1. Reduction in white blood cell, neutrophil, and red blood cell counts related to sex, HLA, and islet autoantibodies in Swedish TEDDY children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes
- Author
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Markus Mattila, Ake Lernmark, Helena Elding Larsson, Andreas Beyerlein, Mari Vähä-Mäkilä, Mikael Knip, Suvi Virtanen, Heikki Hyoty, and Kalle Kurppa
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Neutrophils ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young ,Physiology ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Hematocrit ,Leukocyte Count ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,0302 clinical medicine ,HLA Antigens ,Diabetes mellitus ,White blood cell ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Autoantibodies ,Sweden ,Type 1 diabetes ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Insulin ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Lipase ,medicine.disease ,Red blood cell ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Child, Preschool ,Amylases ,Pancreatin ,Erythrocyte Count ,Female ,Hemoglobin ,Immunology and Transplantation ,business - Abstract
Islet autoantibodies (IAs) precede the clinical onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D); however, the knowledge is limited about whether the prodrome affects complete blood counts (CBCs) in 4- to 12-year-old children with increased genetic risk for T1D. This study tested whether CBCs were altered in 4- to 12-year-old children without (n = 376) or with one or several IAs against insulin, GAD65, or IA-2 (n = 72). CBC was analyzed during longitudinal follow-up in 448 Swedish children enrolled in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. A linear mixed-effects model was used to assess potential association between IA and CBC measurements over time. The white blood cell and neutrophil counts were reduced in children with IAs, primarily in boys. In contrast, girls had lower levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit. Positivity for multiple IAs showed the lowest counts in white blood cells and neutrophils in boys and red blood cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit in girls. These associations were primarily observed in children with the HLA-DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8 genotype. We conclude that the reduction in neutrophils and red blood cells in children with multiple IAs and HLA-DR3-DQ2/DR4-DQ8 genotype may signal a sex-dependent islet autoimmunity detected in longitudinal CBCs.
- Published
- 2018