among them, compound 1 was a spiro indole-diterpenoid bearing a 2,3,3a,5-tetrahydro-1 H -benzo[ d ]pyrrolo[2,1– b ][1,3]oxazin-1-one motif. Compound 2 was characterized by a unique heptacyclic system featuring a rare 3,6,8-trioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane unit. The structures of the new compounds were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses, NMR calculations coupled with the DP4 + analysis, and ECD calculations. The plausible biogenetic pathway of two unprecedented indole diterpenoids, penpaxilloids A and B (1 and 2), was postulated. Compound 1 acted as a noncompetitive inhibitor against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) with IC 50 value of 8.60 ± 0.53 μM. Compound 17 showed significant α -glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC 50 value of 19.96 ± 0.32 μM. Moreover, compounds 4 , 8 , and 22 potently suppressed nitric oxide production on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Eight new lanostane triterpenoids and eighteen known ones were isolated from Ganoderma weberianum. • Two compounds inhibited glucagon-induced hepatic glucose production in HepG2 cells. • Four compounds showed significant inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase. Eight previously undescribed lanostane triterpenoids, ganodeweberiols A ∼ H (1 – 8), together with eighteen known compounds (9 – 26), were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma weberianum. The structures and absolute configurations of the new compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis, as well as NMR chemical shifts and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 2 , 7 , 12 , and 14 showed significant α -glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC 50 values ranging from 35.3 μM ∼ 223.4 μM compared to the positive control acarbose (IC 50 , 304.6 μM). Kinetic study indicated that the most potent compound 12 was a mixed type inhibitor for α-glucosidase. Molecular docking simulation revealed the interactions of 12 with α -glucosidase. Additionally, Compounds 3 and 6 inhibited glucagon-induced hepatic glucose production in HepG2 cells with EC 50 values of 42.0 and 85.9 μM, respectively. Further study revealed that compounds 3 and 6 inhibited hepatic glucose production by suppression glucagon-induced cAMP accumulation. Moreover, compounds 3 and 26 were active against HeLa cell line with IC 50 values of 17.0 and 6.8 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Ten new compounds and eight known ones were isolated from Ganoderma australe. • Triterpenoids and meroterpenoids were the main compound type in Ganoderma australe. • Four compounds showed significant inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase. Macrofungi Ganoderma is a valuable medicinal fungus resource for human health and longevity in China. In this study, ten undescribed compounds including seven lostane-type triterpenoids, ganodaustralic acids A ∼ G (1 – 7), one pair of meroterpenoid enantiomers, (−)-6′- O -ethyllingzhiol (8) and (+)-6′- O -ethyllingzhiol (9), and one polyhydroxylated sterol, 3- O -acetyl-fomentarol C (10), together with eight known compounds (11 – 18), were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma australe. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis as well as NMR and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 4 , 8 , 9 , and 12 showed significant α -glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC 50 values in the range of 4.1–11.7 μM, which were superior to that of positive control acarbose (213 μM). Only compound 7 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against SGC-7901 cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]