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Abstract: In this paper, we consider the existence and multiplicity of sign-changing solutions for some fourth-order nonlinear elliptic problems and some existence and multiple are obtained. The weak solutions are sought by means of sign-changing critical theorems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to study the following damped vibration problems with and where The variational sets are given and some multiplicity results of periodic solutions satisfying (1.1)–(1.3) are obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Two novel HMW-GS, designed as 1Dx2 s and 1Dx2 f in the wheat line CNU608 derived from hybrids between Chinese Spring (CS) and Ae. caudata were identified. Quality analysis showed that the introgression of 1Dx2 s and 1Dx2 f subunits led to significant improvement of dough strength and breadmaking quality. The complete encoding sequences of 1Dx2 s and 1Dx2 f subunits were isolated and cloned. 1Dx2 s and 1Dx2 f genes encode 831 and 808 amino acid residues, respectively. Their presence and authenticity were confirmed through Escherichia coli expression, Western blotting and tandem mass spectrometry identification. The subunit 1Dx2 s had an octapeptide deletion (ELQELQER) in the N-terminal domain compared to 1Dx2 while the subunit 1Dx2 f was encoded by a chimeric gene originated from 1Dx2 and 1Cy genes. Particularly, 1Dx2 f had an extra cysteine residue from 1Cy subunit at position 730 as well as longer repetitive domain and higher glutamine content, indicating its potential values for wheat gluten quality improvement. Both 1Dx2 s and 1Dx2 f subunits were simultaneously expressed in the derived line, suggesting that one x-type gene duplication event at the Glu-D1 locus occurred. A putative origin of both 1Dx2 s and 1Dx2 f genes indicated that they could be originated from one octapeptide deletion and two unequal cross-over events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]