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The present study aimed to investigate the effect of horny goat weed on the level of fertility in male rats infected with cadmium chloride. The rats were divided into two groups, the first group: Group 1 (6 rats) fed on a basal diet as a negative control group (-ve) and the other main groups (30 rats) were injected with two doses of cadmium chloride (CdCl2, 0.1%) administered intraperitoneally at 0.1 ml per 100g body weight to cause sterility and classified into five subgroups. Subgroup 1(n:6): fed on the basal diet as a positive control group (+ve). Subgroup 2 feds on basal diet and given standard drug (Sildenafil Citrate) (SC) (5 mg/kg b w) via a stomach tube daily for 28 days. Subgroup 3,4 and 5 fed on the Horny Goat Weed (HGW) by 10, 15and 20 % (w/w) of the basal diet weight, respectively. Blood samples were taken after the experiment to assess lipid profiles, liver functions, kidney functions, and serum levels of testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The testicles were removed for histopathological examination, measuring the testicular tissue hormones and antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and malondialdehyde. Results indicated that the HGW treatments improved liver, renal function, lipid profiles, antioxidant enzyme activity and sex hormone levels in both serum and testicular tissue. In conclusion; The moderate use of horny goat weed may be beneficial for improving male sexual performance and is considered as one of the natural sexual stimulants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beet root possess widespread use in many traditional dishes, whereas its consumption has many highly health and therapeutic benefits to a human body attributed to its high content of phytochemical compounds and high antioxidant properties. The objectives of this study was to assess the potential therapeutic effects of beet root pomace powder (BRPP) on nephropathy induced by gentamicin in diabetic rats and study its application in cakes to utilization of it. Thirty adult male albino rats were randomly divided into two main groups and fed on standard diet. Group I: negative control (6 rats) and group II: nephropathy diabetic rats (24 rats) were given a single dose via intraperitoneal injection of 65 mg / kg body weight of streptozotocin (STZ). Then, Nephropathy was induced in diabetic rats via intraperitoneally injection daily of gentamicin (GM) 85 mg / kg body weight for 8 days. Nephropathy diabetic rats group were divided into four subgroups (6 rats each) as follow: First (positive control group), second, third and fourth group received standard diet + 2.5, 5 and 7.5 % of dried BRPP, respectively for 60 days. The results showed that BRPP contained (416.2 mg gallic acid/100 g) total phenolics, (31.3 mg catchin/100 g) flavonoids, (29.2 mg/100 g) β. carotene, (2.91 mg/100 g) ascorbic acid, (166.5 mg/100 g) betalain and had (42.87%) of antioxidant activity. Injection the rats with streptozotocin and gentamicin resulted in elevation in blood and urine glucose levels, lipid profile, kidney functions in the serum and MDA levels with a reduction in the activity of GSH.px, SOD and CAT in kidney tissues and serum insulin levels. Moreover, feeding nephropathy diabetic rats on a daily diet containing BRPP at 5 and 7.5% of standard diet for 60 days produced a marked reduction in the serum levels of blood and urine glucose, lipid profile, kidney function and MDA levels as well as elevation in the activity of GSH.px, SOD and CAT and serum insulin levels compared to the positive control group. Supplemented rats diet with 7.5% of BRPP was more effective in improving the previous parameters. Sensory evaluation of cakes prepared with 7.5% of BRPP showed the better properties in appearance, taste, texture, compressibility, colour and over all acceptability compared with the control and cakes prepared with 2.5 and 5% of BRPP. The study concluded that BRPP has hypoglycemic potent effects and improve renal damage induced by gentamicin in diabetic rats. So, it is advice to add BRPP to bakery products and consume daily for kidney patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]