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A manufacturing technology has been developed for the mechanochemical synthesis of hard-alloy plates from titanium and tungsten carbides; the plates are intended for use in cutting tools. Test results for the mechanical properties of the alloys are presented.

We demonstrated the possibility of using multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) formed by means of mechanical activation of amorphous carbon for the stimulation of crop growth. By the example of pepper cultivar Golden Rain and tomato cultivar Bull Heart, we showed the efficacy of introducing microad-ditives in the form of carbon nanotubes to the ground.

Multilayer carbon nanotubes formed by the mechanical activation obtained by the mechanical activation of amorphous carbon are investigated. The amorphous carbon is produced by the pyrolysis of plant matter—specifically, brown sphagnum moss (Sphagnum fuscum) and Magellan’s peat moss (Sphagnum magellanicum), corn shoots, spiny bamboo (Bambusa blumeana schultes), cotton, and okra stalks (Abelmoschus esculentus). The carbon nanotubes are formed by pyrolytic and mechanochemical technology. Amorphous carbon is produced at 950°C and then subjected to mechanochemical treatment in a planetary mill for 1–46 h. The amorphous carbon is removed by three-stage vacuum annealing at 220–870°C. The greatest quantity of carbon nanotubes is produced after 36-h mechanical activation, for all types of nanopowder. More prolonged mechanical activation leads to the formation of (20–100)-μm aggregates, and the thermal stability of the multilayer nanotubes is lost.

It is established that the main criteria for implementing the mechanochemical synthesis of tungsten carbide are the structure of modifications of carbon and their degree of aromaticity. Prospects for using modifications of carbon fabricated by the pyrolysis of vegetable raw materials are shown.

It has been found that mechanical activation of amorphous carbon obtained from Katerina SV corn waste encourages formation of carbon nanotubes. At the same time, carbon tube output after 7 and 42 hours of mechanical activation is 11 and 42% by weight, respectively.

The sorption capacity of multilayer carbon nanotubes that have been synthesized by the mechanical activation of amorphous carbon produced from cotton is investigated. The sorptional efficiency of the carbon nanotubes depends on the storage time. The use of carbon materials derived from cotton as chelators is considered.

The technological aspects of the formation of nanofibrous carbon (multiwall nanotubes from 10 to 70 nm in diameter) in the process of the mechanical activation of amorphous carbon (1–27 h), which was obtained by the pyrolysis of sphagnum moss at a temperature of 950°C are considered. The sequence of the formation of a nanofiber structure and the change in the physicochemical characteristics of the formed nanotubes are presented. It is shown that the formation of nanotubes occurs in the bulk of carbon particles.

Multilayer carbon nanotubes obtained by pyrolysis and mechanical activation of plant-derived amorphous carbon are excellent sorbents for hydrogen.

The manufacture of cutting plates on the basis of powder produced by the disintegration of wastes from the machining of P6M5 high-speed steel is considered. The use of high-molecular compounds in the processing of waste chips is promising. The performance of plates made from high-speed steel powder is investigated.

Grinding metal swarf in the presence of mechanically destructured high-molecular compounds promotes intensification of the process of metal dispersion and plasticizing, and it is accompanied by the occurrence of reducing reactions and desulfurization of the dispersed metal.

The properties of high-speed steel powder produced from P6M5 steel wastes dispersed in the presence of a mechanically labile polymer are considered. To obtain maximum density of the product, the time between grinding of the metal and sintering should be minimized.

Attention focuses on the processing of sphagnum moss and the sequence by which multiwalled carbon nanotubes are formed in the mechanical activation of amorphous carbon. Nanotube formation occurs within a mass of carbon particles.

The possibility of using carbon materials derived from renewable plant sources in the mechanochemical synthesis of titanium carbide and the manufacture of sorbents for industrial wastewater purification is considered.

The sorption capacity of multiwalled nanotubes synthesized in the mechanical activation of amorphous carbon from corn wastes is investigated. The sorptional effectiveness of the nanotubes depends on their storage time. The use of carbon from corn waste as chelators is considered.

Carbon nanotubes may be produced by the mechanical activation of amorphous carbon derived from the wastes of Katerina SV corn. After 27-h mechanical activation, the yield of nanotubes is 42 wt %.

In the vacuum annealing of carbon nanotubes formed by the mechanical activation of amorphous carbon (from sphagnum moss), the yield of purified nanotubes is 19–75 wt %. The potential of materials derived from sphagnum moss as enteric sorbents is considered.

The porous structure of amorphous carbon produced from sphagnum moss after chemical activation is considered. The ability of the amorphous carbon to adsorb metal ions is investigated. The results suggest that such carbon may serve as an effective sorbent.

The production of carbon nanofibers by the pyrolysis of sphagnum moss as a result of mechanochemical activation in a planetary mill is considered. The nanofibers are used to create a composite system consisting of carbon and tungsten nanoparticles, which may provide the basis for anodes in secondary power sources and may also be used in the mechanochemical synthesis and microalloying of refractory compounds.