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The escalating demand for energy coupled with the escalating concerns over environmental pollution has propelled the advancement of renewable energy technologies. Among these, aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) stand out as the most promising energy system for large-scale storage, attributed to their high safety standards, cost-effectiveness, and substantial volumetric capacity. However, significant scientific challenges persist, encompassing issues such as the formation of zinc anode dendrites, hydrogen precipitation reactions, and the dissolution of anode materials in AZIBs. A critical component in this context is the separator, which serves as a pivotal barrier preventing direct contact between the positive and negative electrodes, thereby exerting a substantial influence on the reversible cycle life of AZIBs. Notably, commercial glass fiber (GF) separators are marred by insufficient mechanical toughness and considerable thickness, resulting in compromised electrochemical performance. Consequently, there exists an urgent imperative to explore and scrutinize alternative non-GF nanoporous separator materials to realize high-performance AZIBs. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent non-GF nanoporous separator types and summarizes the current research status on their modification methods. Moreover, the paper offers a forward-looking perspective on the potential advancements in separators for AZIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detection of H 2 S in the biological system has attracted enormous attention in recent years. In this work, a new vinyl-functionalized metal-organic framework (MOF), [(Me 2 NH 2 ) 2 ] [Eu 6 (μ 3 -OH) 8 (BDC-CH═CH 2 ) 6 (H 2 O) 6 ] (Eu-BDC-CH═CH 2 , BDC-CH═CH 2 = 2-vinylterephthalic acid), was synthesized under solvothermal conditions. The vinyl groups in the ligands can not only modulate the "antenna effect" of the ligand on Eu 3+ ions but also serve as an exposed reactive site to allow for the quantitative detection of H 2 S by Eu-BDC-CH═CH 2 . The ratiometric fluorescent probe has the advantages of water stability, acid-base stability (pH = 2-11), fast response (<2 min), high selectivity, and sensitivity (LOD = 38.4 μM). We also used Eu-BDC-CH═CH 2 to detect and analyze H 2 S in tap and lake waters, demonstrating the potential of the probe for biological and environmental applications. In addition, the MOF-based agarose hydrogel film allows for the visual detection of H 2 S via a smartphone by identifying the RGB values. The vinyl-functionalized MOF can thus be a powerful sensing platform for H 2 S.

Fabrication of dual-emitting materials for H 2 S sensing under environmental and biological conditions is currently of great interest. In this work, a new chemically stable metal supramolecular complex [Zn 2 (pda) 2 (H 2 O) 3 ]·(H 2 O) 0.5 (Znpda, pda = 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxylic acid), with accessible uncoordinated carboxylic oxygen sites, is solvothermally synthesized. It can serve as a host in luminescent hybrid composites. By incorporating Eu 3+ and Cu 2+ in the supramolecular coordination network, we obtained the dual-emitting hybrid material Eu 3+ /Cu 2+ @Znpda, which simultaneously shows intense ligand and weak Eu 3+ emissions in HEPES buffer solution. Since H 2 S can easily chelate with Cu 2+ and recover the blocked "antenna effect" between the ligand and Eu 3+ , Eu 3+ /Cu 2+ @Znpda possesses both the turn-on and ratiomectric fluorescence response to H 2 S. Accordingly, we designed an IMPLICATION logic gate for H 2 S recognition by employing the fluorescence intensity ratio between the ligand and Eu 3+ as the output signal. In addition, Eu 3+ /Cu 2+ @Znpda shows a fast response (<1 min) and high sensitivity (1.45 μM) to H 2 S over other interfering species in the HEPES buffer solution, highlighting its potential use for H 2 S sensing under environmental and biological conditions.

In this work, we prepared two types of isostructural Ln 3+ -based metal-organic frameworks (LnMOFs) under solvothermal conditions, where two structurally similar pyridine-containing dicarboxylate ligands, 6-(4-carboxyphenyl)nicotinic acid and [2,2'-bipyridine]-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid, were used as the organic linkers. The as-synthesized LnMOF compounds were characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), powder XRD, and thermogravimetric analysis. With the lanthanide co-doping approach, two mixed LnMOFs, Tb 0.95 Eu 0.05 cpna and Tb 0.95 Eu 0.05 bpydc, were obtained and evaluated for application as potential ratiometric luminescence thermometers. The temperature-dependent luminescence of the two materials was investigated, and their emission intensities, luminescence lifetimes, and thermometric parameters were compared. They exhibit an excellent S-shaped response for temperatures in the range of 25-300 K, with favorable relative sensitivity and temperature uncertainty. Moreover, their color changes from green at 25 K to red at 300 K, so that they are also suitable as colorimetric luminescent probes.

An important result of research on mixed-lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (M'LnMOFs) is the realization of highly sensitive ratiometric luminescent thermometers. Here, we report the design and synthesis of the new M'LnMOF Tb0.80Eu0.20BPDA with high relative sensitivity in the physiological temperature regime (298-318 K). The emission intensity and luminescence lifetime were investigated and compared to those of existing materials. It was found that the temperature-dependent luminescence properties of Tb0.80Eu0.20BPDA are strongly associated with the distribution of the energy levels of the ligand. Such a property can be useful in the design of highly sensitive M'LnMOF thermometers.