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Described is the impact of the Aral Sea desiccation on the local climate and the impact of its numerical prediction in the region. Presented is the analysis of two series of numerical experiments with the WRF-ARW model (numerical prediction and weather research) with the spatial resolution of 5 km and 28 σ-surfaces along the vertical up to the level of 50 hPa for the Aral Sea region. In the first series of forecasts for January and July 2009, underlying surface parameters from the MODIS database are used. In these series the sea surface mask corresponds to the Aral Sea configuration in the 1970s. In another group of experiments, the characteristics of the underlying surface of the Aral Sea area are replaced by the respective characteristics of the surrounding land. To study the effects of variations of surface properties, air temperature, humidity, cloudiness, precipitation, and wind are analyzed. It is demonstrated that if the Aral Sea is assumed to be absent in the model, this results in the significant strengthening of the continentality of regional climate and in the increase in the forecast skill scores. The supposition is made that the regular (at least each 3–5 years) update of global databases with the description of underlying surface properties due to the climate change can result in the considerable increase in the accuracy of numerical prediction and climate change modeling Text original de l'article en rus: Ó K.G. Rubinshtein, M.M. Smirnova, V.I. Bychkova, S.V. Emelina, R.Yu. Ignatov, V.M. Khan, V.A. Tishchenko, E. Roget, 2014, published in Meteorologiya i Gidrologiya, 2014, No. 11, pp. 24-35.

Text original de l'article publicat en rus: V.A. Tishchenko, V.M. Khan, R.M. Vil’fand, E. Roget, 2013, published in Meteorologiya i Gidrologiya, 2013, No. 7, pp. 15-30 Carried out are the statistical analysis of spatiotemporal characteristics of quasistationary and blocking anticyclones in the Atlantic European sector, their classification, and the analysis of large-scale circulation in the lower and middle troposphere preceding the formation of different classes of blocking anticyclones. Studied are the threshold conditions of anticyclone blocking in the lower and middle troposphere in the Atlantic European sector. Determined are the typical situations, when the formed dipoles of heat and cold are observed in the area of the future blocking in the lower troposphere as well as the formed ridges or divergence of flows in the middle troposphere. A conclusion can be made on the possibility of using the information about blocking anticyclones in the schemes of long-range forecasting of thermal regime