1. Control of Glutamate Clearance and Synaptic Efficacy by Glial Coverage of Neurons
- Author
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Dominique A. Poulain, Stéphane H. R. Oliet, Richard Piet, Neurobiologie morphofonctionnelle, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut François Magendie-IFR8-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), ACI jeune chercheur, ARMA, Inserm Supported in part by grants from the Conseil Régional d'Aquitaine (970301209) and from the Association pour la Recherche Médicale en Aquitaine. R.P. is supported by the French Ministry of Education., and Oliet, Stéphane
- Subjects
Pyrrolidines ,Amino Acid Transport System X-AG ,Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate ,Synaptic Transmission ,Supraoptic nucleus ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists ,Dicarboxylic Acids ,MESH: Animals ,Neurotransmitter ,Neurons ,0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,Aminobutyrates ,Glutamate receptor ,MESH: Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists ,3. Good health ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,MESH: ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ,Neuroglia ,NMDA receptor ,Female ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,MESH: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG ,Supraoptic Nucleus ,Astrocyte ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Glutamic Acid ,MESH: Aminobutyric Acids ,In Vitro Techniques ,Neurotransmission ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,astrocyte ,MESH: Dicarboxylic Acids ,Internal medicine ,oxytocin ,medicine ,Animals ,Lactation ,Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors ,[SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Receptors, AMPA ,Rats, Wistar ,MESH: Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ,030304 developmental biology ,Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ,MESH: Glutamic Aci ,Rats ,MESH: Astrocytes ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Metabotropic glutamate receptor ,Astrocytes ,Synapses ,ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ,glutamate transporter ,MESH: Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists ,Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists ,MESH: Female ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Analysis of excitatory synaptic transmission in the rat hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus revealed that glutamate clearance and, as a consequence, glutamate concentration and diffusion in the extracellular space, is associated with the degree of astrocytic coverage of its neurons. Reduction in glutamate clearance, whether induced pharmacologically or associated with a relative decrease of glial coverage in the vicinity of synapses, affected transmitter release through modulation of presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors. Astrocytic wrapping of neurons, therefore, contributes to the regulation of synaptic efficacy in the central nervous system.
- Published
- 2001