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The aim of this paper is to present some of the points made over citizenship and political participation by Juan Bautista Alberdi and Vicente Fidel Lopez, two of the most important XIXth. century Argentinean intellectuals. This interventions were partly influenced by what Pierre Rosanvallon cal]ed "utopist liberalism". One of the effects of these is the emphasis put on the importance of the construction of a new kind of citizenship that differs from the equalitarian citizen that can be found in the text of the first Latin American constitutions. This new subjectivity is centered in economical and individual interests, and it develops its actions in either private or local spaces. The possibility of thinking this figure is going to be one of the conditions for the further emergence of the neighbor as a political subjectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]