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Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) promise a foreseeing future for regeneration medicine and cell replacement therapy with their abilities to produce almost any types of somatic cells of the body. The complicated immunogenicity of hPSC derivatives and context dependent responses in variable transplantations greatly hurdle the practical application of hPSCs in clinic. Especially for applications of hPSCs, induction of immune tolerance at the same time increases the risks of tumorigenesis. Over the past few years, thanks to the progress in immunology and practices in organ transplantation, endeavors on exploring strategies to induce long term protection of allogeneic transplants have shed light on overcoming this barrier. Novel genetic engineering techniques also allow to precisely cradle the immune response of transplantation. Here we reviewed the current understanding on immunogenicity, and efforts have been attempted on inducing immune tolerance for hPSC derivatives, with extra focus on modifying the graft cells. We also glimpse on employing cutting-edge genome editing technologies for this purpose, which will potentially endow hPSC derivatives with the nature of wide spectrum drugs for therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NiCo-LDH-rGO cathodes and Fe 2 O 3 -rGO anodes (specific capacity of 1073F g−1 at 1A g−1) were prepared using the co-precipitation method. The NiCo-LDH-rGO//Fe 2 O 3 -rGO electrochemical capacitors offered an energy density of 108 Wh/kg at a power density of 884 W/kg. [Display omitted] • A novel co-precipitation method was used to prepare NiCo-LDH-rGO cathodes and Fe 2 O 3 -rGO anodes. • The Fe 2 O 3 -rGO anodes exhibited an excellent specific capacitance of 1073 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. • The device made of NiCo-LDH-rGO cathodes and Fe 2 O 3 -rGO anodes provided an energy density of 108 Wh/kg. Faraday-type electrode materials and devices for electrochemical capacitors have been widely investigated. However, their applications are severely limited by the preparation method and cost of electrode materials. In this work, high-performance electrochemical capacitors were successfully assembled using Fe 2 O 3 -decorated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites and NiCo-Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH) as the anode and cathode, respectively. An easy and efficient approach (the modified precipitation method) for the large-scale fabrication was used to prepare Fe 2 O 3 and NiCo-LDH, supported by rGO sheets, respectively. The anode material, Fe 2 O 3 -rGO, exhibited an excellent specific capacitance (C sp) of 1073 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 and a retention rate of 92 % at 10 A g−1, while the NiCo-LDH-rGO cathode material provided a C sp of 1850 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and maintained 84 % at 10 A g−1. The effective combination of these electrodes for the NiCo-LDH-rGO//Fe 2 O 3 -rGO electrochemical capacitors resulted in an excellent energy density of 108 Wh/kg at a power density of 884 W/kg, with remarkable cycling stability (80 % after 1000 cycles at 10 A g−1). We believe that this work, including the proposed method and electrode materials, will advance the further development and commercialization of electrochemical capacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A little of Mn can enhance the STA performance of ZnO&H-ZSM-5 composite catalysts. • A little of Mn can decrease the particle size of ZnO and increase the oxygen vacancy. • The oxygen vacancies in the ZnO-X play a key role in the formation of aromatics. • A selectivity of 80.1% aromatics with 14.8% CO conversion can be achieved. • The ZnO modulated by Mn are resistant to sintering during syngas conversion. Application of cheap and environmentally friendly ZnO to oxide–zeolite composite catalysts for the syngas-to-aromatics (STA) reaction is still challenging. Here, we report 80.1% aromatics in products excluding CO 2 , with 14.8% CO conversion over a mixed composite catalyst containing H-ZSM-5 and nanosized porous ZnO modulated by Mn. As little as 0.6–3.0 wt% of Mn can lead to a dramatic decrease in the particle size of ZnO and an obvious increase in oxygen vacancies. Mn species themselves do not act as the primary catalytic sites. The ability to convert syngas is positively correlated with oxygen vacancy concentration, whereas the ability to hydrogenate olefins is negatively correlated with it. The porous aggregated nanoparticles of ZnO modulated by Mn are resistant to sintering during syngas conversion. This provides a new strategy for STA catalyst design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Cubic gallium oxynitride was synthesized using a solvothermal processing route. Crystal structure, chemical composition, optical properties and the influence of heat treatment in either reactive or inert atmospheres have been investigated. Despite a strongly distorted lattice revealed using X-ray diffraction, the Raman active modes of a cubic gallium oxynitride structure could be observed. With diffusive reflectance UV–Vis spectroscopy a band gap at around 4.8eV has been observed. Additionally, cathodoluminescence spectroscopy exhibited observable luminescence caused by defect-related transitions within the optical gap. Cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence spectra collected after heat treatments showed significant changes in the defect structure. In particular, for annealing in ammonia the main spectral modifications were related to the substitution of oxygen by nitrogen on anion sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

[Display omitted] • Acetone was produced from DME with 73% selectivity. • DME carbonylation and subsequent ketonization were performed over Pyridine-modified H-MOR. • The ketonization of methyl acetate is promoted by carbonylation. • Pyridine blocked the active acids in the 12-membered ring main channel of H-MOR. • The ketonization of methyl acetate occurred via a ketene-mediated mechanism. Acetone is currently produced by large amount of propylene and benzene, and its synthesis from a cheap and non-petroleum material has not yet been reported. Here, we present a new method for acetone production, which involves the carbonylation of dimethyl ether (DME) to methyl acetate and its subsequent ketonization to acetone over pyridine-modified H-mordenite. This convenient approach offers an acetone selectivity of 73% (CO 2 excluded) and a DME conversion of 100% at 553 K. Spectral and isotopic studies revealed that the ketonization of methyl acetate was promoted by carbonylation, while the formation of a ketene intermediate was demonstrated by the formation of CH 2 DCOOD and two types of pyrones. A ketene-based ketonization mechanism was also proposed based on the kinetic isotope effect of CH 2 =13C O, indicating that the acetyl moiety contributed to the acyl part of acetone, while the ketene moiety was responsible for the alkyl part of acetone and the generation of CO 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]