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Background: This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of incidental findings (IFs) on computed tomography (CT) scans of trauma admissions, examine associations between IFs and gender and age-groups, and discuss the management strategies. Methods: The CT reports were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate IFs. Cases were divided into five age-groups (0--19, 20--39, 40--59, 60--79, ≥ 80). IFs were classified as "Group 1": congenital anomalies that do not require further investigation, nondegenerative/minor degenerative findings; "Group 2": findings that do not require immediate intervention, require outpatient follow-up/in case of symptoms; and "Group 3": findings that require immediate intervention/further investigation. Results: There were 2385 CT scans and 1802 incidental findings (IFs) in 783 trauma cases. CT scans with IFs constituted 50.2%. The percentage of IFs was 75.6% in males and 24.4% in females, and they occurred in 4.8%, 27.6%, 44.3%, 20.9%, and 2.4% of age groups 1 to 5, respectively. Group 1 had 34.6%, group 2 had 54.6%, and group 3 had 10.8% IFs. There was not any significant association between the classification and gender or age-groups. In terms of organs, IFs of the thyroid and gall bladder & bile ducts were significantly higher among females (P = 0.044 and P < 0.001, respectively), while IFs in the head & neck region were significantly higher in males (P < 0.001). Incidental findings in the kidney, liver, adrenal gland, and vascular structures differed significantly across age-groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: There were no significant relationships between the classification of IFs and gender or age-groups. However, the distribution of IFs was significantly associated with gender and age-groups in terms of organs. Healthcare professionals should consider this relationship when following up and treating patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, metabolic risk factors, and thyroid dysfunction among a healthy urban population. Methods: in a cross-sectional study, the patients were evaluated for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using ultrasonography. The participants' characteristics such as age, sex, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and history of diabetes, ischemic heart disease (IHD), hypertension, and hypelipidemia were recorded using a data gathering form. The patients were compared to those without NAFLD in terms of metabolic factors and thyroid abnormalities. Results: From 832 participants, 127 (15.3%) individuals had NAFLD. Metabolic syndrome was detected in 39 participants (30.70%) with NAFLD and in 85 participants (12.05%) without NAFLD (P<0.001) (OR: 3.22; 95% CI: 2.07-5.01). In multivariate logistic regression analysis BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and higher serum ALT levels were independent predictors for NAFLD (P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in serum TSH, free T4, and free T3 levels between the participants with NAFLD and the participants without NAFLD (P>0.05). Neither hypothyroidism nor markers of thyroid autoimmunity were associated with NAFLD in our study population (P>0.05). Serum TSH was categorized according to the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile to <1.29 mIU/L, 1.29-1.91 mIU/L, 1.91-2.77 mIU/L, and >2.77 mIU/L. Compared with non-NAFLD participants, the diagnosis of NAFLD was significantly higher in the low TSH group (P=0.004). Conclusion: Central obesity as reflected by waist-to-hip ratio is one of the major risk factors for NAFLD. However, thyroid dysfunction was not correlated with NAFLD and the observed alterations in thyroid hormones are due to sick euthyroid syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]