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Whey protein is an important protein supplement and its physical properties are being modified to meet various food and other related applications needs. In this study, we investigated changes of the physical and chemical properties of whey protein after treatment with ultrahigh magnetic fields (UMF) (5, 10, 15 and 20 T). We found UMF treatment induced more ordered structures with significant decrease in α-helix content (from 18.73% to 15.77%) and increase in β-sheet content (from 11.70% to 17.49%). UMF treatment caused the C–C bonds to be oxidized to C–O–C(H) and further oxidized to COOH, the N–C O groups to be oxidized to COOH, and the SH groups to be oxidized to SS. When the UMF strength was 10 T, these effects were the most significant. After treatment with UMF at 10 T, highly aggregated polymers were formed, which were 36 times larger in particle size (37.92 μm in diameter) than that of the untreated sample. The crystallinity degree of whey protein was increased to 28.78 ± 0.47. Additionally, the treated polymer exhibited higher anti-oxidation activity, better foaming capacity/stability, enhanced water/oil absorption capacity and higher emulsification capability. Therefore, UMF treatment of whey protein showed great potential in food processing and treatment. • Oxidation including C–C to C–O–C, further to COOH, N–C O to COOH and SH to SS occurred after UMF treatment. • A-helix structure decreased, β-sheet structure increased, and aggregation increased. • The effect was the most significant when UMF strength was 10 T. • Scavenging ability, water/oil absorption, emulsification and foaming capacity significantly enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: It has been well characterized that flavonoids possess pronounced anticancer potentials including anti-angiogenesis, anti-metastasis, and pro-apoptosis. Herein, we report, for the first time, that VI-14, a novel flavonoid derivative, possesses anti-cancer properties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the anti-migration and anti-invasion activities of VI-14 in breast cancer cells. Our data indicate that VI-14 inhibits adhesion, migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435 human breast cancer cells. MDA-MB-231 cells treated with VI-14 display reduced activities and expressions of ECM degradation-associated proteins including matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9) at both the protein and mRNA levels. Meanwhile, VI-14 treatment induces an up-regulated expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) and 2 (TIMP-2) in MDA-MB-231 cells. Western blotting results show that phosphorylation levels of critical components of the MAPK signaling pathway, including ERK, JNK and P38, are dramatically decreased in VI-14-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, treatment of VI-14 significantly decreases the nuclear levels and the binding ability of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1). Taken together, our data suggest that VI-14 treatment suppresses migration and motility of breast cancer cells, and VI-14 may be a potential compound for cancer therapy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]