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Background: The escalation of HIV-AIDS epidemic needs a comprehensive control efforts including the treatmentstage. ARV is inevitably needed to control the development of HIV-AIDS infection. The availability and accessibility of ARVis crucial to reach the successful treatment. Objective: To identify the implementation of logistic management process inthe central level. Methods: Conducting in depth interviews with informants from AIDS and Infectious Disease sub divisionof the Directorate General of Disease Prevention and Control-MoH, Directorate General Pharmacy and Medical Devices,GF-ATM, and PT. Kimia Farma as the manufacturer of ARV in Indonesia. Data was collected in Jakarta during May-August2011. Result: Source of fund procurement of ARV drugs in Indonesia comes from the national budget and Global Fund.Kimia Farma is the only national manufacture of 5-drugs firts line of ARV, while second line ARV is import include rawmaterials of ARVs. Logistics management consists of planning, procurement and storage, and distribution. Conclusion:Logistic management of ARV in the central level has run in accordance to drug logistic cycle. Unfortunately, most rawactive materials and final second line of ARVs product were still being imported. The government has planned an exitstrategy to reduce the dependency on the donor funding. The report and coordination process among the government,PT. Kimia Farma and end user (hospitals) has not worked well and synchronized. Recommendation: The governmenthave to encourage the local pharmaceutical industries to be able to produce ARV, especially the second line. All relatedstakeholders should enhance good coordination through periodic monitoring and evaluation in ARV distribution processand human resources capability in reporting mechanism.

Background: Antiretroviral (ARV) is the drug to reduce varemia and enhances CD4+ level. ARV cannot cure HIVAIDSbut it increases the life expectancy of people living with HIV-AIDS (PLHA). ARV is a lifetime treatment that needs ahigh adherence. The meaning of ARV which vulnerable to low adherence is related to stigma and discrimination. It is alsorelated to the changing of life pattern in which taking ARV is considered as a burden. This research suggests the needto include the meaning of ARV for a successful therapy. Because using ARV for a long time can make PLHAs feel boringand sometimes they drop out the treatment. Method: The research was conducted in Bandung, Cimahi, Denpasar andBadung districts in 2011. The subjects were 17 PLHAs consist of 9 females and 8 males, aged 20-42 years. Data werecollected by doing in depth interview which then analyzed with content analysis method. Results: The meanings of ARVwhich give positive impact on adherence including the function of ARV that not merely as medical stuff but also have thefunction related to psychological or spiritual meaning (miracle); the changing on life pattern (consider as a habit); and thehope for life (the second chance) Recommendations: The study recommends to include the meaning of ARV related to the function on spiritual/psychological matter, the changing on life pattern and the hope for life other than just give councellingon medical function of ARVs and handling side effects.

Latar belakang: Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 51 Tahun 2009 tentang Pekerjaan Kefarmasian menyatakan bahwa tenaga kefarmasian adalah tenaga yang melakukan pekerjaan kefarmasian, yang terdiri atas apoteker dan tenaga teknis kefarmasian. Berdasarkan pasal 21, pelayanan resep atau penyerahan obat resep dokter di puskesmas, harus dilakukan oleh apoteker. Masalah penelitian adalah belum diketahui kondisi ketersediaan tenaga kefarmasian dalam kaitannya dengan karakteristik dan Praktik kefarmasian di puskesmas. Metode: Studi ini merupakan analisis lanjut data sekunder Riset Fasilitas Kesehatan Tahun 2011 yang menggunakan pendekatan survei (cross-sectional) terhadap puskesmas di kabupaten/kota terkait ketersediaan tenaga kefarmasian di puskesmas dan dilakukan pada bulan Agustus–September 2012. Tujuan analisis adalah mendapatkan informasi tentang ketersediaan tenaga kefarmasian di puskesmas, ketersediaan tenaga kefarmasian berdasarkan karakteristik puskesmas dan Praktik kefarmasian berdasarkan ketersediaan tenaga kefarmasian di puskesmas. Konfirmasi data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan Bagian Kepegawaian Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bogor dan Kota Bekasi serta tenaga kefarmasian pengelola obat di Puskesmas. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan membandingkan ketersediaan tenaga kefarmasian berdasarkan karakteristik puskesmas dan Praktik kefarmasian berdasarkan ketersediaan tenaga kefarmasian di puskesmas. Analisis data berupa distribusi frekuensi, uji Mann-Whitney, uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji Kendalls tau b. Hasil: Hasil penelitian analisis lanjut terhadap seluruh puskesmas di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa hanya 17,5% puskesmas di Indonesia memiliki apoteker dan ada 32,2% puskesmas yang tidak memiliki tenaga kefarmasian sama sekali. Ada perbedaan ketersediaan tenaga kefarmasian antar puskesmas berdasarkan lokasi puskesmas, jenis puskesmas, keterpencilan wilayah dan status kepegawaian tenaga kefarmasian. Apoteker berperan lebih baik dalam memberikan pelayanan farmasi, mengelola obat dan menyusun LP-LPO dengan lengkap dibandingkan dengan tenaga teknis kefarmasian dan tenaga teknis kefarmasian juga berperan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan tenaga non-farmasi dalam hal yang sama.

Background: The village medicine post (POD) program had been introduced in 1991, and legalized in 2004 by KepMenKes No. 983/2004, known as Village Medicine Shop (WOD). This program should be evaluated in order to know its implementation. Methods: The research was carried out in 2006, in Karanganyar District and Subang District. This research aimed to elaborate the condition of WOD, and their supporting, as well as inhibiting factors. The data were collected by round table discussion to the communities, in depth interviewed to the Primary Health Care officers, village midwives, WOD cadres. Besides, WOD observation and secondary data collection also have been done. Results: Result showed that there was not any implemented WOD followed to the KepMenKes No. 983/2004. They were still POD types as former concept. In Karanganyar District, some of PODs were still active, they were located in the cadre’s house, and only managed limited number of medicines. In Subang District there were many inactive POD, some of them developed their business through a common shop, change into medical centre, drug store or dispensary. The supporting factors were detected, such as remote villages, the distance of health facilities, as well as the community’s trust to the cadres. While the inhibiting factors detected were the availability of developing shop which also sell medicines surrounding the POD location. In Karanganyar District, the supporting factors detected were the availability of financing group, called “dana sehat”, active cadres, village midwives, Primary Health Care, and communities. Meanwhile in Subang District, the important supporting factors were the availability of cheap price of medicines, besides active and trained cadres. The inhibiting factor in Karanganyar District was limited number of the available medicines types. The inhibiting factors in Subang District were mismanagement of POD, limited budget, medical practice regulation, uncertain legality of POD, and attitude of the cadres. Key words: Village Medicine Shop, Village Medicine Post

Background: A study to analyze data of Basic Health Research 2010 (Riskesdas 2010) was done to describe the profile of household using self-made herbal medicines and to identify the characteristics of household members that related to use of self-made herbal medicines. Methods: The sampel was individuals aged fifteen years old or more and who use self-made herbal medicine i.e. 177,927 people from selected household in 33 Indonesian provinces. Data was collected by interviewing the respondent that use structured questionnaire, including age, sex, marital status, education, job, household monthly expenditure, residence, province and self-made herbal medicines usage. The data were analyzed by proportion and Chi square test and multiple logistic regression method. Results: Results of data analysis shows that nearly ten percents of household that ever used herbal medicines are those using self-made herbal medicines. A greater proportion of them used either Kaemferia sp. and or Zingiber sp. as raw material in liquid formulation and got the benefit of using it as well as living in North Maluku, Bali and East Nusa Tenggara. About seventeen percents of household members who ever used herbal medicines are those using self-made herbal medicines. Conclusion: Factors related to self-made herbal medicines are married/divorce (OR= 1.76; CI = 1.63-1.90), urban residence (OR= 1.45; CI = 1.38-1.53), female (OR= 1.43; CI = 1.363-1.50) dan higher economic group (OR= 1.34; CI = 1.27-1.40). Keywords: self-made herbal medicines, traditional medicine, household