1. Catalytic degradation of antibiotic sludge to produce formic acid by acidified red mud.
- Author
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Yang, Ruihao, Wang, Zixuan, Guo, Junjiang, Qi, Jiamin, Liu, Shuai, Zhu, Hengxi, Li, Bin, and Liu, Zewei
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FORMIC acid , *OXIDATION of formic acid , *IRON oxides , *HABER-Weiss reaction , *PERSISTENT pollutants , *ANTIBIOTIC residues , *SEWAGE sludge , *MUD - Abstract
As complex and difficult-to-degrade persistent organic pollutants (POPs), antibiotics have caous damage to the ecological enused serivironment. Because of the difficult degradation of antibiotics, sewage and sludge discharged by hospitals and pharmaceutical enterprises often contain a large number of antibiotic residues. Therefore, the harmless and resourceful treatment of antibiotic sludge is very meaningful. In this paper, amoxicillin was selected as a model compound for antibiotic sludge. Acidified red mud (ARM) was used to degrade antibiotic sludge and produce hydrogen energy carrier formic acid in catalytic wet peroxidation system (CWPO). Based on various characterization analyses, the reaction catalytic mechanism was demonstrated to be the result of the non-homogeneous Fanton reaction interaction between Fe 3 O 4 on the ARM surface and H 2 O 2 in solution. Formic acid is the product of the decarboxylation reaction of amoxicillin and its degradation of various organic acids. The formic acid was produced up to 792.38 mg L−1, under the optimal conditions of reaction temperature of 90 °C, reaction time of 30 min, H 2 O 2 concentration of 20 mL L−1, ARM addition of 0.8 g L−1, pH = 7, and rotor speed of 500 rpm. This research aims to provide some references for promoting red mud utilization in antibiotic sludge degradation. Because of the difficult degradation of antibiotics, sewage and sludge discharged by hospitals and pharmaceutical enterprises often contain a large number of antibiotic residues. Red mud (RM) is a kind of solid waste generated from alumina industry, after acidification modification, Fe3+ and Fe2+ in RM were leached out, and after a series of reactions, ferric tetraoxide was generated, which was attached to the surface of acidified modified red mud (ARM). ARM acted as a catalyst in a catalytic wet peroxidation system to catalyze the degradation of amoxicillin antibiotic sludge (AAS) to formic acid under non-homogeneous Fenton reaction conditions. The non-homogeneous Fenton reaction of ferric tetraoxide with hydrogen peroxide on the ARM surface produces sufficient quantities of strongly oxidized •OH and HO2• to lead to the dehydroxylation of AAS and AAS-degraded small-molecule organic acids to produce formic acid. Optimization of the reaction conditions was carried out and the maximum concentration of formic acid produced was 792.38 mg L-1, which is a higher yield of formic acid as compared to other existing studies. [Display omitted] • The non-homogeneous Fenton reaction combined with CWPO. • The catalytic mechanism for ARM-catalyzed degradation of AAS to produce formic acid were proposed. • The reactive degradation process of AAS was described. • The primary and side reactions for the production of formic acid were analyzed. • Formic acid yield is superior to most other studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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