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The addition of zinc can induce the formation of polymetallic (Zn-Ni-Co) carbonate hydroxides/hydroxides (MCHs/M(OH) 2) heterostructure nanosheet array with rich defect structures on Ni foam as a superior cathode (ZNC/NF) for alkaline aqueous rechargeable Zn-based batteries (AAZBs). The as-made binder-free cathode offers an extremely high mass loading of 9.2 mg cm−2, exhibiting excellent areal capacities and energy densities. [Display omitted] Developing high mass loading cathodes with high capacity and durable life cycles is greatly worthwhile and challenging for alkaline aqueous rechargeable Zn-based batteries (AAZBs). Herein, we demonstrate an efficient zinc-induced strategy to rationally develop Zn-Ni-Co carbonate hydroxides/hydroxides heterostructure nanosheet array with an extremely high mass loading of 9.2 mg cm−2 on Ni foam (ZNC/NF) as such a superior cathode for AAZBs. It is discovered that Ni-Co hydroxide nanowires can be transformed into Zn-Ni-Co carbonate hydroxides/hydroxides heterostructure nanosheet with rich defect structures after the introduction of Zn during the synthetic process. The formed heterostructures and rich defect structures can enhance ion and electron transfer efficiency, thus ensuring the excellent electrochemical performance under high loading condition. Consequently, the ZNC/NF//Zn battery shows an outstanding areal capacity of 2.1 mAh cm−2 at 5 mA cm−2, with an ultrahigh energy density of 3.6 mWh cm−2. Moreover, the battery can still retain a high capacity of 0.42 mAh cm−2 after 5000 cycles at 50 mA cm−2, suggesting strong long-term cycling stability. This research enables pave the way for the rational design and manufacture of advanced electrode materials with large mass loadings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With a severe leak of heavy metal pollution, a layered tin phosphate doped with Ti, Sn X Ti 1-X P (x ​= ​0.88, 0.72, 0.4, 0.11, 0.03), has been successfully synthesized by facile hydrothermal method in our recent work. Moreover, there are crucial factors to evaluate the adsorption effect of adsorbent, including x value, adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, initial concentration of Cu(II), temperature, pH and ion strength. The results have been shown that the removal effect of Cu(II) can reach 81.3% at the appropriate process conditions, and the Langmuir isotherm can fit the adsorption behavior of Sn 0.72 Ti 0.28 P on Cu(II), and the theoretical maximum adsorption capacity is 2.96 ​mg ​g−1. And the adsorption of Cu(II) by Sn 0.72 Ti 0.28 P is in accordance with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model compatibly. At last, in the desorption experiment, the adsorbed Sn 0.72 Ti 0.28 P is acid leaching in 3 ​mol ​L−1 nitric acid solution for 24 ​h, and the desorption efficiency can reach 96.4%. In our work, layered Sn X Ti 1-X P (HPO 4) 2 ·H 2 O (x ​= ​0.88, 0.72, 0.4, 0.11, 0.03, referred to as Sn X Ti 1-X P) has been successfully synthesized by isothermal substitution and used as adsorbent to adsorb harmful Cu(II) in aqueous solution. The influence factors, adsorption behavior and kinetic model of optimum Sn 0.72 Ti 0.28 P on Cu(II) adsorption have been studied. [Display omitted] • It is imperative to remove the pollutant Cu (II) from water environment. • Synthetic layered Sn X Ti 1-X P (HPO 4) 2 ·H 2 O is an efficient and reusable adsorbent for practical application of Cu(II) adsorption. • The influence factors, adsorption behavior and kinetic model of the adsorption process have been studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]