Search

Background: Health of swimming pools is important to maintain health of swimmers that in case of failure to comply of health standards, can be lead to health problems and the transmission of infectious diseases to swimmers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the water quality of swimming pools in Sanandaj city and compare of their results with the national standards. Methods: In this cross – sectional study, 108 water samples were collected from 9 swimming pools of Sanandaj city. Some parameters including residual chlorine, pH, turbidity, hardness, alkalinity, temperature and also microbial parameters such as heterotrophic bacteria, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, fecal streptococcus, total coliform, and fecal coliform were evaluated. Results: The results of the study showed that residual chlorine, pH, turbidity, hardness, alkalinity, and temperature in 80.5%, 72.2%, 60.1%, 52.7%, 30.5%, and 100% of samples, respectively, which were in desirable limit. Also the population of total coliform, fecal coliform, and Staphylococcus aureus in 32.4%, 45.3%, and 96.3% of samples, respectively, were in desirable ranges. Conclusion: Based on the results, turbidity, hardness, alkalinity, and also population of total coliform and fecal coliform of some samples didn’t have conformity with standards that indicates the need for continuous monitoring of swimming pools water quality.

Background: Dyes have complex molecular structures that are often toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, nonbiodegradable, and stable. Activated sludge is an adsorbents that basically in the biosorption process is an attractive technology for the separation and recycling of pollutants. Using sludge producing from wastewater treatment plants due to having low cost, availability, and reusability is growing. Methods: In this study, the dried activated sludge used for removal of Acid Cyanine 5R with concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/L. Effect of adsorbent concentration in weight of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 g/L, contact time, and pH were studied. Results: The results of the experiments showed that by increasing contact time up to 180 min increases dye removal efficiency and then remains constant. Also by increasing adsorbent dose, removal efficiency increased whilst by increasing pH, dye removal decreased. The results also show that the adsorption process follow pseodo second-order kinetic model with R2=0.9988. Conclusions: Due to the low cost and availability of dried activated sludge, it can be used as adsorbent in removal of dye from aqueas solutions.