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1. Neutron Capture Measurements at the ṉTOF Facility

Author

W.I. Furman, C. A. Papachristodoulou, F. Alvarez-Velarde, S. Andriamonje, G. Vannini, S. Walter, Ralf Plag, Carlos Guerrero, Gerald Badurek, U. Abbondanno, Heinz Oberhummer, S. David, C. Stephan, F. Gunsing, P. F. Mastinu, G. Tagliente, Cristian Massimi, S. Lukic, D. Cano-Ott, F. Gramegna, R. Vlastou, E. Berthoumieux, J. Andrzejewski, C. Paradela, H. Leeb, Isabel Lopes, N. Colonna, V. Chepel, L. Audouin, I. Savvidis, K. Wisshak, F. Voss, E. Kossionides, G. Rudolf, J. Salgado, G. Cortes, C. Carrapiço, Javier Praena, Michael Wiescher, C. Santos, A. Poch, J. Marganiec, A. Plukis, M. C. Vincente, L. Tavora, G. Aerts, Vasilis Vlachoudis, P. Baumann, P. E. Koehler, F. Bečvář, L. Ferrant, Roberto Capote, M. Krtička, F. Calviño, P.A. Assimakopoulos, F. Neves, P. M. Milazzo, R. Ferreira-Marques, T. Martinez, A. Lindote, L. Sarchiapone, M. Embid-Segura, L. Perrot, A. Herrera-Martinez, D. Karamanis, F. Käppeler, N. Patronis, James L. Cox, Arnaud Ferrari, Manuel Lozano, Matthias Heil, J. Pancin, D. Villamarin, I. Duran, E. Jericha, P. Cennini, Y. Kadi, M. Mosconi, I. Dillman, S. O'Brien, Marco Calviani, R. Terlizzi, P. Pavlopoulos, W. Dridi, A. Ventura, Rene Reifarth, J. M. Quesada, L. Tassan-Got, M. Dahlfors, P. Vaz, Aaron Couture, A. Pavlik, C. Domingo-Pardo, H. Álvarez, C. Lamboudis, J. L. Tain, C. Rubbia, Isabel S. Gonçalves, S. Marrone, M. Kerveno, K. Fujii, A. Mengoni, C. Pretel, C. Eleftheriadis, D. Karadimos, and E. González-Romero

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Neutron capture, Neutron flux, Nuclear Theory, Neutron cross section, Nuclear astrophysics, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Neutron source, Neutron, Neutron scattering, Neutron radiation, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Nuclear astrophysics, advanced nuclear technology and nuclear structure physics present many cases that require neutron capture reaction data with high precision. In particular, refined data are needed for stellar nucleosynthesis, for nuclear waste transmutation studies, and for the design of generation IV reactors. The measurements take profit of the pulsed neutron beam of the n_TOF facility at CERN, which is generated by proton‐induced spallation reactions on a massive lead target. The low repetition rate of the proton beam, the high instantaneous neutron flux, and the favourable background conditions in the experimental area make this facility unique for high resolution time‐of‐flight measurements of neutron induced reaction cross sections. The n_TOF collaboration is presently operating two different experimental set‐ups. The first consists of two low‐neutron sensitivity C6D6 detectors with the analysis relying on the Pulse Height Weighting technique. In addition, a Total Absorption Calorimeter, consis...

Published
2009
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2. Fission cross-section measurements on [sup 233]U and minor actinides at the CERN ṉTOF facility

Author

J. M. Quesada, L. Tassan-Got, V. Chepel, S. Andriamonje, B. Haas, J. Salgado, W. Dridi, G. Rudolf, Corrie S. Moreau, A. Poch, E. Chiaveri, P. F. Mastinu, A. Ventura, G. Cortes, P. Baumann, L. Tavora, R. Vlastou, L. Ferrant, J. Andrzejewski, N. Colonna, D. Cano-Ott, E. Berthoumieux, P. Rullhusen, A. J. M. Plompen, V. Ketlerov, C. Santos, W.I. Furman, D. Villamarin, D. Karamanis, I. Dillmann, N. Patronis, A. Plukis, Roberto Capote, P.A. Assimakopoulos, L. Perrot, L. Sarchiapone, Masayuki Igashira, G. Aerts, V. Konovalov, F. Bečvář, Marco T. Pigni, J. Marganiec, F. Neves, K. Fujii, P. M. Milazzo, S. David, I. Savvidis, James L. Cox, Marco Calviani, Manuel Lozano, A. Herrera-Martinez, C. A. Papachristodoulou, G. Vannini, G. Tagliente, M. Krtička, F. Calviño, P. Cennini, A. Lindote, R. Ferreira-Marques, T. Martinez, F. Voss, Matthias Heil, J. Pancin, Fabio Belloni, C. Carrapiço, A. Goverdovski, I. Duran, F. Alvarez-Velarde, P. Pavlopoulos, M. Mosconi, E. Jericha, Gerald Badurek, M. C. Vincente, S. O'Brien, C. Eleftheriadis, Y. Kadi, R. C. Haight, Thomas Rauscher, Carlos Guerrero, U. Abbondanno, R. Terlizzi, E. Kossionides, C. Paradela, L. Audouin, C. Pretel, D. Karadimos, P. E. Koehler, Javier Praena, Heinz Oberhummer, E. González-Romero, M. Embid‐Sesura, Vasilis Vlachoudis, Michael Wiescher, S. Walter, Ralf Plag, F. Gramegna, H. Álvarez, Isabel Lopes, J. L. Tain, S. Lukic, C. Rubbia, Isabel S. Gonçalves, S. Marrone, M. Kerveno, Alberto Mengoni, F. Käppeler, Costas G. Papadopoulos, M. Dahlfors, P. Vaz, Aaron Couture, C. Lampoudis, A. Pavlik, C. Domingo-Pardo, C. Stephan, F. Gunsing, Cristian Massimi, H. Leeb, A. Ferrari, K. Wisshak, and Rene Reifarth

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Chemistry, Isotopes of samarium, Xenon-135, Nuclear Theory, Radiochemistry, Neutron cross section, Neutron source, Neutron, Fission product yield, Nuclear Experiment, Long-lived fission product, Fast fission
Abstract

Neutron‐induced fission cross‐sections of minor actinides have been measured at the white neutron source n_TOF at CERN, Geneva. The studied isotopes include 233U, interesting for Th/U based nuclear fuel cycles, 241,243Am and 245Cm, relevant for transmutation and waste reduction studies in new generation fast reactors (Gen‐IV) or Accelerator Driven Systems. The measurements take advantage of the unique features of the n_TOF facility, namely the wide energy range, the high instantaneous neutron flux and the low background. Results for the involved isotopes are reported from ∼30 meV to around 1 MeV neutron enegy. The measurements have been performed with a dedicated Fission Ionization Chamber (FIC), relative to the standard cross‐section of the 235U fission reaction, measured simultaneously with the same detector. Results are here reported.

Published
2009
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3. Measurement of the resonance capture cross section of 204,206Pb and termination of the s-process

Author

M. Rosetti, M. Embid-Segura, R. Vlastou, A. Pavlik, R. Gallino, E. Berthoumieux, E. Griesmayer, C. Domingo-Pardo, G. Vannini, Manuel Lozano, L. Tavora, F. Käppeler, D. Karamanis, I. Dillmann, N. Patronis, H. Álvarez, M. Oshima, D. Cano-Ott, J. Andrzejewski, C. Lamboudis, J. L. Tain, I. Savvidis, A. Goverdovski, Thomas Rauscher, Carlos Guerrero, U. Abbondanno, K. Fujii, M. Dahlfors, E. Jericha, F. Gramegna, F. Alvarez-Velarde, V. Chepel, G. Rudolf, Matthias Heil, C. Eleftheriadis, P. Vaz, J. Pancin, Heinz Oberhummer, I. Duran, N. Colonna, P. Baumann, D. Karadimos, P. Rullhusen, F. Bečvář, Aaron Couture, Isabel Lopes, P. Pavlopoulos, S. David, G. Tagliente, M. C. Vincente, E. González-Romero, Corrie S. Moreau, M. Kerveno, S. Walter, A. Herrera-Martinez, Gerald Badurek, R. C. Haight, V. Konovalov, Arnaud Ferrari, J. Marganiec, R. Dolfini, H. Leeb, C. Paradela, L. Audouin, V. Ketlerov, Ralf Plag, L. Perrot, E. Kossionides, G. Aerts, A. Ventura, Y. Kadi, G. Cortes, A. J. M. Plompen, Michael Wiescher, P. E. Koehler, J. Salgado, A. Poch, A. Carrillo de Albornoz, L. Ferrant, H. Frais-Koelbl, S. Isaev, A. Plukis, P. Cennini, Masayuki Igashira, L. Fitzpatrick, K. Wisshak, W.I. Furman, James L. Cox, Alberto Mengoni, Rene Reifarth, D. Villamarin, C. Pretel, C. T. Papadopoulos, H. Wendler, F. Voss, M. Krtička, F. Calviño, Roberto Capote, M. Mosconi, C. Stephan, F. Gunsing, F. Neves, P.A. Assimakopoulos, P. M. Milazzo, J. M. Quesada, L. Marques, C. Rubbia, L. Sarchiapone, S. O'Brien, C. A. Papachristodoulou, L. Tassan-Got, Isabel S. Gonçalves, R. Ferreira-Marques, S. Marrone, R. Terlizzi, Vasilis Vlachoudis, B. Haas, S. Andriamonje, A. Lindote, E. Chiaveri, P. F. Mastinu, S. Lukic, and W. Dridi

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Neutron capture, Time of flight, Cross section (physics), Stellar nucleosynthesis, Nucleosynthesis, Nuclear cross section, Neutron, s-process
Abstract

The neutron capture cross sections of 204Pb and 206Pb have been measured at the CERN n_TOF installation using the time of flight method with the pulse height weighting technique. In a preliminary analysis of 204Pb we have determined by first time the capture cross sections for two strong s‐wave resonances below 2.5 keV, which seem to enhance the Maxwellian Averaged Cross Section at kT = 5 keV by about a factor of two with respect to the value assumed so far. In 206Pb we have determined capture cross sections for a large number (97) of resonances, which were not reported in the two previous capture measurements. We discuss preliminary implications of the new cross sections in the stellar nucleosynthesis of the Pb isotopes.

Published
2006
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4. Measurement of 139La(n,γ) Cross Section

Author

C. T. Papadopoulos, Matthias Heil, A. Goverdovski, J. Pancin, D. Karamanis, I. Dillmann, J. Salgado, F. Alvarez-Velarde, V. Chepel, G. Rudolf, C. Rubbia, Isabel S. Gonçalves, S. Marrone, M. C. Vincente, M. Kerveno, A. Herrera-Martinez, N. Patronis, A. Poch, F. Calviño, H. Leeb, Rene Reifarth, Gerald Badurek, R. Dolfini, G. Cortes, H. Álvarez, C. Lamboudis, J. L. Tain, Arnaud Ferrari, Y. Kadi, M. Embid-Segura, P. Pavlopoulos, C. Stephan, F. Gunsing, P. Baumann, H. Frais-Koelbl, P. Cennini, M. Dahlfors, L. Marques, J. M. Quesada, P. Vaz, S. Isaev, L. Tassan-Got, R. Gallino, Manuel Lozano, J. Marganiec, Roberto Capote, P.A. Assimakopoulos, Corrie S. Moreau, I. Duran, Aaron Couture, M. Krtička, K. Wisshak, S. David, M. Mosconi, A. Lindote, M. Rosetti, I. Savvidis, L. Ferrant, G. Tagliente, E. Kossionides, C. Eleftheriadis, G. Vannini, F. Käppeler, B. Haas, H. Wendler, A. Pavlik, L. Fitzpatrick, S. O'Brien, M. Oshima, A. J. M. Plompen, R. Ferreira-Marques, C. Domingo-Pardo, L. Sarchiapone, R. Vlastou, E. Berthoumieux, R. C. Haight, D. Villamarin, J. Andrzejewski, R. Terlizzi, Isabel Lopes, C. Paradela, James L. Cox, S. Andriamonje, L. Perrot, L. Audouin, A. Mengoni, E. Chiaveri, P. E. Koehler, P. F. Mastinu, G. Aerts, Michael Wiescher, V. Ketlerov, C. Pretel, L. Tavora, N. Colonna, E. Griesmayer, A. Plukis, P. Rullhusen, Thomas Rauscher, F. Voss, Masayuki Igashira, K. Fujii, D. Cano-Ott, V. Konovalov, D. Karadimos, E. González-Romero, W. Dridi, Vasilis Vlachoudis, A. Ventura, F. Bečvář, S. Lukic, F. Gramegna, A. Carrillo de Albornoz, E. Jericha, W.I. Furman, F. Neves, P. M. Milazzo, C. A. Papachristodoulou, Carlos Guerrero, U. Abbondanno, Heinz Oberhummer, S. Walter, and Ralf Plag

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Neutron capture, Large Hadron Collider, Neutron cross section, Resonance, Neutron, Average level, s-process, R-matrix
Abstract

We measured the neutron capture cross section of 139La relative to 197Au in the energy range of 0.6 eV to 9 keV at n_TOF, the neutron time‐of‐flight facility at CERN. After a description of the experimental apparatus, we discuss data analysis procedures. The data were fitted using R‐matrix formalism to extract resonance parameters which, in turn, were used to calculate average level spacings D0 = 268 ± 22 eV and D1 < 250 eV, and neutron strength functions S0 = (0.79 ± 0.03)×10−4 and S1 = (0.73 ± 0.05)×10−4 for s‐ and p‐wave resonances. The data also were used to determine Maxwellian‐averaged neutron capture cross sections which, in turn, were used to calculate the 139La abundance synthesized in a stellar model of the main component of the s process.

Published
2006
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5. Neutron Capture Cross Section Measurements at n_TOF of 237Np, 240Pu and 243Am for the Transmutation of Nuclear Waste

Author

D. Karamanis, N. Patronis, M. Krtička, F. Calviño, V. Ketlerov, G. Cortes, C. Eleftheriadis, Matthias Heil, J. Pancin, R. Ferreira-Marques, T. Martinez, R. Gallino, A. J. M. Plompen, G. Aerts, Rene Reifarth, P. Cennini, E. Kossionides, Masayuki Igashira, Y. Kadi, J. Salgado, A. Pavlik, N. Colonna, A. Poch, C. Domingo-Pardo, H. Frais-Koelbl, J. M. Quesada, L. Tassan-Got, Roberto Capote, P.A. Assimakopoulos, M. Mosconi, V. Chepel, G. Rudolf, H. Leeb, M. Rosetti, James L. Cox, M. Oshima, P. Pavlopoulos, B. Haas, S. O'Brien, R. C. Haight, J. Andrzejewski, A. Plukis, P. Baumann, C. Paradela, L. Audouin, R. Terlizzi, L. Sarchiapone, D. Cano-Ott, H. Álvarez, K. Wisshak, Isabel Lopes, G. Vannini, S. Andriamonje, L. Tavora, I. Duran, C. Lamboudis, J. L. Tain, Michael Wiescher, I. Dillman, Thomas Rauscher, W. Dridi, K. Fujii, V. Konovalov, L. Ferrant, S. David, A. Lindote, G. Tagliente, D. Karadimos, E. Chiaveri, P. F. Mastinu, M. Dahlfors, P. Rullhusen, P. Vaz, Carlos Guerrero, L. Fitzpatrick, L. Marques, U. Abbondanno, H. Wendler, E. González-Romero, M. Kerveno, Aaron Couture, J. Marganiec, C. Stephan, F. Gunsing, Heinz Oberhummer, D. Villamarin, Corrie S. Moreau, F. Käppeler, P. E. Koehler, L. Perrot, F. Bečvář, C. Pretel, Alberto Mengoni, C. T. Papadopoulos, W.I. Furman, A. Carrillo de Albornoz, M. Embid-Segura, C. Rubbia, Isabel S. Gonçalves, S. Marrone, A. Goverdovski, F. Alvarez-Velarde, C. A. Papachristodoulou, E. Griesmayer, Gerald Badurek, Manuel Lozano, S. Walter, E. Jericha, R. Dolfini, Ralf Plag, F. Neves, P. M. Milazzo, R. Vlastou, E. Berthoumieux, F. Gramegna, I. Savvidis, F. Voss, M. C. Vincente, Vasilis Vlachoudis, S. Lukic, A. Ventura, A. Herrera-Martinez, Arnaud Ferrari, S. Isaev, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. GREENER - Grup de recerca d'estudis energètics i de les radiacions

Subjects
Neutron capture, Nuclear transmutation, Chemistry, Nuclear engineering, Radioactive waste, Residus radioactius, Neutrons -- Seccions, Calorimeter, Nuclear wastes, Plutonium-240, Neutron flux, Física::Astronomia i astrofísica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Neutron cross section, Física nuclear, Neutron
Abstract

Accurate and reliable neutron capture cross section data for actinides are necessary for the proper design, safety regulation and precise performance assessment of transmutation devices such as Fast Critical Reactors or Accelerator Driven Systems. In particular, the neutron capture cross sections of 237Np, 240Pu and 243Am play a key role in the design and optimization of strategies for the Transmutation of Nuclear Waste. The listed cross sections have been measured in 2004 at n_TOF [1] with a high accuracy due to a combination of features unique in the world: high instantaneous neutron fluence and excellent energy resolution of the n_TOF facility, innovative Data Acquisition System based on flash ADCs and the use of a high performance BaF2 Total Absorption Calorimeter as a detection device.

Published
2006
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6. High-Resolution Study of 237Np Fission Cross Section from 5 eV to 1 MeV

Author

M. Embid-Segura, L. Perrot, V. Ketlerov, G. Vannini, Ralf Plag, J. Benlliure, D. Cortina, Manuel Lozano, A. Goverdovski, F. Alvarez-Velarde, R. Vlastou, E. Jericha, Gerald Badurek, K. Wisshak, R. Gallino, E. Berthoumieux, L. Audouin, F. Voss, Masayuki Igashira, F. Becvar, H. Álvarez, Matthias Heil, R. Dolfini, C. Lamboudis, J. L. Tain, M. Kerveno, J. Pancin, M. Krtička, C. T. Papadopoulos, A. Mengoni, A. Herrera-Martinez, N. Patronis, Rene Reifarth, C. Rubbia, R. Ferreira-Marques, P. Pavlopoulos, Isabel S. Gonçalves, L. Tavora, S. Marrone, G. Aerts, Arnaud Ferrari, Y. Kadi, Vasilis Vlachoudis, G. Cortes, V. Chepel, G. Rudolf, H. Wendler, R. C. Haight, Carlos Guerrero, U. Abbondanno, A. J. M. Plompen, H. Frais-Koelbl, J. M. Quesada, P. E. Koehler, M. C. Vincente, N. Colonna, L. Tassan-Got, C. Paradela, E. Kossionides, P. Rullhusen, S. David, P. Baumann, C. Stephan, Heinz Oberhummer, Michael Wiescher, L. Marques, L. Ferrant, J. Marganiec, Roberto Capote, P. Vaz, P.A. Assimakopoulos, C. Pretel, F. Gunsing, A. Carrillo de Albornoz, L. Fitzpatrick, M. Sedysheva, D. Karamanis, S. Isaev, Isabel Lopes, P. Cennini, L. Sarchiapone, W.I. Furman, James L. Cox, S. Lukic, A. Lindote, G. Tagliente, Aaron Couture, F. Käppeler, A. Plukis, A. Ventura, E. Griesmayer, M. Mosconi, C. A. Papachristodoulou, A. Pavlik, D. Villamarin, D. Kolokolov, S. Andriamonje, M. Oshima, J. Andrzejewski, C. Domingo-Pardo, F. Gramegna, S. O'Brien, B. Haas, Corrie S. Moreau, R. Terlizzi, A. Dorochenko, D. Cano-Ott, E. Chiaveri, P. F. Mastinu, I. Duran, V. Konovalov, J. Salgado, M. Rosetti, A. Poch, W. Dridi, F. Neves, F. Calviño, H. Leeb, P. M. Milazzo, K. Fujii, Thomas Rauscher, D. Karadimos, E. González-Romero, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), R.C. Haight, M.B. Chadwick, T. Kawano, P. Talou, nTOF, and Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Isotopes of uranium, Nuclear transmutation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Fission, Nuclear Theory, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Neutron temperature, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Uranium-235, Neutron cross section, 25.85.Ec, 27.90.+b, 25.40.Sc, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

PACS; International audience; A series of measurements of 237Np fission cross section have been performed at the CERN spallation neutron facility n_TOF which covers a wide energy range from 1 eV up to 250 MeV. A fast ionization chamber (FIC) was used as a fission fragment detector with registration efficiency of not less than 97 %. Particular attention was paid to correct the fission cross section with use of 235U standard. Total experimental uncertainties are determined to be at the level of 3%. Analysis of the experimental data in the restricted neutron energy from 5 eV up to 1 MeV showed a systematic deviation from evaluated data (ENDF/B-VI). This discrepancy amounts to up to a factor 3 for resolved resonances in the neutron energy range of 5 eV - 2 KeV, and is in good agreement with some previous experiments. A similar disagreement at the level of 6-7% was found for higher energies around the threshold (En = 300 keV-1 MeV). This energy range is essential for the transmutation of neptunium in ADS or fast reactors. It is concluded that an updated evaluation of nuclear data for 237Np is required

Published
2005
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