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[Display omitted] Incorporating piezo-response into photocatalysis holds great promise for eco-friendly strategies in environmental remediation and sustainable energy conversion. Herein, flexible N -defect nanoporous g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets (NPCNs) was prepared via one-step method, then whose surface was protonated. And existed dense 1T/2H phase and vertical interfaces in non-layer-dependent-piezo-response sailboat-like-MoS 2 (Sv-MS) formed by in-situ stresses during nucleation and growth by experiments and MD-simulations. Noble-metal-free Z-scheme PC/VM heterojunction with broad-spectrum absorption, enhanced piezo-response and intimate triple-interface was established by electrostatic self-assembly, performing efficient hybrid-driven piezo-photocatalysis. With a systematic modification of morphology, grain size, phase composition, and surface condition of the components, the optimal PC(3.6H)/VM(u2) exhibited high piezo-photocatalytic rates for degradation of organic dyes and antibiotic (RhB (0.565 min-1), MO (0.052 min-1), MB (1.557 min-1), TC (0.062 min-1)) and hydrogen evolution (3528 μmolg-1h-1) under visible-light and ultrasonic-wave, with maintenance under NIR-light (λ max = 1000 nm) attributed to up-conversion effect (RhB: 0.212 min-1, H 2 : 2355 μmolg-1h-1). Furthermore, the piezo-photocatalytic mechanism was proposed by experiments and DFT-calculations for effective triple-interface Z-Scheme charge migration. This work provides a rational protocol for constructing diverse-energy-triggered, multiple-interfaces and broad-solar-spectrum (UV–Vis-NIR) piezo-photocatalysts in degradation and hydrogen evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) has been consistently identified in various environmental media and biological specimens. Current understanding of the in vivo toxicities of TDCIPP is limited, especially for potential for neurotoxic and cognitive impairment effects. To better evaluate the potential adverse effect of the chemical on learning and memory, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were administered TDCIPP via gavage at doses of 40, 120, and 360 mg/kg/day for a period of 90 days. Quantitative proteomic analysis, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting were employed to assess alterations in proteins following exposure to TDCIPP. An open field test and the Morris Water Maze were used to assess anxiety and spatial learning memory capacity. Administration of TDCIPP induced anxiety and cognitive impairments in rats. Additionally, a noteworthy decrease in the number of neurons was observed in the hippocampal CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG) regions. Proteomic and bioinformatic analyses revealed dysregulation of numerous hippocampal proteins, particularly those associated with synapses (PKN1) or oxidative stress (GSTM4, NQO1, and BMAL1), which was further confirmed by Western blot analysis. In sum, the cognitive impairment of rats caused by TDCIPP exposure was associated with dysregulation of synaptic and oxidative stress-related proteins. ● Subchronic oral treatment of rats with TDCIPP induces oxidative stress and neuronal loss in the hippocampus. ● A quantitative proteomic methodology was used to evaluate the potential neurotoxic effects of TDCIPP on rat hippocampus. ● Exposure to TDCIPP led to the manifestation of anxiety and impairment in spatial learning and memory abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This paper is concerned with the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation with periodic boundary conditions i u t + u x x + i (f (x , u , u ¯)) x = 0 , x ∈ T : = R / 2 π Z , where f is an analytic function of the form f (x , u , u ¯) = μ | u | 2 u + f ≥ 4 (x , u , u ¯) , 0 ≠ μ ∈ R , and f ≥ 4 (x , u , u ¯) denotes terms of order at least four in u , u ¯. We show the above equation possesses Cantor families of smooth quasi-periodic solutions of small amplitude. The proof is based on an infinite dimensional KAM theorem for unbounded perturbation vector fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Find a new dome detection method with DEM and DOM. • Domes on the lunar surface have been detected with Chang'E-2 data. • Typical domes are selected and their topography, morphology and rheology are analyzed. • Formation mechanism of these domes is hypothesized. Abstract Lunar domes, which are distributed mainly in the lunar mare, were generated by lunar volcanism several billion years ago. In this context, identifying lunar mare domes and studying their morphological properties enhances the study of lunar volcanism. Traditionally, most lunar domes have been identified by manually analyzing images or topographic maps of the lunar surface; this approach has identified several lunar domes in specific local areas. To learn more about global lunar domes, it is necessary to identify them from the global lunar mare. In this paper, we present a method of identifying lunar domes using Chang'E-2 data. We demonstrate the identification of domes and analyze their morphological and geological properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, it is proved that the full dimensional invariant tori obtained by Bourgain [J. Funct. Anal., 229 (2005), no. 1, 62–94] is stable in a very long time for 1D nonlinear Schrödinger equation with periodic boundary conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, one-dimensional (1D) nonlinear wave equation u t t − u x x + m u + u 5 = 0 on the finite x -interval [ 0 , π ] with Dirichlet boundary conditions is considered. It is proved that, for any integer b ≥ 2 , there are many b -dimensional elliptic invariant tori, and thus quasi-periodic solutions for the above equation. This is an extension of the previous work [6] by the same authors, where b = 2 . The proof is based on infinite dimensional KAM theory and partial Birkhoff normal form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While most studies assessed the acute toxicity of saxitoxin (STX), fewer studies focus on the long-term degenerative effects of STX on the central nervous system. We investigated the cognitive impairment and hippocampal damages of 6 months' exposure of low-dose STX to C57BL/6NJ mice with behavioral tests, H&E staining, and Western blots, and the possible mechanism (Ppp1C, YAP1, tau-phosphorylation) underlies the pathological changes. Furthermore, we discussed the specific localization of YAP1 in N2a cells induced by STX and the effect of inactivated Ppp1C on its downstream protein YAP1 in the Hippo signal pathway. We found STX intoxicated mice showed declined cognitive performance in both NOR test and MWM test, degenerations in the CA1 area of hippocampi. STX induced up-regulation expression of Ppp1C and YAP1 in hippocampus and N2a cells. Meanwhile, STX treatment induced cell apoptosis and Tau protein hyperphosphorylation. In addition, STX treatment promoted YAP1 cytoplasmic retention that indicates the activation of Hippo pathway, while depletion of Ppp1C inactivate YAP1 during the treatment of STX. Our results highlight the role of Ppp1C and YAP1 cytoplasmic retention in chronic low-dose STX intoxication. [Display omitted] • The effect of long-term low-dose exposure of STX on cognitive function was appraised in a mammalian model. • STX changes the expression of Ppp1C and YAP1 proteins in Hippo signaling pathway. • STX activates Hippo signaling pathway by YAP1 cytoplasmic retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] The piezo-response of two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide(MoS 2) only exists at the edge of odd-number layers. It's crucial to design reasonable micro/nano-structures and construct tight interfaces to weaken layer-dependence, enhance energy harvesting, charge transfer and active sites exposure to improve piezoelectricity. The novel sailboat-like-vertical-MoS 2 -nanosheets(SVMS), in which abundant vertical MoS 2 nanosheets(∼20 nm, 1–5 layers) are uniformly distributed on horizontal substrate of MoS 2 , with abundant vertical interfaces and controllable phase composition are prepared by facile method. The larger geometric-asymmetry enhances mechanical energy capture. Experiment and theory revealed the enhanced in-/out-of-plane polarization, higher piezo-response in multi-directions and abundant active edge sites of SVMS, thereby eliminating the layer-dependence and generating higher piezo-potential. Cooperating with the Mo-S bonds at vertical interfaces, free electrons-holes are efficiently separated and migrated. The piezo-degradation of Rhodamine B(RhB) and hydrogen evolution rate under ultrasonic/stirring are 0.16 min−1 and 1598 μmolg−1h−1 for SVMS(2H) with the highest piezo-response (under ultrasonic wave, stirring and water flow), which are over 1.6 and 3.1 times than few-layer MoS 2 nanosheets. 94% RhB(500 mL) is degraded under water-flow(60 min). The mechanism was proposed. Overall, the design of SVMS with enhanced piezoelectricity was studied and modulated by regulating microstructure and phase composition, which has excellent application potential in fields of environment, energy and novel materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper is concerned with the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation with periodic boundary conditions where f is real analytic in some neighborhood of the origin in , , and . We show the above equation possesses Cantor families of smooth quasi-periodic solutions of small amplitude. The proof is based on an infinite dimensional KAM theorem for unbounded perturbation vector fields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A subgroup H of a finite group G is said to be Hall subnormally embedded in G if H is a Hall subgroup of the subnormal closure . In this paper, some new characterizations for finite groups are obtained based on the assumption that some subgroups are Hall subnormally embedded. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Finite groups G for every divisor d of the order of G, if there exists a subgroup H of G of order d such that H is normal or abnormal, are called -groups. In this paper, -groups are characterized as certain extensions of nilpotent normal subgroups by subgroups of prime power order. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this paper, one-dimensional (1D) nonlinear wave equation on the finite x-interval with Dirichlet boundary conditions is considered. It is proved that there are many 2-dimensional elliptic invariant tori, and thus quasi-periodic solutions for the above equation. The proof is based on infinite-dimensional KAM theory and partial Birkhoff normal form. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Multicolored water-soluble fluorescent CdTe quantum dots (QDs) have been synthesized by using Te, NaBH4, and CdCl2 as precursors and several mercapto-based compounds as modifiers. The effects of ratio of the precursor, type of modifier, refluxing time and initial pH value of the reaction on fluorescence intensity of CdTe QDs have been studied. XRD, HRTEM and fluorescence spectra were employed to characterize these samples. It is found that CdTe QDs with a crystalline size of 3–4nm are homogeneously embedded in the organic matrix. The maximum fluorescence emission peaks of CdTe QDs solutions shifted from 525nm to 591nm according to the refluxing time. The fingerprint details on the surface of smooth objects were clearly developed with CdTe QDs solution under irradiation of UV lights. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Although many studies indicated that trichloroethylene (TCE) could induce autoimmune diseases and some protein adducts were detected, the proteins were not identified and mechanisms remain unknown. To screen and identify autoantigens which might be involved in TCE-induced autoimmune diseases, three groups of sera were collected from healthy donors (I), patients suffering from TCE-induced exfoliative dermatitis (ED) (II), and the healed ones (III). Serological proteome analysis (SERPA) was performed with total proteins of TCE-treated L-02 liver cells as antigen sources and immunoglobins of the above sera as probes. Highly immunogenic spots (2-fold or above increase compared with group I) in group II and III were submitted to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry sequencing. Western blot analysis was followed using commercial antibodies and individual serum. Six proteins were identified. Among them, Enoyl Coenzyme A hydratase peroxisoma 1 and lactate dehydrogenase B only showed stronger immunogenicity for group II sera, while Purine nucleoside phosphorylase, ribosomal protein P0 and proteasome activator subunit1 isoform1 also showed stronger immunogenicity for group III sera. Noteworthy, NM23 reacted only with group II sera. Western blot analysis of NM23 expression indicated that all of the individual serum of group II showed immune activity, which confirmed the validity of SERPA result. These findings revealed that there exist autoantibodies in group II and III sera. Besides, autoantibodies of the two stages of disease course were different. These autoantigens might serve as biomarkers to elucidate mechanisms underlying TCE toxicity and are helpful for diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of TCE-induced autoimmune diseases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Lipophilic shellfish toxins (LSTs) can cause human illness and therefore represent a serious threat to public health. Shellfish are the main dietary source of LSTs, but very few studies have appraised dietary exposure to LSTs through shellfish consumption in China. We measured levels of multiple LSTs in shellfish samples sold in the principal wholesale seafood market in the southern coastal city of Shenzhen, and we estimated the potential for acute and chronic LST exposure of the Shenzhen population via ingestion of shellfish. LST contamination data were obtained from a total of 14 species of 188 commercial samples. Eleven individual LSTs, namely okadaic acid (OA), dinophysis toxin-1 and −2 (DTX1 and DTX2), pectenotoxin-2 (PTX2), yessotoxin and homo yessotoxin (YTX and hYTX), azaspiracid-1, −2 and −3 (AZA1, AZA2, AZA3), spirolides (SPXs), and gymnodimine (GYM), were determined using liquid chromatography electrospray-ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). More than two thirds of samples showed undetectable LSTs, while the detection rates (the proportion of samples with detectable LSTs) of individual LSTs ranged from 0% to 45.7%. Most shellfish samples had lower levels of LST contamination than the corresponding limits of detection (LODs), while some samples had levels of hYTX and GYM that exceeded the limits of quantification (LOQs). Overall, levels of LSTs in the 188 samples were below the regulatory limits set by most countries. Acute and chronic exposures of LST were estimated by a point-estimate modeling method that combined sample contamination data with consumption data from dietary survey of Shenzhen residents and consumption figures proposed by EFSA, the European Food Safety Authority. Seasonal variations in LST concentrations were noted in some instances. Overall, the estimated acute exposure to LSTs based on consumption of large-size shellfish portions and the maximum LSTs contamination level were below the provisional acute reference doses (ARfDs) proposed by the EFSA. Chronic exposure estimates based on mean and 99th percentile consumption of shellfish by Shenzhen residents and mean LSTs contamination levels in the collected samples were from 2452 to 74 times lower than those associated with estimated acute exposure levels. [Display omitted] • Lipophilic shellfish toxins (LSTs) that contaminate shellfish consumed in Shenzhen, China, were assessed for the first time. • 11 individual LST concentration data of LSTs in commercial shellfish samples collected commercially across all seasons was measured for assessment. • The estimated acute exposure levels were below the ARfDs proposed by the European Food Safety Authority. • Data generated in this study provide a scientific basis for chronic risk assessment of LSTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Water-based extraction process (WBEP) has been successfully applied to bitumen recovery from Athabasca oil sand ore deposits in Alberta. In this process, two essential steps are involved. The bitumen first needs to be “liberated” from sand grains, followed by “aeration” with air bubbles. Bitumen “liberation” from the sand grains is controlled by the interaction between the bitumen and sand grains. Bitumen “aeration” is dependent, among other mechanical and hydrodynamic variables, on the hydrophobicity of the bitumen surface, which is controlled by water chemistry and interactions between bitumen and fine solids. In this paper, the interaction force measured with an atomic force microscope (AFM) between bitumen–bitumen, bitumen–silica, bitumen–clays and bitumen–fines is summarized. The measured interaction force barrier coupled with the contacted adhesion force allows us to predict the coagulative state of colloidal systems. Zeta potential distribution measurements, in terms of heterocoagulation, confirmed the prediction of the measured force profiles using AFM. The results show that solution pH and calcium addition can significantly affect the colloidal interactions of various components in oil sand extraction systems. The strong attachment of fines from a poor processing ore on bitumen is responsible for the corresponding low bitumen flotation recovery. The identification of the dominant non-contact forces by fitting with the classical DLVO or extended DLVO theory provides guidance for controlling the interaction behavior of the oil sand components through monitoring the factors that could affect the non-contact forces. The findings provide insights into megascale industrial operations of oil sand extraction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Order–disorder structural phase transitions in alkali perchlorates MClO4 (M=Na, K, Rb, Cs) are investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. The potentials in the simulations are based on the Gordon–Kim modified electron gas formalism extended to molecular ions. The simulations yield first-order phase transitions in perchlorates from low temperature orthorhombic structures to high temperature cubic NaCl structures. The perchlorate ions are found to be orientational disordered in the high temperature phases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is one of the most commonly used perfluorinated chemicals in industry. Wide concerns of PFOA toxicity are increased in recent years. However, report on immunotoxicity of PFOA was quite limited. This study aimed to investigate the immunotoxicity of PFOA exposure on macrophage RAW264.7. We assessed the effects of PFOA exposure on macrophage cell viability, cell apoptosis and cellular ROS level, and detected prominent cytokines release by RAW264.7. The results indicated that the cell viability of macrophage RAW264.7 was decreased by PFOA in dose- and time-dependent manners. Specifically, the exposure of 200 μM PFOA significantly increased apoptosis and ROS generation in macrophage, and thus caused cell damage. The ELISA results displayed that 100 μM PFOA exposure induced macrophage activation and enhanced cytokines secretion, including TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-12. We also conducted nontargeted metabolomics based on LC-MS/MS and unveiled the perturbed metabolic pathways in macrophages induced by sublethal doses of PFOA (10 μM and 100 μM). Remarkably, global metabolomics results displayed that 10 μM PFOA exposure affected glutamine related pathways and the exposure at 100 μM conspicuously changed glutathione and fatty acid oxidation metabolism. These findings showed that 10 μM PFOA exposure could impel metabolic reprogramming of macrophage to trigger inflammatory response, although such dose displayed no obvious effect on cell viability, cellular ROS or apoptosis events of macrophage RAW264.7. • Cytotoxicity assessment of PFOA on macrophage. • Metabolomics study of PFOA effect on macrophage. • Cytokines analysis of macrophage exposed to PFOA. • Elaborate pipeline and methods for macrophage metabolomics analysis. • PFOA impels metabolic reprogramming of macrophage that activates immune response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the double-cladding (DC) structure dependence of guiding characteristics in six-fold symmetric photonic quasi-crystal fiber (PQF) is investigated. Three PQFs featuring one, two and three rings of inner air holes are considered. Numerical results show that with the increase of inner air-filling fraction to around 0.65, the confinement loss begins hopping. The confinement loss varies very slightly when the outer air-filling fraction is less than 0.3, and then presents an exponential decrease with the fraction increasing. In addition, the dispersion of DC-PQF can be made flattened and near-zero with the inner air-filling fraction about 0.3–0.4 despite what the ring number is. Three distinct bands of effective area and nonlinear coefficient can be achieved for three types of inner cladding and there exists the same hopping phenomenon as the confinement loss. This investigation is helpful for balancing fiber performance parameters and providing a guidance for engineering specific fiber. • A new phenomenon of "loss spikes" is reported in six-fold symmetric DC-PQF. • The CL varies very slightly when the outer air-filling fraction is less than 0.3. • The CL presents an exponential decrease with the fraction increasing when the outer air-filling fraction is more than 0.3. • The properties of near-zero flattened dispersion of DC-PQF is verified when inner air-filling fraction is about 0.3 ∼ 0.4. • The influences of inner and outer air-filling fraction on effective area are investigated respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the photonic band gap (PBG) properties of one-dimensional (1D) Thue-Morse photonic quasicrystal (PQC) S 4 structure are theoretically investigated by using transfer matrix method in Bragg condition. The effects of the center wavelength, relative permittivity and incident angle on PBG properties are elaborately analyzed. Numerical results reveal that, in the case of normal incidence, the symmetry and periodicity properties of the photonic band structure are presented. As the center wavelength increases, the PBG center frequency and PBG width decrease while the photonic band structure is always symmetrical about the central frequency and the photonic band structure repeats periodically in the expanding observation frequency range. With the decrease of relative permittivity contrast, the PBG width and the relative PBG width gradually decreases until PBG disappears while the symmetry of the photonic band structure always exists. In the case of oblique incidence, as the incident angle increases, multiple narrow PBGs gradually merge into a wide PBG for the TE mode while for the TM mode, the number of PBG continuously decreases and eventually disappears, i.e., multiple narrow PBGs become a wide passband for the TM mode. The research results will provide a reference for the choice of the material, the incident angle for the PBG properties and its applications of 1D Thue-Morse PQC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] High entropy oxides are promising catalysts for numerous catalytic oxidation processes with oxygen as the oxidant. However, most of them often show bulk morphologies, which hinders the full exposure of active sites. In this work, a unique 26-faceted polyhedral high entropy oxide MnNiCuZnCoO x -1000 (P-HEO) with highly active site exposure is fabricated via a mechanochemistry-assisted strategy. By employing such a strategy, the supersaturation of P-HEO during the crystal growth process is effectively reduced to form high-index facets, which is proved to be beneficial to the formation of high-index facets. Characterization results indicate that more oxygen vacancies are generated in P-HEO compared with the bulk counterparts. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the high-index facets { −2 1 1} can facilitate adsorption and activation of O 2 because of the higher adsorption energy −2.23 eV compared with that of (1 1 1) surfaces (-1.79 eV), which induces significantly enhanced activity for organic sulfides oxidation. Interestingly, the synthesized P-HEO with high-index facets shows a 98.4% removal rate of dibenzothiophene from model oil within 8 h at 120 °C, which is much higher than that of the bulk counterparts (33.5%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Multispectral Camera (MSCam) onboard the Zhurong rover, collecting eight band images in the visible and near-infrared wavelengths, aims to investigate the morphological characteristics and mineralogic properties of the Martian surface. Due to the perturbation of Martian atmosphere, accurate reflectance calibration for the MSCam data is crucial for the further spectral interpretation. Here, we proposed a reflectance calibration method to convert the MSCam radiance to reflectance factor using the MSCam calibration target. This study begins with the laboratory multi-angle measurements to characterize the photometric properties of the MSCam calibration target. Based on these photometric characteristics, a reflectance model consisting of a directional reflection term and a specular reflection term is developed. The constructed reflectance model achieves a high precision, the root mean square errors (RMSEs) between the modeled and measured reflectance factor are <1.5% and the determination coefficients (R2) are >99.3% in all cases. We then applied this reflectance model to the in-flight observations to derive the reflectance of the Martian surface. The validations indicate that the in-flight derived reflectance factors of the calibration target are consistent with the laboratory measurements, and the derived reflectance spectra of the Martian surface are comparable to the spectra captured by the other mission. • We develop a reflectance calibration method for the MSCam data. • The photometric properties of the MSCam calibration target are characterized. • A reflectance model applicable for the MSCam calibration target is constructed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human health risk assessment through the dermal exposure of metal (loid)s in dust from low latitude and high geological background plateau cities was largely unknown. In this study, the road dust samples were harvested from a typical low-latitude plateau provincial capital city Kunming, Southwest China. The total concentration and dermal bioaccessibility of heavy metal (loid)s in road dust were determined, and their health risks as well as cytotoxicity on human skin keratinocytes were also assessed. The average concentrations of As (28.5 mg/kg), Cd (2.65 mg/kg), Mn (671 mg/kg), and Zn (511 mg/kg) exceeded the soil background values. Arsenic had the highest bioaccessibility after 2 h (3.79%), 8 h (4.24%), and 24 h (16.6%) extraction. The dermal pathway when bioaccessibility is considered has a higher hazard quotient than the conventional method using total metal(loid)s in the dust. In addition, toxicological verification suggested that the dust extracts suppressed the cell viability, increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and DNA damage, and eventually activated the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway, evidenced by the upregulation of Caspase-3/9, Bax, and Bak-1. Cadmium was positively correlated with the mRNA expression of Bax. Taken together, our data indicated that both dermal bioaccessibility and cytotoxicity should be considered for accurate human skin health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in road dust, which may provide new insight for accurate human health risk assessment and environmental management. • The enrichment of Cd and Zn in road dust from Kunming is the highest. • Bioaccessible heavy metal (loid)s in the road dust pose health risks to humans. • Road dust extracts triggered obvious cytotoxicity in human skin cells. • Bioaccessible Cd may be responsible for dust induced cellular apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is proved that the KAM tori (thus quasi-periodic solutions) are long time stable for infinite dimensional Hamiltonian systems generated by nonlinear wave equation, by constructing a partial normal form of higher order around the KAM torus and showing that p -tame property persists under KAM iterative procedure and normal form iterative procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles accompanied by progressive neurite loss. Mitochondria play pivotal roles in AD development. PRDX3 is a mitochondrial peroxide reductase critical for H 2 O 2 scavenging and signal transduction. In this study, we found that PRDX3 knockdown (KD) in the N2a-APPswe cell line promoted retinoic acid (RA)-induced neurite outgrowth but did not reduce the viability of cells damaged by tert -butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). We found that knocking down PRDX3 expression induced dysregulation of more than one hundred proteins, as determined by tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeled proteomics. A Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the dysregulated proteins were enriched in protein localization to the plasma membrane, the lipid catabolic process, and intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization. A STRING analysis showed close protein–protein interactions among dysregulated proteins. The expression of Annexin A1 (ANXA1), serine (Ser)-/threonine (Thr)-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform (PP2A) and glutathione S-transferase Mu 2 (GSTM2) was significantly upregulated in PRDX3-KD N2a-APPswe cell lines, as verified by western blotting. Our study revealed, for the first time, that PRDX3 may play important roles in neurite outgrowth and AD development. • Knockdown PRDX3 promote RA induced neurite outgrowth. • Knockdown PRDX3 induced upregulation of PP2A and GSTM2. • Annexins are involved in PRDX3-regulated neurite outgrowth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] We introduced the 4179 Toutatis snapshots of the Chang’E-2 fly-by. [•] We made high-resolution mosaic imagery of Toutatis. [•] We compared the images with the radar shape model of Toutatis. [•] We calculated the imaging distances and resolutions, and comment on the radar model. [•] We preliminarily analyzed the topography of the Toutatis surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The mesoporous ferrisilicates (MFS) with high iron content were synthesized by pH-modification method, and the iron content could be up to 10.5wt.% (Si/Fe=8). The pH was kept less than 2 at pre-hydrothermal synthesis step and was adjusted to 11 during hydrothermal step. The samples were characterized by XRD, HRTEM, N2-sorption, XRF, FTIR, DRUV–vis, Fe K-edge EXAFS, EPR, and DSC. The results suggested that the MFS materials were ordered 2D hexagonal mesophase of MCM-41, and the iron atoms were tetrahedral coordinated in the silica framework. This material could efficiently catalyze the hydroxylation of phenol in water medium using H2O2 as an oxidant, and the phenol conversion could be up to 52% under the optimal experimental conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Mesoporous silica pillared clay (SPC) materials with different contents of H3PW12O40 (HPW) heteropoly acid were synthesized by introducing HPW into clay interlayer template in an acidic suspension using sol–gel method. Samples with similar HPW loadings were also prepared by impregnation method using SPC as the support. The results of the characterizations showed that HPW was dispersed more homogeneously in the encapsulated samples than in the impregnated samples. The encapsulated materials exhibited better catalytic performance than the impregnated samples in oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophene-containing model oil. The sulfur removal reached up to 98.6% for the model oil under the experiential conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The ordered mesoporous MCM-41 materials incorporated with lacunary polyoxometalate were prepared via an original direct synthesis method. As the control, the samples with similar lacunary polyoxometalate loadings were also prepared by impregnation of MCM-41. The prepared samples were characterized by XRF, XRD, FT-IR, Raman spectra, HRTEM, SEM, N2 adsorption isotherm, TG–DTA, and NH3–TPD technology. The results show that the lacunary polyoxometalate is better dispersed in the direct synthesized samples than in the impregnated samples, and its structure remains intact after formation of the materials. The catalytic performance of the materials was tested using the esterification of n-butanol with acetic acid. The direct synthesized samples display excellent catalytic performance and reusability, which is superior to the impregnated samples. Under the optimized conditions, the conversion of n-butanol is 89.7%, and the selectivity of butyl acetate is nearly 100%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The following concept is introduced: a subgroup H of the group G is said to be SS-quasinormal (Supplement-Sylow-quasinormal) in G if H possesses a supplement B such that H permutes with every Sylow subgroup of B. Groups with certain SS-quasinormal subgroups of prime power order are studied. For example, fix a prime divisor p of and a Sylow p-subgroup P of G, let d be the smallest generator number of P and denote a family of maximal subgroups of P satisfying , the Frattini subgroup of P. Assume that the group G is p-solvable and every member of some fixed is SS-quasinormal in G, then G is p-supersolvable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The compound cesium niobate, Cs2Nb4O11, is an antiferroelectric, as demonstrated by double hysteresis loops in the electric field versus polarization plot. The crystal structure refinement by X-ray diffraction at both 100 and 297K shows it to have a centrosymmetric structure in point group mmm and orthorhombic space group Pnna, which is consistent with its antiferroelectric behavior. The 100-K structure data is reported herein. The lattice is comprised of niobium-centered tetrahedra and octahedra connected through shared vertices and edges; cesium atoms occupy channels afforded by the three-dimensional polyhedral network. Antiferroelectricity is produced by antiparallel displacements of niobium atoms along the c-axis at the phase transition temperature of 165°C. The critical field for onset of ferroelectric behavior in a single-crystal sample is 9.5kV/cm at room temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• A broadband mid-infrared supercontinuum of OAM modes is numerically generated. • The generated supercontinuum covers a band with >3100 nm at low input pulse power of 1000 W. • Six supported OAM modes exhibits highly robust propagation for supercontinuum generation. In this paper, a wide supercontinuum of multi-order orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes is generated theoretically in the mid-infrared region based on a ring-core As 2 S 3 -based photonic crystal fiber (PCF). This PCF supports six OAM modes with two orders and exhibits an ultra-high effective refractive index difference of 10-2 between the vortex modes. After customizing the nonlinear coefficient and dispersion, all the supported OAM modes can be used for wide-band supercontinuum (>3100 nm) generation at low input pulse power of 1000 W. In particular, the supercontinuum of OAM 1,1 mode covers a wavelength range from 2860 nm to 6120 nm at −40 dB level. This work has great potentials in the OAM-based mid-infrared source in optical communication and sensor systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a refractive index sensor based on Stampfli-type photonic quasi-crystal with concentric ring microcavity is proposed. The variations of resonant wavelength and quality factor with the change of the width of concentric rings and the radius of air holes are researched. The transmission spectra of the sensor filled with analytes with different refractive index are detected, and a high sensitivity of 613 nm per refractive index unit (RIU), as well as a high quality factor of 79423, is obtained. This work will provide guidance for the application of photonic quasi-crystal microcavity in the field of optical sensing. • Refractive index sensor based on PQC with concentric ring microcavity is proposed. • A high sensitivity of 613 nm/RIU is reached. • A Q -factor of 79423 is obtained. • A FOM of 31872 is obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Lunar Regolith Penetrating Radar (LRPR) onboard the Chang'E 5 lander is the first antenna-array radar deployed for the exploration of an extraterrestrial object. It is able to measure the subsurface structure of the moon at a resolution of ∼ 10 cm. This work presents a method for calibrating the variable cable delay of the LRPR and an imaging method based on synthesis imaging from Radio Astronomy. The cable delay calibration method effectively calibrates the cable delay shift of the LRPR with a nanosecond-level precision. To validate the accuracy of the cable delay method, we use the data obtained from both the ground experiment and the moon-exploration mission of the LRPR. The imaging method is used to visualize the subsurface structure of the Chang'E-5 (CE-5) landing site. Moreover, Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulation is carried out to help interpret the imaging results. The radar images derived from the LRPR observations show consistency with each other and match the bit force record during the drilling process. The results suggest that the rocks interacted with the CE-5 drill feature a size of 15 to 20 cm. • We have developed a cable calibration method based on the LRPR designation. • We have proposed an imaging method to visualize the LRPR observations. • The performance of the LRPR and the imaging method is tested with FDTD simulation. • The buried rocks which interacted with the CE-5 drill feature a size of 15 to 20 cm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer, is mainly due to genetic changes in hepatocytes. However, molecular expression in hepatocytes during hepatocarcinogenesis has not been characterized. In this study, using an inducible kras transgenic zebrafish models for HCC, transcriptomic profiles of oncogenic hepatocytes from larvae, male and female adult fish following a brief induction of oncogenic kras were investigated. We found that oncogenic hepatocytes from all the three sources possess most of the cancer hallmarks at molecular level, including Sustaining proliferative signaling, Evading growth suppressors, Resisting cell death, Avoiding immune destruction, Inflammation, Reprogramming of energy metabolism, Angiogenesis, and Activating invasion and metastasis, suggesting the malignant transformation at molecular level could occur at the early stage of hepatocarcinogensis and can be captured in hepatocytes. However, each group of oncogenic hepatocytes also had their own characteristics. Larval oncogenic hepatocytes have cancer stem cell features. Female oncogenic hepatocytes showed resemblance to a mild human HCC subtype while male oncogenic hepatocytes resembled a severe HCC subtype, consistent with the observed sex disparity of HCC in both zebrafish and human. Finally, the two adult groups were more similar to each other than to the larval group, indicating an overwhelming effect of development over the gender. Highlights • Oncogenic hepatocytes possess cancer hallmarks at molecular level. • Larval oncogenic hepatocytes have cancer stem cell features. • Male oncogenic hepatocytes have more severe features than female counterparts. • Development effect appears to be overwhelming over gender effect on heptocarcinogesis [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A plano-concave lens based on a one-dimensional (1D) ternary photonic crystal (PhC) was proposed, which was formed by periodic repetition of dielectric material layers MgF 2 , Ge, and SiO 2. The dispersion relation and transmission spectrum of the 1D ternary PhC were obtained by the transfer matrix method (TMM). The plano-concave lens can achieve sub-wavelength focusing due to negative refraction. The negative refraction band can be moved to the visible light band with specific parameter adjustment. A broadband focusing in the visible wavelength range from 580 nm to 755 nm was demonstrated. Changes of light intensity and full width at half maximum (FWHM) with focusing wavelength (FW) were investigated and a focal point with almost a theoretical minimum FWHM of 0.275 λ was obtained at a wavelength of 675 nm. The functional relationship between the FW and the focal distance was derived theoretically. The theoretical calculation results are basically consistent with the numerical results. The results provide a promising methodology and theoretical guidance for the application of sub-wavelength focusing of 1D ternary PhC plano-concave lenses. Highlights • A plano-concave lens based on a 1D ternary PhC was proposed. • The negative refraction band can be moved to the visible light band with specific parameter adjustment. • A broadband focusing in the visible wavelength range from 580 nm to 755 nm was demonstrated. • A focal point with almost a theoretical minimum FWHM of 0.275 λ was obtained. • The functional relationship between the focusing wavelength and the focal distance was derived theoretically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cytochromes p450 (CYPs) metabolize thousands of endogenous and exogenous chemicals, including toxic compounds and drugs. The primary cells have relative short life span and are not able to sustain levels of metabolic enzymes CYPs expression and activity long enough in vitro. The immortalized cell lines are also not ideal for toxicity testing because of their low levels of CYPs expression. In this study, we established human normal bronchial epithelial cells using conditional reprogramming (CR) technique from three human donors (named as CR-HNBE1-3). These CR cells can proliferate continuously in defined culture system over 50 PDs within 2 months. The CR-HNBE cells exhibited the normal diploid karyotype, normal response to DNA damage and normal differentiation potential under the matrigel 3D culture condition. The CR-HNBE cells express the basal epithelial marker cytokeratin 14 (CK14) and epithelial secretory marker Mucin 5AC. Most importantly, CR-HNBE cells express comparable levels of CYP1B1 and CYP2E1 as those in lung tissue. These CR cells also express comparable mRNA of CYP1A1/CYP1A2, CYP2B6/CYP2C9/CYP2D6 and CYP3A4/CYP3A5 compared to the lung tissue. The basal activity of CYP1A1/CYP1B1 in these CR cells was 3–6 folds higher than that of 16HBE cells (an immortalized cell line widely used in toxicology field). Our data also demonstrated that Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) induced up to 100 folds of mRNA expression of CYP1A1 or CYP1A2 in CR-HNBE cells. The activity of CYP1A1/CYP1B1 was induced by BaP up to 7–8 folds in CR-HNBE cells, while the activity of CYP1A1/CYP1B1 was induced maximum 2.5 folds in 16HBE cells. Taken together, CR-HNBE cells express comparable levels of CYPs and are sensitive to BaP induction, and will serve a sensitive, physiological and valuable in vitro toxicity testing model. This is the first report that normal human airway cells can be propagated for a long time and maintain comparable levels of CYPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a protein with complex domain structure and roles in kinase, GTPase and scaffolding, LRRK2 is believed to be an important orchestration node leading to several cascades of signal transduction rather than one specific pathway. LRRK2 variants were found to be associated with Parkinson's disease, Crohn's disease and leprosy. Here we disrupt LRRK2 in zebrafish and found hyperactivity rather than hypoactivity in adult zebrafish mutants. By RNA-seq we found genes involved in infectious disease and immunological disease were notably affected. Functional studies also revealed a weakened antibacterial response in LRRK2 mutant. This mutant can be further explored for revealing molecular mechanisms and modeling of LRRK2 related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the guiding characteristics of sunflower-type fiber (SFF) with 6-fold rotational symmetry are investigated theoretically using finite element method (FEM). The behavior of single-mode propagation in SFF is verified. Numerical results reveal that, the cutoff ratio for endlessly single-mode propagation in SFF is 0.575 which is larger than that of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and photonic quasi-crystal fiber (PQF). Moreover, SFF can present ultra-flattened near-zero chromatic dispersion, 0.249 ± 1.146 ps/nm/km, in a broadband of wavelength covering 1.20–1.84 μm over all the telecommunication wavelengths. In term of chromatic dispersion and confinement loss in the wavelength range from 1.00 to 2.00 μm, a comparison between SFF, PCF and PQF with same structure parameters is carried out. Importantly, the rotational symmetry, as a new manageable structure parameter beyond common air hole diameter and lattice constant, can be employed to manipulate the chromatic dispersion, confinement loss, effective mode area and non-linear coefficient and it dependences on these guiding characteristics are discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, elevated blood pressure (BP) and hypertension (HTN) have caused a huge burden of health loss. Previous studies used ambient air pollutants as a proxy for individual exposure, limiting the assessment of its multiple exposure to health effects. For the first time, this study constructed individual PM 2.5 component ( S O 4 2 − , N O 3 − , N H 4 + , OM, and BC) exposure model DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph), DAG-oriented generalized linear model and random forest model, and explored the effects of single and multiple exposures to PM 2.5 components on BP at different stages by the generalized linear model (GLM) and Quantile g-Computation (QgC) model based on a large cohort study in China. We defined BP in four stages according to the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines. After excluding the lack of key information, the cohort analyses ultimately included 9031 participants. Our results showed that the individual PM 2.5 component exposure model had good efficacy. Single or multiple exposure to PM 2.5 components had significant positive effects on normal BP to elevated BP and elevated BP to stage 1 HTN. In addition, males, the elderly and urban residents were more sensitive to PM 2.5 components. This study provided implications for environmental exposure assessment and control of particulate pollution in the future. • Individual PM2.5 component exposure model had a good efficacy. • There was a positive association between each PM2.5 component and BP. • Multiple PM2.5 component exposure was positively associated with BP. • Males, the elderly and urban residents were more sensitive to PM 2.5 components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transparent conductive oxide (La 0.07 Ba 0.93 )SnO 3 (LBSO) thin films with thickness ranged from 220 nm to 11 nm were epitaxially grown on MgO substrate by pulsed laser deposition. The effect of thickness on the structural, transport, and optical properties of LBSO thin films was investigated in detail. With the film thickness decreasing, x-ray diffraction characterizations show that the LBSO (002) diffraction peak has no obvious shift, but the values of the full width at half maximum increase gradually from 0.608° to 1.136° due to the deterioration of crystalline quality of LBSO films. Atomic force microcopy reveals that the root-mean-square surface roughness of LBSO films decreases from 3.93 to 0.268 nm with film thickness decreasing. The lowest resistivity value of 1.181 × 10 −4 Ωcm at room temperature was observed in 220 nm thick films, with the highest carrier mobility of 41.06 cm 2 V −1 s −1 and carrier concentration of 8.377 × 10 20 cm −3 . Furthermore, the resistivity increases gradually with the decrease of LBSO film thickness. Temperature dependent resistivity measurements indicate that the metal-semiconductor transition temperature of LBSO thin film changes regularly with the film thickness. The optical band gap of LBSO thin film decreases from 4.58 to 3.55 eV with decreasing the thickness, which was explained by the Burstein-Moss effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a known carcinogen cytotoxic which can trigger extensive cellular responses. Many evidences suggest that inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) are potent anticancer drug candidates. However, the role of PARG in BaP carcinogenesis is less understood. Here we used PARG-deficient human bronchial epithelial cell line (shPARG cell) as an in vitro model, and investigated the role of PARG silencing in DNA methylation pattern changed by BaP. Our study shows, BaP treatment decreased global DNA methylation levels in 16HBE cells in a dose-dependent manner, but no dramatic changes were observed in shPARG cells. Further investigation revealed PARG silencing protected DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) activity from change by BaP exposure. Interestingly, Dnmt1 is PARylated in PARG-null cells after BaP exposure. The results show a role for PARG silencing in DNA hypomethylation induced by BaP that may provide new clue for cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the function of miR-183 in renal cancer cells and the mechanisms miR-183 regulates this process. In this study, level of miR-183 in clinical renal cancer specimens was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. miR-183 was up- and down-regulated in two renal cancer cell lines ACHN and A498, respectively, and cell proliferation, Caspase 3/7 activity, colony formation, in vitro migration and invasion were measured; and then the mechanisms of miR-183 regulating was analyzed. We found that miR-183 was up-regulated in renal cancer tissues; inhibition of endogenous miR-183 suppressed in vitro cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion and stimulated Caspase 3/7 activity; up-regulated miR-183 increased cell growth and metastasis and suppressed Caspase 3/7 activity. We also found that miR-183 directly targeted tumor suppressor, specifically the 3′UTR of three subunits of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A-Cα, PP2A-Cβ, and PP2A-B56-γ) transcripts, inhibiting their expression and regulated the downstream regulators p21, p27, MMP2/3/7 and TIMP1/2/3/4. These results revealed the oncogenes role of miR-183 in renal cancer cells via direct targeting protein phosphatase 2A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] The cortex, ventricular zone, and hippocampus express Dbn1 during mouse brain development. [•] Intracellularly, Dbn1 aggregates in neuronal neurites in the developing mouse brain. [•] Dbn1 colocalizes with actin in the developing mouse brain. [•] Dbn1 levels increase in the extending neurites in neural stem cell differentiation. [•] Dbn1–actin colocalization signals are found in differentiating neural stem cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Highlights: [•] A MS-based method was utilized for assessing the altered DNA methylation. [•] TCE exposure decreased global DNA methylation level in L-02 cells. [•] TCE exposure declined the DNMT enzymatic activity in L-02 cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis induced by trichloroethylene (OMLDT) is an autoimmune disease and it has become a serious occupational health hazard. In the present study, we collected fasting blood samples from patients with OMLDT (n=18) and healthy volunteers (n=33) to explore serum peptidome patterns. Peptides in sera were purified using weak cation exchange magnetic beads (MB-WCX), and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and ClinProTools bioinformatics software. The intensities of thirty protein/peptide peaks were significantly different between the healthy control and OMLDT patients. A pattern of three peaks (m/z 2106.3, 2134.5, and 3263.67) was selected for supervised neural network (SNN) model building to separate the OMLDT patients from the healthy controls with a sensitivity of 95.5% and a specificity of 73.8%. Furthermore, two peptide peaks of m/z 4091.61 and 4281.69 were identified as fragments of ATP-binding cassette transporter family A member 12 (ABCA12), and cationic trypsinogen (PRRS1), respectively. Our findings not only show that specific proteomic fingerprints in the sera of OMLDT patients can be served as a differentiated tool of OMLDT patients with high sensitivity and high specificity, but also reveal the novel correlation between OMLDT with ABC transports and PRRS1, which will be of potential value for clinical and mechanistic studies of OMLDT. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Diabetes is a prevalent disease worldwide that can result in several complications, including renal failure, blindness, and amputation. Diabetic foot ulcers, which have the characteristics of chronic wounds, are a devastating component of diabetes progression that can lead to lower extremity amputation. In this study, we set out to investigate the mechanisms involved in wound healing of diabetic foot ulcers. The expression of USP30 in skin tissues of patients with diabetic foot ulcers and HSF2 human skin fibroblasts treated with advanced glycation end (AGE) products was detected by qRT-PCR, and CCK-8, cell scratch and ELISA assay were used to detect cell viability, migration and levels of Col I, Col III, MMP-2, MMP-9, IL-1β and IL-18. The interaction between USP30 and NLRP3 was verified by co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays. The expression of USP30, NLRP3 and caspase-1 p20 was detected by Western blot. USP30 inhibitor MF-094 was used to treat diabetic rat model established by streptozotocin (STZ). We found that USP30, a deubiquitinase, was upregulated in skin tissues of patients with diabetic foot ulcers compared with normal skin tissues. In vitro , we found that treatment of HSF2 human skin fibroblasts with advanced glycation end (AGE) products, known to contribute to diabetic complications, resulted in suppressed viability and migration of HSF2 cells, as well as increased levels of USP30 mRNA and protein. Functionally, downregulation of USP30 via shRNA-mediated knockdown or treatment with the USP30 inhibitor MF-094, restored viability and migration of AGE-treated HSF2 cells. We identified the NLRP3 inflammasome as a critical target of USP30 in AGE-induced functions. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that USP30 activates the NLRP3 inflammasome by deubiquitinating NLRP3. Finally, we show that inhibition of USP30 via MF-094 treatment facilitated wound healing in diabetic rats and resulted in decreased protein levels of NLRP3 and its downstream target caspase-1 p20, thus establishing the physiological importance of the identified USP30-NLRP3 link. Together, our findings suggest a therapeutic potential for USP30 in diabetic foot ulcers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Emerging evidence indicates that trichloroethylene (TCE) exposure causes severe hepatotoxicity. However, the mechanisms of TCE hepatotoxicity remain unclear. Recently, we reported that TCE exposure up-regulated the expression of the oncoprotein SET/TAF-Iα and SET knockdown attenuated TCE-induced cytotoxicity in hepatic L-02 cells. To decipher the function of SET/TAF-Iα and its contributions to TCE-induced hepatotoxicity, we employed a proteomic analysis of SET/TAF-Iα with tandem affinity purification to identify SET/TAF-Iα-binding proteins. We identified 42 novel Gene Ontology co-annotated SET/TAF-Iα-binding proteins. The identifications of two of these proteins (eEF1A1, elongation factor 1-alpha 1; eEF1A2, elongation factor 1-alpha 2) were confirmed by Western blot analysis and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). Furthermore, we analyzed the effects of TCE on the expression, distribution and interactions of eEF1A1, eEF1A2 and SET in L-02 cells. Western blot analysis reveals a significant up-regulation of eEF1A1, eEF1A2 and two isoforms of SET, and immunocytochemical analysis reveals that eEF1A1 and SET is redistributed by TCE. SET is redistributed from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, while eFE1A1 is translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Moreover, we find by Co-IP that TCE exposure significantly increases the interaction of SET with eEF1A2. Our data not only provide insights into the physiological functions of SET/TAF-Iα and complement the SET interaction networks, but also demonstrate that TCE exposure induces alterations in the expression, distribution and interactions of SET and its binding partners. These alterations may constitute the mechanisms of TCE cytotoxicity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]