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One of the oldest plants known and considered a symbol of wisdom in antiquity especially in China is cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees). The objective of this work was to study the fixed oil extracted from cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees) seeds regarding its biological potential for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. The inhibitory activity test of hexane extract studied on the enzyme acetylcholinesterase was conducted based on Ellman spectrophotometric method. The percentage of acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition was 65.5%, being considered a potent inhibitor according to the literature standarts. In conclusion, the results indicate that the oil can be used in the pharmaceutical industry as part or to develop drugs for treatment of certain neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Keywords: Fixed oil, Biological activity, Neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer, Natural products.

The Brazil nut, Bertholletia excelsa, is a globose fruit (urchin) that has chestnuts or almonds in its interior, these being rich in Selenium and other minerals essential for the proper functioning of the human body, as well as linolenic (?3), linoleic (?6) and oleic (?9). Its oil presents nutraceutical, functional and therapeutic properties of biotechnological interest. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physico-chemical properties and chemical composition of two samples of the Bertholletia excelsa oil, from chemo-types of the State of Roraima, Brazilian Amazon, by Gas Chromatography with a Flame-Ionization Detection-GC-FID, Atomic Emission Spectroscopy by Microwave Plasma-MP-AES and Medium Infrared Region Absorption Spectroscopy-MIR. The physico-chemical characteristics of the two samples are within the limits and parameters allowed by the norms of Brazilian legislation and comply with international recommendations. The most commonly found fatty acid was the oleic, 37.8% for the two samples. The concentration of the minerals in order of decreasing quantity in mg / 100g were Ca (22.3), Mg (5.4), K (3.0), Se (0.5), Mn (0.2), Cu (0.1) and Co (0.05). Thus, the quality of the oil from these evaluated chemical races is evidenced, being considered suitable for human consumption and indicated for systematic investigations of bioactivity for different biotechnological purposes, mainly food, pharmacological and therapeutic. Keywords: Oleic Acid, GC-FID, Essential Minerals, Gas Chromatography.

Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees (Lauraceae), popularly known as cinnamon, has been widely investigated for presenting functional properties, nutraceuticals and other diverse bioactive activities, mainly for the beneficial effects to human health. That is why natural products made from different extraction methods and different cinnamon botanical structures have aroused interest in the biotechnology industry in different sectors of the world economy. The objective of this work was to determine the phytochemical composition and to characterize the physical-chemical properties of the fixed oil of the cinnamon seeds submitted to the conditions of Savana Tropical in the Brazilian Amazon by 1H NRM and GC-FID. The following results were obtained for saturated fatty acids - FAS (97.21 %): lauric (88.60 %), the major constituent being; caprylic acid (2.34 %); myristic (2.70 %); pentadecyl ester (0.56 %); palmitic acid (1.89 %); stearic acid (0.96 %); and, arachidic acid (0.16 %). The percentage concentrations of linolenic (?3), linoleic (?6) and oleic (?9) calculated by 1H NRM and GC-FID, respectively, were: 0.20; 0.73; 1.86 %; and 0.19; 0.72; 1.88 %. The physico-chemical properties showed: Iodine content of 2.52 mg I2/g; Saponification Index of 255.97 mg KOH / g; Acid value of 3.32 mg KOH / g; and, Molecular Weight of 604.09 g / mol. These exploratory results indicate the potential of the fixed oil of the cinnamon seeds as a possible therapeutic agent, as well as its use in the pharmaceutical and food industry. Keywords: Essential Fatty Acids, Lauric acid, 1H NMR, GC-FID.

Coriandrum sativum (Apiaceae), popularly known as coriander, is one of the most consumed and cultivated vegetables in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, mainly in the North and Northeast of Brazil. This species has functional properties, nutraceutical and bioactive compounds of biotechnological interest. For those reasons, coriander has been widely studied in different lines of research, especially the oil of its seeds. In this sense, the objective of this work was to evaluate the phytochemical composition of the essential oil of coriander seeds cultivated in the Savannah tropical region Brazil, in the state of Roraima, by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high resolution gas chromatography (GC-FID). To obtain the oil, the seeds were processed and subjected to hydrodistillation process in Clevenger-type apparatus. The identification and quantification of the volatile constituents were provided by gas chromatography coupled by mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-resolution gas chromatography (GC-FID). The chromatographic analysis presented ten components, with the four main constituents corresponding to 80.3%: linalool (64.4%); 2-dodecanal (5.5%); palmitic acid (5.3%); and geraniol (5.1%). Among the chemical constituents of the profile, mainly monoterpenes were found, with linalol being the main one. This botanical genotype also has significant concentrations of palmitic and myristic acids. Keywords: Chromatography, Linalool, Chemotypes, Phytochem

Coriandrum sativum (Apiaceae), known popularly as coriander, has nutraceutical and functional properties and presents bioactive antimicrobial potential. The essential oil of this herb has been widely investigated and demonstrated efficiency in the inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms. Knowing this, we aimed to perform a phytochemical screening and to verify the bioactivity of the essential oil of the coriander leaves cultivated in Roraimense Savannah, Brazilian Amazon, on bacteria and yeasts. The leaves were collected in a cultivated area, duly selected, washed and processed, and subsequently destined to a hydro distillation process using Clevenger. Identification and quantification of the volatile constituents were provided by Gas Chromatography of Coupled Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and High Resolution Gas Chromatography (GC-FID), respectively. Five microorganisms were used in the bioassays for inhibition and IC50 tests. The oil had an inhibitory potential against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, greater than 80%. There was less than 40% inhibition for Salmonella typhimurium and there was no activity for Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli. Seven constituents were identified, of which three were: tetradecenal (22.9%); 2-dodecanal (21.6%); and palmitic acid (10.7%). It is believed that the synergy of the secondary constituents of the oil, can positively aid the antimicrobial action. Keywords: Coriandrum sativum, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, GC-MS, Tetradecenal.

The objective of this work was to analyze the bioactive potential of hexane and methanol extracts of fruits of Capsicum spp., a kind of pepper collected in Roraima, Brazil, against the yeast Candida albicans, as well as antioxidant activity and antiacetylcholinesterase inhibition. The antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of the fruits was 82%. The antiacetylcholinesterase activity was high in the hexane extract reaching 71%. Hexane extract of the fruits did not present inhibition for Candida albicans. The present study demonstrated the efficacy of Capsicum spp. as a natural antioxidant and the presence of active chemical constituents that can aid in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. However, further studies are still needed to consolidate its use and application in the pharmaceutical field.

Myrtaceae family is one of the largest and most important of the Brazilian flora. The leaves of most species of this family contain considerable amounts of volatile substances, which make them particularly rich in essential oils. In folk medicine the leaves of many species of this family are used in the most different diseases. Psidium striatulum DC species is a variety of this family, popularly known as araçá or araçari in the Amazon region and the best known are guava, guava bush and araçá mirim. In folk medicine they are used in the treatment of diarrhea and infections that cause harm to human health. Thus, this work aims to characterize the chemical profile and biological evaluation of essential oil of the fresh leaves of Psidium striatulum DC from Roraima, Brazil. The leaves were collected in the municipality of Boa Vista-RR, on the margin of Rio Branco and submitted to a hydrodistillation process, in a Clevenger, Spell brand double condenser type device for a 2 hour interrupt period. Identification of constituents of the essential oil was performed by comparing the mass spectra obtained by the GC-MS spectra with the NIST11 library and also by comparing the Kovats indexes calculated by GC-FID and literature data. The essential oil chromatogram of P. striatulum fresh leaves had 20 peaks. Among the major compounds identified are humulene (13%), ?-copaene (8.4%), 1.8-cineole (8.1%), aromadendrene (6.3%) and ?-terpinenol (2.1%), globulol (5.5%), ß-caryophyllene (5.2%), ß-cadinene (4.1%). Microbiological tests of the essential oil at 250 µg mL-1 were performed against Staphylococcus aureus, ATCC 29212 (47.63 ± 1.58%); Bacillus cereus, ATCC 11778 (62.15 ± 0.10%); Escherichia coli, ATCC 25922 (0.24 ± 0.05%); Salmonella typhimurium, ATCC 14028 (64.03 ± 0.83%) and C. albicans (7.33 ± 2.50%) and showed moderate inhibitory activity for the enzyme AChE (53.12 ± 0.53%). The results in vitro of the essential oil indicate that they are important in the inhibition of microorganisms, Alzheimer's and can be used in nature form, in the form of tea infusion or as aromatic condiment.

Psidium striatulum is a fruit popularly known as araçá or araçari in region from Brazilian Amazon. These fruits are widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of diarrhea and infections caused by microorganisms that cause harm to human health. Thus, this work aims to characterize the chemical profile and biological evaluation of the essential oil of the green fruits of Psidium striatulum DC. The plant material was collected in the municipality of Boa Vista-RR, on the margin of Rio Branco and submitted to hydrodestillation, in a Clevenger, Spell brand double - condenser type device for 2 hour interrupt period. Identification and quantification of twenty volatile constituents corresponding to 91.9% of its composition was provided through GC-MS and GC-FID, with 8.1% remaining unidentified, with the majority of a-pinene (11.9%), humulene (10.4%), a-copaene (7.1%), globulol (5.7%), d-cadinene (4.2%) and ß-pinene (4.2%). Microbiological tests of essential oil at 250 µg/mL were performed against Staphylococcus aureus, ATCC 29212 (67.03±4.06%); Bacillus cereus, ATCC 11778 (73.14±2.70%); Escherichia coli, ATCC 25922 (11.47±0.28%); Salmonella typhimurium, ATCC 14028 (78.43±2.12%) and C. albicans (13.18±1.69%) and showed moderate inhibitory activity for the AChE enzyme (44.42%). The results showed that the essential oil had an activity greater than 65% against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Salmonella typhimurium, as well as having a moderate inhibitory effect on the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the conduction conditions of the bioassays of the present study.