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Gravimetry is associated with analysis of the gravitational field. The gravitational field is characterized by its potential. This is described by the Poisson equation, the right side of which includes the density of the environment. There exists direct and inverse problems of gravimetry. Direct gravimetry problems involve the determination of the potential of the gravitational field in a given region. The inverse problems of gravimetry imply the restoration of the structure of a given area from the results of measuring the characteristics of the gravitational field. Such studies are needed to assess on the basis of gravimetric geodynamic events occurring in oil and gas fields. The relevance of such research is necessary, because with prolonged development of the oil and gas fields, negative consequences may occur. This paper discusses some of the features of direct and inverse gravimetry problems. A description of the mathematical model of the processes under consideration is given. Different direct and inverse gravimetry problems are posed. Describes the methods of its solving. Based on the analysis of the results of a computer experiment, appropriate conclusions are made.