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Purpose: To evaluate the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms reported by parents and the variables sleep problems, possible sleep bruxism, possible awake bruxism and dental trauma (DT), and its mode of occurrence in children and adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with the parents of 144 four- to 16-year-old subjects through a questionnaire on demographics, subjects' sleep, self-reported bruxism and DT mode of occurrence. The Swanson, Nolan and Pelham scale IV was used to assess ADHD signs and subtypes. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed (P<0.05). Results: The subjects' mean age was 7.9 years (±2.8 years) and 50.7 percent were boys. DT was reported in 80 percent of those with the hyperactive/impulsive subtype (ADHD-HI) and 72.7 percent of those with the combined subtype (ADHD-C). DT was caused solely by falls in the ADHD-C and inattention subtypes (ADHD-I). ADHD-C was associated with somniloquy (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.075; P=0.010). ADHD-HI was associated with bad sleep quality (PR=1.194; P=0.005), possible sleep bruxism (PR=1.088, 95% confidence interval=1.006 to 1.176; P=0.034), possible awake bruxism (PR=1.146; P=0.024) and sleep duration (PR=0.88; P=0.02). Conclusion: ADHD-C and -HI subtypes were associated with sleep characteristics. Possible sleep and awake bruxism were associated with symptoms of ADHD-HI. Despite no significant association, DT was present in most ADHD subjects, mostly due to falls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of sleep bruxism and associated factors in three- to five-year-olds. Methods: A representative cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 749 preschool children during immunization campaigns. Data acquisition involved an oral clinical exam, onthropometric measures, and a questionnaire administered in interview form. All data were analyzed using the chi-square test and Poisson regression with robust variance with the aid of SPSS software. Results: The prevalence of sleep bruxism among preschool children was approximately 14 percent. Statistically significant associations were found: between sleep bruxism and lower dental crowding (prevalence ratio=3.38; 95% confidence interval=1.9-5.7); for the habit of biting on objects (PR=2.49; 95% 0=1.4-4.4); for duration of breast-feeding for a period longer than 12 months (PR=198; 95% CN.2-3.2); and for bottle-feeding for more than 24 months (PR=1.93; 95% Cl=1.2-3.1). Conclusions: Lower arch crowding, the habit of biting on objects, and prolonged breast-feeding and bottle-feeding were associated with sleep bruxism in the preschool children analyzed in the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the association among stress levels, personality traits, and sleep bruxism in children., Methods: A population-based case control study (proportion=1:2) was conducted involving 120 7- to 11-year-olds with sleep bruxism and 240 children without sleep bruxism. The sample was randomly selected from schools in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The following instruments were used for data collection: questionnaire administered to parents; child stress scale; and neuroticism and responsibility scales of the big five questionnaire for children. Psychological tests were administered and evaluated by psychologists. Sleep bruxism was diagnosed from parents' reports. The chi-square test, as well as binary and multivariate logistic regression, was applied for statistical analysis., Results: In the adjusted logistic model, children with a high level of stress, due to psychological reactions (odds ratio=1.8; confidence interval=1.1-2.9) and a high sense of responsibility (OR=1.6; CI=1.0-2.5) vs those with low levels of these psychological traits, presented a nearly 2-fold greater chance of exhibiting the habit of sleep bruxism., Conclusion: High levels of stress and responsibility are key factors in the development of sleep bruxism among children.